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【吉光片羽】MVC 导出Word的两种方式

2014-10-16 09:03  stoneniqiu  阅读(5068)  评论(8)  编辑  收藏  举报

    1.直接将Html转成Word。MVC自带FileResult很好用。Html中我们也可以嵌入自己的样式。

    html:

<div id="target">
    <style>
        table{border-collapse: collapse;border: 1px solid  black;}
        td{border: 1px royalblue solid}
    </style>
    <img src="../../Content/eman_sm.png" alt="" />
    <table>
        <tr>
            <td>姓名</td>
            <td>成绩</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>张山</td>
            <td>80分</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>李四</td>
            <td>90分</td>
        </tr>
    </table>
</div>
<div style="color: red"></div>
<a id="ea" href="#">导出word</a>
<a href="@Url.Action("ExportWords")">ExportWords</a>
View Code
<script>
    $("#ea").click(function () {
        var html = $("#target").html();
        window.open("/Home/ExportWord?html=" + html);
    })
</script>

get方法会受到url长度的影响，可以换成隐藏的form提交。

<form id="form1" action="/Home/ExportWord">
    <input type="hidden" value=""  name="html" id="cc" />
    <input type="submit" id="st" />
</form>
<div id="target">
    <style>
        table{border-collapse: collapse;border: 1px solid  black;}
        td{border: 1px royalblue solid}
    </style>
    <table>
        <tr>
            <td>姓名</td>
            <td>成绩</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>张山</td>
            <td>80分</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>李四</td>
            <td>90分</td>
        </tr>
    </table>
</div>
<div style="color: red"></div>
<a id="ea" href="#">导出word</a>
<a href="@Url.Action("ExportWords")">ExportWords</a>
<script>
    $("#ea").click(function () {
        var html = $("#target").html();
        $("#cc").val(html);
        $("#st").click();
    })
</script>
View Code

 

Action:

 [ValidateInput(false)]
        public FileResult ExportWord(string html)
        {
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            sb.Append("<!DOCTYPE html>");
            sb.Append("<body>");
            sb.Append(html);
            sb.Append("</body>");
            var byteArray = System.Text.Encoding.Default.GetBytes(sb.ToString());
            Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312");
            return File(byteArray, "application/ms-word", "wordtest" + ".doc");
        }

这样的问题是导出的图片是引用型的，路径一变化就不会显示了。优点就是速度很快。

  2.使用Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word 提供的方法创建一个word。

    /// <summary>
        /// 创建一个word
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public ActionResult ExportWords()
        {
            CreateAWord();
            SetPageHeader("测试创建一个Word文档");
            InsertText("这是一个测试文档的内容", 14, WdColor.wdColorGray10, 1, WdParagraphAlignment.wdAlignParagraphLeft);
            NewLine();
            InsertPicture(@"C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\duoceshi.png");
            InsertTable();
            SaveWord(@"C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\\test.doc");
            CloseDocument(@"C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\\test.doc");
            return null;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Word应用对象  
        /// </summary>
        private Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.Application _wordApplication;
        /// <summary>
        /// word 文件对象 
        /// </summary>
        private Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.Document _wordDocument;
        /// <summary>
        ///  创建文档  如果报错：类型“Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.ApplicationClass”未定义构造函数 ； 解决方法：在其中点开“引用”文件夹，在"Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word" 上点击鼠标右键，选择“属性”，将属性中的“嵌入互操作类型”的值改为“false”即可
        /// </summary>
        public void CreateAWord()
        {
            //实例化word应用对象 
            this._wordApplication = new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.ApplicationClass();
            Object myNothing = System.Reflection.Missing.Value;
            this._wordDocument = this._wordApplication.Documents.Add(ref myNothing, ref myNothing, ref myNothing, ref myNothing);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 添加页眉 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="pPageHeader"></param>
        public void SetPageHeader(string pPageHeader)
        {
            //添加页眉 
            this._wordApplication.ActiveWindow.View.Type = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdViewType.wdOutlineView;
            this._wordApplication.ActiveWindow.View.SeekView = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdSeekView.wdSeekPrimaryHeader;
            this._wordApplication.ActiveWindow.ActivePane.Selection.InsertAfter(pPageHeader);
            //设置中间对齐 
            this._wordApplication.Selection.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdParagraphAlignment.wdAlignParagraphCenter;
            //跳出页眉设置 
            this._wordApplication.ActiveWindow.View.SeekView = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdSeekView.wdSeekMainDocument;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 插入文字
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="pText">文本信息</param>
        /// <param name="pFontSize">字体大小</param>
        /// <param name="pFontColor">字体颜色</param>
        /// <param name="pFontBold">字体粗体</param>
        /// <param name="ptextAlignment">方向</param>
        public void InsertText(string pText, int pFontSize, Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdColor pFontColor, int pFontBold, Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdParagraphAlignment ptextAlignment)
        {
            //设置字体样式以及方向 
            this._wordApplication.Application.Selection.Font.Size = pFontSize;
            this._wordApplication.Application.Selection.Font.Bold = pFontBold;
            this._wordApplication.Application.Selection.Font.Color = pFontColor;
            this._wordApplication.Application.Selection.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = ptextAlignment;
            this._wordApplication.Application.Selection.TypeText(pText);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 换行
        /// </summary>
        public void NewLine()
        {
            //换行 
            this._wordApplication.Application.Selection.TypeParagraph();
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 插入一个图片 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="pPictureFileName"></param>
        public void InsertPicture(string pPictureFileName)
        {
            object myNothing = System.Reflection.Missing.Value;
            //图片居中显示 
            this._wordApplication.Selection.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdParagraphAlignment.wdAlignParagraphCenter;
            this._wordApplication.Application.Selection.InlineShapes.AddPicture(pPictureFileName, ref myNothing, ref myNothing, ref myNothing);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 插入表格
        /// </summary>
        public void InsertTable()
        {
            object myNothing = System.Reflection.Missing.Value;
            Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.Table table1 = _wordDocument.Tables.Add(_wordApplication.Selection.Range, 4, 3, ref myNothing, ref myNothing);
            _wordDocument.Tables[1].Cell(1, 1).Range.Text = "产品\n项目";
            _wordDocument.Tables[1].Cell(1, 2).Range.Text = "电脑";
            _wordDocument.Tables[1].Cell(1, 3).Range.Text = "手机";
            _wordDocument.Tables[1].Cell(2, 1).Range.Text = "重量(kg)";
            _wordDocument.Tables[1].Cell(3, 1).Range.Text = "价格(元)";
            _wordDocument.Tables[1].Cell(4, 1).Range.Text = "共同信息";
            _wordDocument.Tables[1].Cell(4, 2).Range.Text = "信息A";
            _wordDocument.Tables[1].Cell(4, 3).Range.Text = "信息B";
            table1.Select();
            table1.Rows.Alignment = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdRowAlignment.wdAlignRowCenter;//整个表格居中

            _wordApplication.Selection.Cells.VerticalAlignment = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdCellVerticalAlignment.wdCellAlignVerticalCenter;
            _wordApplication.Selection.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdParagraphAlignment.wdAlignParagraphCenter;
            _wordApplication.Selection.Cells.HeightRule = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdRowHeightRule.wdRowHeightExactly;
            _wordApplication.Selection.Cells.Height = 40;
            table1.Rows[2].Height = 20;
            table1.Rows[3].Height = 20;
            table1.Rows[4].Height = 20;
            table1.Range.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdParagraphAlignment.wdAlignParagraphCenter;
            _wordApplication.Selection.Cells.Width = 150;
            table1.Columns[1].Width = 75;
            table1.Cell(1, 1).Range.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdParagraphAlignment.wdAlignParagraphRight;
            table1.Cell(1, 1).Range.Paragraphs[2].Format.Alignment = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdParagraphAlignment.wdAlignParagraphLeft;


            _wordApplication.Selection.Cells.VerticalAlignment = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdCellVerticalAlignment.wdCellAlignVerticalCenter;
            _wordApplication.Selection.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdParagraphAlignment.wdAlignParagraphCenter;
            _wordApplication.Selection.Cells.HeightRule = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdRowHeightRule.wdRowHeightExactly;
            _wordApplication.Selection.Cells.Height = 40;
            table1.Rows[2].Height = 20; table1.Rows[3].Height = 20;
            table1.Rows[4].Height = 20;
            table1.Range.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdParagraphAlignment.wdAlignParagraphCenter;
            _wordApplication.Selection.Cells.Width = 150;
            table1.Columns[1].Width = 75;
            table1.Cell(1, 1).Range.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdParagraphAlignment.wdAlignParagraphRight;
            table1.Cell(1, 1).Range.Paragraphs[2].Format.Alignment = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdParagraphAlignment.wdAlignParagraphLeft;

            //表头斜线 
            table1.Cell(1, 1).Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderDiagonalDown].Visible = true;
            table1.Cell(1, 1).Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderDiagonalDown].Color = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdColor.wdColorGreen;
            table1.Cell(1, 1).Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderDiagonalDown].LineWidth = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdLineWidth.wdLineWidth050pt;


            //表格边框             
            table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderHorizontal].Visible = true;
            table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderHorizontal].Color = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdColor.wdColorGreen;
            table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderHorizontal].LineWidth = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdLineWidth.wdLineWidth050pt;

            table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderVertical].Visible = true;
            table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderVertical].Color = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdColor.wdColorGreen;
            table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderVertical].LineWidth = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdLineWidth.wdLineWidth050pt;

            table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderLeft].Visible = true;
            table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderLeft].Color = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdColor.wdColorGreen;

            table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderLeft].LineWidth = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdLineWidth.wdLineWidth050pt;
            table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderLeft].LineStyle = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdLineStyle.wdLineStyleDoubleWavy;

            table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderRight].Visible = true;
            table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderRight].Color = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdColor.wdColorGreen;
            table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderRight].LineWidth = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdLineWidth.wdLineWidth050pt;
            table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderRight].LineStyle = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdLineStyle.wdLineStyleDoubleWavy;

            table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderBottom].Visible = true;
            table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderBottom].Color = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdColor.wdColorGreen;
            table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderBottom].LineWidth = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdLineWidth.wdLineWidth050pt;
            table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderBottom].LineStyle = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdLineStyle.wdLineStyleDouble;

            table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderTop].Visible = true;
            table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderTop].Color = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdColor.wdColorGreen;
            table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderTop].LineWidth = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdLineWidth.wdLineWidth050pt;
            table1.Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderTop].LineStyle = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdLineStyle.wdLineStyleDouble;


            //合并单元格 
            //_wordDocument.Tables[1].Cell(4, 2).Merge(table1.Cell(4, 3)); 
        }
        [DllImport("shell32.dll ")]
        public static extern int ShellExecute(IntPtr hwnd, String lpszOp, String lpszFile, String lpszParams, String lpszDir, int FsShowCmd);
        /// <summary>
        /// 关闭文档 
        /// </summary>
        public void CloseDocument(string fileName)
        {
            object myNothing = System.Reflection.Missing.Value;
            //关闭文档 
            object saveOption = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdSaveOptions.wdDoNotSaveChanges; _wordDocument.Close(ref myNothing, ref myNothing, ref myNothing);
            _wordApplication.Application.Quit(ref saveOption, ref myNothing, ref myNothing); _wordDocument = null; _wordApplication = null;
            //ShellExecute(IntPtr.Zero, "open", fileName, "", "", 3);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 保存文件 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="pFileName">文件名</param>
        public void SaveWord(string pFileName)
        {
            object myNothing = System.Reflection.Missing.Value;
            object myFileName = pFileName;
            object myWordFormatDocument = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdSaveFormat.wdFormatDocument;
            object myLockd = false;
            object myPassword = "";
            object myAddto = true;
            try
            {
                this._wordDocument.SaveAs(ref myFileName, ref myWordFormatDocument, ref myLockd, ref myPassword,
                    ref myAddto, ref myPassword,
                    ref myLockd, ref myLockd, ref myLockd, ref myLockd, ref myNothing, ref myNothing, ref myNothing,
                    ref myNothing, ref myNothing, ref myNothing);
            }
            catch (Exception exception)
            {
                throw new Exception("保存word文档失败!");
            }
        }
View Code

 图片倒是保存住了，可配置的地方很多，速度有些慢，代码量颇多。

 3.如果要导出excel 还是用NPOI最好。 http://www.cnblogs.com/lwme/archive/2011/11/18/npoi_excel_import_export.html

  调用该博主ExcelRender中的方法，返回File。 不然网上的其他办法都很有问题，要么打不开，要么服务器没装office就不行了。

 public FileResult ExportExcel()
        {
            DataTable table = new DataTable();
            table.Columns.Add("aa", typeof(string));
            table.Columns.Add("bb", typeof(string));
            table.Columns.Add("cc", typeof(string));
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
            {
                string a = DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString();
                Thread.Sleep(1);
                string b = DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString();
                Thread.Sleep(1);
                string c = DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString();
                Thread.Sleep(1);
                table.Rows.Add(a, b, c);
            }

           var ms= ExcelRender.RenderToExcel(table);

            return File(ms, "application/vnd.ms-excel", "考试成绩.xls");
        }

 4. Excel导入。

  file就是一个HttpPostedFileBase 对象。即上传的excel文件。用ExcelRender 转换为table 再进行插入数据库的操作。

   byte[] filebBytes =new byte[file.ContentLength];
   file.InputStream.Read(filebBytes, 0, file.ContentLength);

   var table = ExcelRender.RenderFromExcel(new MemoryStream(filebBytes),0,0);