centos7实现远程免密码登录，并用alias命令简化登录名

SOST1主机IP：192.168.60.231

HOST2主机IP：192.168.60.234

我们用host1去免密连接host2

1、在host1上使用ssh-keygen产生公钥私钥对（全程配置都在host1上，过程中只要输入host2的密码）

[root@localhost ~]# ssh-keygen #一路回车即可
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): 
/root/.ssh/id_rsa already exists.
Overwrite (y/n)? 

 

用ssh-copy-id将公钥复制到远程机器中

 

[root@localhost ~]# ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub 192.168.60.234
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
root@192.168.60.234's password:   #输入HOST2的root密码

Number of key(s) added: 1

Now try logging into the machine, with:   "ssh '192.168.60.234'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.

 

到这里，我们用秘钥登录设置已经成功了，可以用输入ssh root@192.168.60.234此时已经不用输入密码了，（这边如果有连接host2，请输入exit退出后在继续下面的步骤）接下来我们用alias简化机制将ssh root@192.168.60.234简化成host2

 

[root@localhost .ssh]# alias 
alias cp='cp -i'
alias egrep='egrep --color=auto'
alias fgrep='fgrep --color=auto'
alias grep='grep --color=auto'
alias host2='ssh root@192.168.60.234'
alias l.='ls -d .* --color=auto'
alias ll='ls -l --color=auto'
alias ls='ls --color=auto'
alias mv='mv -i'
alias rm='rm -i'
alias which='alias | /usr/bin/which --tty-only --read-alias --show-dot --show-tilde'
[root@localhost .ssh]# alias host2='ssh root@192.168.60.234'#照葫芦画瓢

[root@localhost .ssh]# host2  #此时已经登录host2了，如果两个服务器名称一样可以ifconfig查看ip，输入exit可以退出远程。
Last login: Tue Dec  1 11:54:17 2020 from 192.168.60.231
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.60.234  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.60.255
        inet6 fe80::c0ca:33ff:fea9:6a14  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether c2:ca:33:a9:6a:14  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 26362197  bytes 3009246913 (2.8 GiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 17414  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 49342  bytes 3961048 (3.7 MiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 6059  bytes 562852 (549.6 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 6059  bytes 562852 (549.6 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0