Consul

Consul

Consul是一套开源的分布式服务发现和配置管理系统，由HashiCorp公司用Go语言开发。

提供了微服务系统中的服务治理、配置中心、控制总线等功能。这些功能中的每一个都可以根据需要单独使用，也可以一起使用以构建全方位的服务网络，总之Consul提供了一种完整的服务网格解决方案。

它具有很多优点。包括：基于raft协议，比较简洁；支持健康检查，同时支持HTTP和DNS协议支持跨中心的WAN集群提供图形界面跨平台，支持Linux、Mac、Windows。

运行Consul

下载Consul

解压压缩文件，双击打开consul.exe

在地址栏上输入：localhost:8500进行验证

把服务提供者注册到Consul

创建一个子项目(cloud-providerconsul-payment8006)

修改pom.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-providerconsul-payment8006</artifactId>
    <dependencies>
        <!--SpringCloud consul-server -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--日常通用jar包配置-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
            <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
            <version>RELEASE</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
            <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
            <version>RELEASE</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

创建application.yml

server:
  port: 8006


spring:
  application:
    name: consul-provider-payment
  cloud:
    consul:
      host: localhost
      port: 8500
      discovery:
        service-name: ${spring.application.name}

创建主启动类PaymentMain8006

package com.atguigu.springcloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class PaymentMain8006 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain8006.class,args);
    }
}

创建controller

package com.atguigu.springcloud.controller;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.UUID;

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class PaymentController {
    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;

    @RequestMapping(value = "/payment/consul")
    public String paymentConsul(){
        return "springcloud with consul: "+serverPort+"\t"+ UUID.randomUUID().toString();

    }
}

运行

把服务消费者注册到Consul

创建一个子项目(cloud-consumerconsul-order80)

修改pom.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-consumerconsul-order80</artifactId>
    <dependencies>
        <!--SpringCloud consul-server -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--日常通用jar包配置-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
            <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
            <version>RELEASE</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
            <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
            <version>RELEASE</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

创建application.yml文件

server:
  port: 7999



spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-consumer-order

  cloud:
    consul:
      host: localhost
      port: 8500
      discovery:
        service-name: ${spring.application.name}

创建主启动类OrderConsulMain80

package com.atguigu.springcloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class OrderConsulMain80 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(OrderConsulMain80.class,args);
    }
}

创建配置文件注册Bean,ApplicationContextConfig

package com.atguigu.springcloud.config;

import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@Configuration
public class ApplicationContextConfig {
    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

创建业务类OrderConsulController

package com.atguigu.springcloud.controller;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class OrderConsulController {
    public static  final String INVOKE_URL = "http://consul-provider-payment";

    @Resource
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;
    @GetMapping(value = "/consumer/payment/consul")
    public String paymentInfo(){
        String result = restTemplate.getForObject(INVOKE_URL+"/payment/consul",String.class);
        return result;
    }
}

运行

三个注册中心异同点

一致性（Consistency）、可用性（Availability）、分区容错性（Partition tolerance）

一致性就是数据保持一致，在分布式系统中，可以理解为多个节点中数据的值是一致的。

可用性是在某个考察时间，系统能够正常运行的概率或时间占有率期望值

分区容错性是指系统能够容忍节点之间的网络通信的故障。