安装及创建python虚拟环境

有点气，是真的有点气，以为安装错误了，没想到是命令问题

参考链接：

https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/1176291

https://www.cnblogs.com/belic/p/python_virtualenv.html

https://www.cnblogs.com/zdz8207/p/3793246.html

 

首先，我是用子用户安装的，发现没有权限，开通权限安装好了，最后还是要root才能创建虚拟环境，所以我觉得可以一开始就用root安装

背景是阿里云端，centos7系统

先说明，因为之前安装过其他包，openssl已经装过了，pip也更新过了

 

pip3 install virtualenv

pip3 install virtualenvwrapper

mkdir /virtualenvs

遇到了一个问题。home/wang目录下不能创建文件夹，说是permission denied

对当前用户增加读写权限，对于目录/home/wang

chmod +wx /home/wang

 

linux还需要安装一个包，否则找不到virtualenvwrapper.sh文件

yum install python-virtualenv -y

这是原文说的，但我并没有出现这个问题

 

首选找到对应的virtualenvwrapper.sh文件的路径：

[root@localhost ~]# find / -name virtualenvwrapper.sh
/usr/local/python3/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh

我的位置也是一样

 

找到路径之后在/etc/profile中进行配置：

vim /etc/profile

export WORKON_HOME=/virtualenvs
source /usr/local/python3/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh

第一行：virtualenvwrapper存放虚拟环境目录

第二行：virtrualenvwrapper会安装到python的bin目录下，所以该路径是python安装目录下

 

读入配置文件，立即生效

[root@localhost virtualenvs]# source /etc/profile

报错：

/usr/bin/python: No module named virtualenvwrapper

找到这个文件：vim /usr/local/python3/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh

然后修改

➜ ~ vim /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh ...

47 # Locate the global Python where virtualenvwrapper is installed.

48 if [ "${VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON:-}" = "" ]

49 then

50 VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON="$(command \which python)"

51 fi

第50行，"$(command \which python)"改成"$(command \which python3)"

 

把第50行最后的which python 改成which python3

然后我创建虚拟环境　mkvirtualenv

cd /virtualenvs

mkvirtualenv venv1

 

显示：

[wang@izm5e47qpndp7jfqjxvf13z virtualenvs]$ source /etc/profile
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/virtualenvs/premkproject
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/virtualenvs/initialize

 

[wang@izm5e47qpndp7jfqjxvf13z virtualenvs]$ mkvirtualenv --python=/usr/local/python3/bin/python3.5 venv1
Already using interpreter /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.5
Using base prefix '/usr/local/python3'
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/bin/virtualenv", line 10, in <module>
sys.exit(main())
File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.5/site-packages/virtualenv.py", line 793, in main
symlink=options.symlink,
File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.5/site-packages/virtualenv.py", line 1071, in create_environment
install_python(home_dir, lib_dir, inc_dir, bin_dir, site_packages=site_packages, clear=clear, symlink=symlink)
File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.5/site-packages/virtualenv.py", line 1344, in install_python
mkdir(lib_dir)
File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.5/site-packages/virtualenv.py", line 389, in mkdir
os.makedirs(at_path)
File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.5/os.py", line 231, in makedirs
makedirs(head, mode, exist_ok)
File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.5/os.py", line 231, in makedirs
makedirs(head, mode, exist_ok)
File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.5/os.py", line 241, in makedirs
mkdir(name, mode)
PermissionError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/home/virtualenvs/venv1'

 

行吧，这里的权限怎么调都不对，都是deny，那我换成root好吧

但是！不管怎么着，我就是报错说mkvirtualenv这个命令不可用

cd virtualenvs
virtualenv --no-site-packages venv1

启用虚拟环境

cd venv1
source bin/activate

 

(venv) [wang@izm5e47qpndp7jfqjxvf13z venv]$ 

 

吃瓜吃瓜