Spring源码分析之Bean生命周期

前言

Spring中一个Bean的创建过程是十分复杂的,这里通过源码来简单分析一下。

原理分析

相关类图如下

DefaultListableBeanFactory就是IOC容器的最终实现,既实现了BeanFactory接口,也实现了BeanDefinitionRegistry接口,
所以它不仅是Bean容器,也是BeanDefinition注册表,同时管理Bean和BeanDefinition,接下来就来分析一下DefaultListableBeanFactory是如何创建Bean的。

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Setter;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionBuilder;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory;

public class TestBeanFactory {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory = new DefaultListableBeanFactory();
    BeanDefinitionBuilder definitionBuilder = BeanDefinitionBuilder
        .genericBeanDefinition(UserService.class);
    definitionBuilder.addPropertyValue("username", "lisi");
    beanFactory.registerBeanDefinition("userService", definitionBuilder.getBeanDefinition());
    UserService userService = (UserService) beanFactory.getBean("userService");
    System.out.println(userService.getUsername());
  }

  @Setter
  @Getter
  @NoArgsConstructor
  @AllArgsConstructor
  public static class UserService {
    private String username;
  }

}

我们先自己注册了UserService的BeanDefinition(项目中一般都是通过扫描自动注册的),核心方法就是beanFactory.getBean(beanName),接下来就深入到方法内部来看一下。
首先进入AbstractBeanFactory内部。

protected <T> T doGetBean(final String name, @Nullable final Class<T> requiredType,
			@Nullable final Object[] args, boolean typeCheckOnly) throws BeansException {
                //处理FactoryBean类型的Bean名称,暂时不管
		final String beanName = transformedBeanName(name);
		Object bean;
		//查看是否已经创建过(从单例池中查询)
		Object sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
		if (sharedInstance != null && args == null) {
                        //也是处理FactoryBean相关
			bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, null);
		}
		else {
			try {
                                //上面已经说了,DefaultListableBeanFactory也实现了BeanDefinitionRegistry,所以也管理BeanDefinition,这里根据Bean名称查询出之前注册的BeanDefinition
				final RootBeanDefinition mbd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
				//处理依赖Bean,项目中一般也用不到
				String[] dependsOn = mbd.getDependsOn();
				if (dependsOn != null) {
					for (String dep : dependsOn) {
                                                        //依次创建依赖Bean
							getBean(dep);
					}
				}

				//创建单例Bean
				if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
                                        //创建完成之后会将Bean放到单例池中,下次直接从池中取就可以了
					sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName, () -> {
						try {
                                                        //真正创建Bean的地方
							return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
						}
						catch (BeansException ex) {
							 //销毁Bean
							destroySingleton(beanName);
							throw ex;
						}
					});
                                        //处理FactoryBean相关
					bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
				}
                                //创建原型Bean(每次都会创建),暂时不管
				else if (mbd.isPrototype()) {
				
				}
				else {
                                        //处理其他scope的Bean,如web环境下的request类型的scope,暂时不管
				}
			}
			catch (BeansException ex) {
				cleanupAfterBeanCreationFailure(beanName);
				throw ex;
			}
		}
		//检查Bean类型和我们要求的类型是否一致,进行类型转换
		if (requiredType != null && !requiredType.isInstance(bean)) {
			try {
				T convertedBean = getTypeConverter().convertIfNecessary(bean, requiredType);
				return convertedBean;
			}
			
		}
		return (T) bean;
	}

除去非必要的代码,最终创建Bean的核心方法为createBean(),这个方法是通过AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory实现的,继续跟进去

@Override
protected Object createBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args)
			throws BeanCreationException {
		RootBeanDefinition mbdToUse = mbd;

		//解析出Bean的Class类型
		Class<?> resolvedClass = resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName);
		
		try {
			//这里给BeanPostProcessors一个机会使用一个代理对象来代替目标Bean实例,关于BeanPostProcessor,下面介绍
			Object bean = resolveBeforeInstantiation(beanName, mbdToUse);
			if (bean != null) {
				return bean;
			}
		}
		try {
                        //实际创建Bean
			Object beanInstance = doCreateBean(beanName, mbdToUse, args);
			return beanInstance;
		}
	}

继续doCreateBean()方法

protected Object doCreateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd, final @Nullable Object[] args)
			throws BeanCreationException {

		//创建Bean实例
		BeanWrapper instanceWrapper = null;
		if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
                        //也是处理FactoryBean相关
			instanceWrapper = this.factoryBeanInstanceCache.remove(beanName);
		}
		if (instanceWrapper == null) {
                        //创建Bean实例,会找到最合适的构造器,通过反射创建对象
			instanceWrapper = createBeanInstance(beanName, mbd, args);
		}
		final Object bean = instanceWrapper.getWrappedInstance();
		Class<?> beanType = instanceWrapper.getWrappedClass();
		if (beanType != NullBean.class) {
			mbd.resolvedTargetType = beanType;
		}

		//允许BeanPostProcessor修改BeanDefinition,暂时不管
		synchronized (mbd.postProcessingLock) {
			if (!mbd.postProcessed) {
				try {
					applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors(mbd, beanType, beanName);
				}
				mbd.postProcessed = true;
			}
		}

		//解决循环依赖相关
		boolean earlySingletonExposure = (mbd.isSingleton() && this.allowCircularReferences &&
				isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName));
		if (earlySingletonExposure) {
			addSingletonFactory(beanName, () -> getEarlyBeanReference(beanName, mbd, bean));
		}

		//初始化Bean实例
		Object exposedObject = bean;
		try {
                        //Bean属性装配,AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor就是在这里被调用来处理@Autowired和@Value注解的
			populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper);
                        //初始化Bean
			exposedObject = initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd);
		}
		return exposedObject;
	}

继续初始化Bean过程

protected Object initializeBean(final String beanName, final Object bean, @Nullable RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
                //处理一些钩子方法的回调,如果当前Bean实现了BeanFactoryAware接口,就会调用当前Bean的setBeanFactory()方法
		invokeAwareMethods(beanName, bean);

		Object wrappedBean = bean;
		if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) {
                        //调用BeanPostProcessor的postProcessBeforeInitialization(),可以让我们在Bean初始化之前做一些事情,是Spring提供的一个扩展
                        //ApplicationContextAwareProcessor在这一步会处理更多的钩子方法的回调
			wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);
		}

		try {
                        //调用我们定义的初始化方法,如果实现了InitializingBean接口,就调用afterPropertiesSet()方法,如果还配置了自定义初始化方法,也调用
                        //@Bean注解可以使用initMethod属性来配置
			invokeInitMethods(beanName, wrappedBean, mbd);
		}
		if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) {
                        //调用BeanPostProcessor的postProcessAfterInitialization(),可以让我们在Bean初始化之后做一些事情,也是Spring提供的一个扩展
                        //AOP创建代理对象就是通过AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator扩展此功能实现的
			wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);
		}

		return wrappedBean;
	}

BeanFactory提供了addBeanPostProcessor()方法来添加我们自定义的BeanPostProcessor对象,如果使用ApplicationContext,就不需要手动添加了,我们只需要将它标记为一个Bean,ApplicationContext会自动去IOC容器中查找所有类型为BeanPostProcessor的Bean,调用addBeanPostProcessor()方法将它们添加到BeanFactory中。

@Component
public static class MyBeanPostProcessor implements BeanPostProcessor {

    @Override
    public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName)
        throws BeansException {
      System.out.println("postProcessAfterInitialization: " + beanName);
      return bean;
    }
  }

IOC容器底层是使用一个ConcurrentHashMap来保存Bean名称和Bean实例对象的对应关系的,DefaultListableBeanFactory是DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry的一个子类。

总结

Bean生命周期基本如下

参考

Spring IOC 容器源码分析

posted @ 2022-05-07 08:02  strongmore  阅读(143)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报