抽象方法 抽象类 (abstract)

1.抽象方法 abstract , 不提供方法实现内容!

2. 包含抽象方法的一定是抽象类! 但抽象类不一定要有抽象方法!

3. 抽象方法 强制要求 所有派生类必须重载它!

4. 对抽象类 无法创建其实例! 只有通过其派生类的实例。

5. 如果抽象类中定义了抽象方法,那么其所有派生类必须继承这些抽象方法。

    并且其派生类若不是抽象类的时候,还必须重载实现这些抽象方法。(重载还用override ,但不用virtual)

 

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

namespace ConsoleApp
{
    class AbstractInheritSample
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            //实例数组
            Shape[] shapes = new Shape[8];
            for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
            {
                shapes[i] = new Circle(i + 1);
                shapes[4 + i] = new Rectangle(i + 2, i + 4);
            }

            foreach (Shape s in shapes)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("{0}:周长{1},面积{2}", s, s.Perimeter, s.Area);
            }
            Console.Read();
        }
    }

    //抽象类
    public abstract class Shape
    {
        public abstract double Perimeter
        { get;        }
        public abstract double Area
        { get;        }
    }

    //派生类
    public class Circle : Shape
    {
        private double m_radius;
        public override double Perimeter
        {
            get { return 6.28 * m_radius; }
        }
        public override double Area
        {
            get { return 3.14 * m_radius * m_radius; }
        }

        public Circle(double radius)
        {
            m_radius = radius;

        }

        //重载Object类的虚拟方法ToString
        public override string ToString()
        {
            return string.Format("圆形(半径{0})", m_radius);
        }
    }

    //派生类:矩形Rectangle
    public class Rectangle : Shape
    {
        private double m_side1;
        private double m_side2;

        public override double Perimeter
        {
            get { return (2 * m_side1 + 2 * m_side2); }
        }
        public override double Area
        {
            get { return m_side1 * m_side2; }
        }

        public Rectangle(double side1, double side2)
        {
            m_side1 = side1;
            m_side2 = side2;
        }

        public override string ToString()
        {
            return string.Format("矩形(边长{0},{1})", m_side1, m_side2);
        }
    }

}

 

posted @ 2012-11-28 23:00  streetpasser  阅读(236)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报