linux内核安装指南-2

获取更多的信息。

   Alternatively, the script patch-kernel can be used to automate this
   process.  It determines the current kernel version and applies any
   patches found.

   还有个办法,脚本patch-kernel可以自动完成这个过程。它判断当前内核的版本号,并且
   应用任何找到的补丁。

        linux/scripts/patch-kernel linux

   The first argument in the command above is the location of the
   kernel source.  Patches are applied from the current directory, but
   an alternative directory can be specified as the second argument.

   上面命令的第一个参数是内核源码的位置。补丁可以从当前位置应用,但是一个可选
   的目录可以作为第二个参数被指定。

 - If you are upgrading between releases using the stable series patches
   (for example, patch-2.6.xx.y), note that these "dot-releases" are
   not incremental and must be applied to the 2.6.xx base tree. For
   example, if your base kernel is 2.6.12 and you want to apply the
   2.6.12.3 patch, you do not and indeed must not first apply the
   2.6.12.1 and 2.6.12.2 patches. Similarly, if you are running kernel
   version 2.6.12.2 and want to jump to 2.6.12.3, you must first
   reverse the 2.6.12.2 patch (that is, patch -R) _before_ applying
   the 2.6.12.3 patch.
  
   如果你想使用稳定系列的补丁,在发布版本之间升级,比如patch-2.6.xx.y。注意,
   这些".发布号"不是递增的,必须应用到2.6.xx的基础树。例如,如果你的基础内核是2.6.12
   并且你想应用2.6.12.3补丁,你不能,实际上也没必需要先打上2.6.12.1和2.6.12.2补丁。类似地,
   如果你正运行2.6.12.2版本地内核,并且想跳到2.6.12.3,你在打上2.6.12.3补丁之前,
   必须先撤销2.6.12.2补丁。
  
   You can read more on this in Documentation/applying-patches.txt
   你可以在applying-patches.txt,阅读到更多的,关于打补丁的信息。

 - Make sure you have no stale .o files and dependencies lying around:
   确认你没有失效的 .o文件和文件依赖无所事事。

        cd linux
        make mrproper

   You should now have the sources correctly installed.
   现在,你已经将源码正确地安装了。

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS

   Compiling and running the 2.6.xx kernels requires up-to-date
   versions of various software packages.  Consult
   Documentation/Changes for the minimum version numbers required
   and how to get updates for these packages.  Beware that using
   excessively old versions of these packages can cause indirect
   errors that are very difficult to track down, so don''t assume that
   you can just update packages when obvious problems arise during
   build or operation.
  
   编译和运行2.6.xx内核,要求各种软件包地最新版本。查阅changes文件,
   确认要求的最小版本号,以及如何得到这些包的更新。必须了解,过度使用这些
   包的旧版本可能导致潜在的错误,这些错误是非常难被捕获的。所以,当编译
   或者操作过程中,出现了明显的错误,你就不能说你已经正确的升级包了。

BUILD directory for the kernel:

   When compiling the kernel all output files will per default be
   stored together with the kernel source code.
  
   当编译内核时,所有的输出默认是和内核源码放在一起的。
  
   Using the option "make O=output/dir" allow you to specify an alternate
   place for the output files (including .config).
  
   使用选项 "make O=output/dir" 允许你指定一个可选的地方存放输出文件,包括 .config。  
  
   Example:
  
   例如:
  
     kernel source code:    /usr/src/linux-2.6.N
     build directory:        /home/name/build/kernel

   To configure and build the kernel use:
  
   配置并且创建内核
  
   cd /usr/src/linux-2.6.N
   make O=/home/name/build/kernel menuconfig
   make O=/home/name/build/kernel
   sudo make O=/home/name/build/kernel modules_install install

   Please note: If the ''O=output/dir'' option is used then it must be
   used for all invocations of make.
  
   请注意:如果 "O=output/dir"选项被使用,那么它必须被所有的make所引用。
  
  

CONFIGURING the kernel:

   Do not skip this step even if you are only upgrading one minor
   version.  New configuration options are added in each release, and
   odd problems will turn up if the configuration files are not set up
   as expected.  If you want to carry your existing configuration to a
   new version with minimal work, use "make oldconfig", which will
   only ask you for the answers to new questions.

   不用忽略这个步骤,即使你只是升级一个最小的版本。新的配置选项被添加到
   每个发布版本中,奇怪的问题可能会出现,如果配置文件没有象期望的那样被配置。
   如果你想不用费事地将已经存在的配置文件带到新版本中,使用"make oldconfig"
   命令,这个命令只是就新问题请求确认。  

 - Alternate configuration commands are:
    可选的配置命令:
    
    "make config"      Plain text interface.
                       文本界面
   
    "make menuconfig"  Text based color menus, radiolists & dialogs.
                       基于文本的带颜色菜单,单选列表以及对话框                  
   
    "make xconfig"     X windows (Qt) based configuration tool.
                       基于X窗口(Qt)的配置工具
   
    "make gconfig"     X windows (Gtk) based configuration tool.
                       基于X窗口(Gtk)的配置工具
                      
    "make oldconfig"   Default all questions based on the contents of
               your existing ./.config file and asking about
               new config symbols.
                       基于已经存在的配置文件,默认回答所有的问题,只询问新的配置特征。
              
    "make silentoldconfig"
               Like above, but avoids cluttering the screen
               with questions already answered.
               和上面一样,但避免在屏幕上集中出现已经回答的问题
              
    "m
文章出处:DIY部落(http://www.diybl.com/course/6_system/linux/Linuxjs/20071215/92305_2.html)

posted @ 2010-03-13 23:36  tungli  阅读(413)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报