[Swift]LeetCode272. 最近的二分搜索树的值 II $ Closest Binary Search Tree Value II
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Given a non-empty binary search tree and a target value, find k values in the BST that are closest to the target.
Note:
- Given target value is a floating point.
- You may assume k is always valid, that is: k ≤ total nodes.
- You are guaranteed to have only one unique set of k values in the BST that are closest to the target.
Follow up:
Assume that the BST is balanced, could you solve it in less than O(n) runtime (where n = total nodes)?
Hint:
1. Consider implement these two helper functions:
i. getPredecessor(N), which returns the next smaller node to N.
ii. getSuccessor(N), which returns the next larger node to N.
2. Try to assume that each node has a parent pointer, it makes the problem much easier.
3. Without parent pointer we just need to keep track of the path from the root to the current node using a stack.
4. You would need two stacks to track the path in finding predecessor and successor node separately.
给定一个非空的二进制搜索树和一个目标值,在BST中查找离目标最近的k值。
注:
给定的目标值是一个浮点。
您可以假定k始终有效,即:k≤总节点。
保证BST中只有一组最接近目标的唯一k值。
跟进:
假设BST是平衡的,您可以在小于O(n)的运行时(其中n=总节点)中解决它吗?
提示:
1、考虑实现这两个助手函数:
i.getPrevistory(n),它将下一个较小的节点返回到n。
ii.getsuccessor(n),它将下一个较大的节点返回到n。
2、尝试假设每个节点都有一个父指针,这会使问题变得更容易。
3、如果没有父指针,我们只需要使用堆栈跟踪从根到当前节点的路径。
4、在单独查找前置节点和后续节点时,需要两个堆栈来跟踪路径。
Solution
1 public class TreeNode { 2 public var val: Int 3 public var left: TreeNode? 4 public var right: TreeNode? 5 public init(_ val: Int) { 6 self.val = val 7 self.left = nil 8 self.right = nil 9 } 10 } 11 12 class Solution { 13 func closestKValues(_ root: TreeNode?,_ target:Double,_ k:Int) -> [Int] { 14 var res:[Int] = [Int]() 15 inorder(root, target, k, &res) 16 return res 17 } 18 19 func inorder(_ root: TreeNode?,_ target:Double,_ k:Int,_ res:inout [Int]) 20 { 21 if root == nil {return} 22 inorder(root?.left, target, k, &res) 23 if res.count < k 24 { 25 res.append(root!.val) 26 } 27 else if abs(Double(root!.val) - target) < abs(Double(res[0]) - target) 28 { 29 res.removeFirst() 30 res.append(root!.val) 31 } 32 else 33 { 34 return 35 } 36 inorder(root?.right, target, k, &res) 37 } 38 }