1 yum命令的用法：
2 yum [options] [command] [package ...]
3
4 command is one of:
5 * install package1 [package2] [...]
6 * update [package1] [package2] [...]
7 * update-to [package1] [package2] [...]
8 * check-update
9 * upgrade [package1] [package2] [...]
10 * upgrade-to [package1] [package2] [...]
11 * distribution-synchronization [package1] [package2] [...]
12 * remove | erase package1 [package2] [...]
13 * list [...]
14 * info [...]
15 * provides | whatprovides feature1 [feature2] [...]
16 * clean [ packages | metadata | expire-cache | rpmdb | plugins | all ]
17 * makecache
18 * groupinstall group1 [group2] [...]
19 * groupupdate group1 [group2] [...]
20 * grouplist [hidden] [groupwildcard] [...]
21 * groupremove group1 [group2] [...]
22 * groupinfo group1 [...]
23 * search string1 [string2] [...]
24 * shell [filename]
25 * resolvedep dep1 [dep2] [...]
26 * localinstall rpmfile1 [rpmfile2] [...]
27 (maintained for legacy reasons only - use install)
28 * localupdate rpmfile1 [rpmfile2] [...]
29 (maintained for legacy reasons only - use update)
30 * reinstall package1 [package2] [...]
31 * downgrade package1 [package2] [...]
32 * deplist package1 [package2] [...]
33 * repolist [all|enabled|disabled]
34 * version [ all | installed | available | group-* | nogroups* | grouplist | groupinfo ]
35 * history [info|list|packages-list|packages-info|summary|addon-info|redo|undo|rollback|new|sync|stats]
36 * check
37 * help [command]
38
39 显示仓库列表：
40 repolist [all|enabled|disabled]
41
42 显示程序包：
43 list
44 # yum list [all | glob_exp1] [glob_exp2] [...]
45 # yum list {available|installed|updates} [glob_exp1] [...]
46
47 安装程序包：
48 install package1 [package2] [...]
49 举例：[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install lrzsz
50 reinstall package1 [package2] [...] (重新安装)
51
52 升级程序包：
53 update [package1] [package2] [...]
54 举例：[root@localhost ~]# yum update lzrsz
55 downgrade package1 [package2] [...] (降级)
56
57 检查可用升级：
58 check-update
59
60 卸载程序包：
61 remove | erase package1 [package2] [...]
62 举例：[root@localhost ~]# yum update lzrsz
63 查看程序包information：
64 info [...]
65
66 查看指定的特性(可以是某文件)是由哪个程序包所提供：
67 provides | whatprovides feature1 [feature2] [...]
68
69 清理本地缓存：
70 clean [headers|packages|metadata|dbcache|plugins|expire-cache|all]
71
72 构建缓存：
73 makecache
74
75 搜索：
76 search string1 [string2] [...]
77
78 以指定的关键字搜索程序包名及summary信息；
79
80 查看指定包所依赖的capabilities：
81 deplist package1 [package2] [...]
82
83 查看yum事务历史：
84 history [info|list|packages-list|packages-info|summary|addon-info|redo|undo|rollback|new|sync|stats]
85
86 安装及升级本地程序包：
87 * localinstall rpmfile1 [rpmfile2] [...]
88 (maintained for legacy reasons only - use install)
89 * localupdate rpmfile1 [rpmfile2] [...]
90 (maintained for legacy reasons only - use update)
91
92 包组管理的相关命令：
93 * groupinstall group1 [group2] [...]
94 * groupupdate group1 [group2] [...]
95 * grouplist [hidden] [groupwildcard] [...]
96 * groupremove group1 [group2] [...]
97 * groupinfo group1 [...]
98
99 如何使用光盘当作本地yum仓库：
100 (1) 挂载光盘至某目录，例如/media/cdrom
101 # mount -r -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /media/cdrom
102 (2) 创建配置文件
103 [CentOS7]
104 name=
105 baseurl=
106 gpgcheck=
107 enabled=
108
109 yum的命令行选项：
110 --nogpgcheck：禁止进行gpg check；
111 -y: 自动回答为“yes”；
112 -q：静默模式；
113 --disablerepo=repoidglob：临时禁用此处指定的repo；
114 --enablerepo=repoidglob：临时启用此处指定的repo；
115 --noplugins：禁用所有插件；
116
117 yum的repo配置文件中可用的变量：
118 $releasever: 当前OS的发行版的主版本号；
119 $arch: 平台；
120 $basearch：基础平台；
121 $YUM0-$YUM9
122
123 [base]
124 name=Chaoge repo
125 baseurl=http://chaoge.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/ #使用变量替换，就很方便了
126 baseurl=http://chaoge.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/
127 baseurl=http://chaoge.com/centos/5/os/x86_64/
128 gpgcheck=0
