腾讯//二叉搜索树中第K小的元素

给定一个二叉搜索树,编写一个函数 kthSmallest 来查找其中第 个最小的元素。

说明:
你可以假设 k 总是有效的,1 ≤ k ≤ 二叉搜索树元素个数。

示例 1:

输入: root = [3,1,4,null,2], k = 1
   3
  / \
 1   4
  \
   2
输出: 1

示例 2:

输入: root = [5,3,6,2,4,null,null,1], k = 3
       5
      / \
     3   6
    / \
   2   4
  /
 1
输出: 3

进阶:
如果二叉搜索树经常被修改(插入/删除操作)并且你需要频繁地查找第 k 小的值,你将如何优化 kthSmallest 函数?

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * struct TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode *left;
 *     TreeNode *right;
 *     TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(NULL), right(NULL) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:
    int calcTreeSize(TreeNode* root){
        if(root == NULL)
            return 0;
        return 1+calcTreeSize(root->left)+calcTreeSize(root->right);
    }
    int kthSmallest(TreeNode* root, int k) {
        if(root == NULL)
            return 0;
        int leftSize = calcTreeSize(root->left);
        if(k == leftSize + 1)
            return root->val;
        else if(leftSize >= k){
            return kthSmallest(root->left,k);
        }else{
            return kthSmallest(root->right,k-leftSize-1);
        }
    }
};

 

posted @ 2018-10-28 11:03  strawqqhat  阅读(66)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报
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