monkeyRunner

 MonkeyRunner工具是使用Jython(使用Java编程语言实现的Python)写出来的，它提供了多个API，通过monkeyrunner API 可以写一个Python的程序来模拟操作控制Android设备app,测试其稳定性并通过截屏可以方便地记录出现的问题。

 MonkeyRunner 和 monkey没有直接关系，monkey是在设备直接运行adb shell命令生成随机事件来进行测试的。而monkeyrunner则是通过API发送特定的命令和事件通过工作站来控制设备。

优势：

1.多设备控制：API可以跨多个设备，一次启动全部模拟器来实施测试套件;

2.功能测试：为应用自动执行一次功能测试，然后观察输出结果的截屏。

2.可扩展自动化：因为monkeyrunner是一个API工具包，你可以开发基于Python模块的整个系统来控制Android设备;

API

MonkeyRunner工具主要有三个类：MonkeyRunner、MonkeyDevice、MonkeyImage.

类	主要方法
MonkeyRunner	alert() waitForConnection(float timeout,string deviceid) sleep() help
MonkeyDevice	installPackage() starActivity(package+'/'+activity) touch(integer x,integer y, integer type)  drag(tuple start,tuple end,float duration,integer steps) press(string keycode,dictionary type)  takesnapshot getProperty
MonkeyImage	ConvertoBytes getSubImage sameAs(MonkeyImage other,float percent) 可通过截图方法判断两次结果是否一致 writetoFile(string path,string format)

monkeyRunner示例代码：

from com.android.monkeyrunner import MonkeyRunner,MonkeyDevice,MonkeyImage
from com.android.monkeyrunner.easy import EasyMonkeyDevice,By

device = MonkeyRunner.waitForConnection()

print '******Case1: Use MonkeyDevice and MonkeyImage to check claculator result******'

print '---- start Calculator App'

device.startActivity('com.android.calculator2/.Calculator')

print '---- calculator 3*8 with press method'

device.press('KEYCODE_3',MonkeyDevice.DOWN_AND_UP)
device.press('KEYCODE_NUMPAD_MULTIPLY',MonkeyDevice.DOWN_AND_UP)
device.press('KEYCODE_8',MonkeyDevice.DOWN_AND_UP)
device.press('KEYCODE_EQUALS',MonkeyDevice.DOWN_AND_UP)

image = device.takeSnapshot()
subimage = image.getSubImage((300,50,356,234))

print '---- calculator 4*6 with touch method'
device.touch(100,600,MonkeyDevice.DOWN_AND_UP)
device.touch(600,600,MonkeyDevice.DOWN_AND_UP)
device.touch(400,600,MonkeyDevice.DOWN_AND_UP)
device.touch(400,1000,MonkeyDevice.DOWN_AND_UP)

image2 = device.takeSnapshot()
subimage2 = image.getSubImage((300,50,356,234))

if (subimage2.sameAs(subimage,0.8)):
    print '[PASS] the result of 3*8 and 4*6 is equal!'
else:
    print '[Fail] the result of 3*8 and 4*6 is not equal!'
    
print '******Case2: Use EasyMonkeyDevice to check claculator result******'    

print '---- calculator 5*7 with EasyMonkeyDevice touch'

easy = EasyMonkeyDevice(device)
easy.touch(By.id('id/digit5'),MonkeyDevice.DOWN_AND_UP)
easy.touch(By.id('id/mul'),MonkeyDevice.DOWN_AND_UP)
easy.touch(By.id('id/digit7'),MonkeyDevice.DOWN_AND_UP)
easy.touch(By.id('id/equal'),MonkeyDevice.DOWN_AND_UP)

hv=device.getHierarchyViewer()
view = hv.findViewById('id/display')
str =view.children[1].namedProperties.get('text:mText').toString().encode('utf8')


if (str == '35'):
    print '[PASS] the result of 5*7 is correct!'
else:
    print '[Fail] the result of 5*7 is correct! the result is -- ' +str
    
easy.touch(By.id('id/clear'),MonkeyDevice.DOWN_AND_UP)
device.press('KEYCODE_BACK',MonkeyDevice.DOWN_AND_UP)