作者:ssslinppp 时间:2015年5月26日 15:32:51
1. 摘要
本文讲解如何利用spring MVC框架,实现ajax异步请求以及json数据的返回。
Spring MVC与json参考文章:【spring学习笔记-mvc-3】返回json数据-方式1 和 【spring学习笔记-mvc-4】返回json数据-方式2。
使用到的技术主要如下:
- Ajax:使用JQuery 提供的ajax;==>需要引入jquery.min.js文件;
- Spring MVC;
- Json:提供两种方式返回json数据;
2. 项目结构
3. 前端
前台主界面:
文件位置: 浏览器界面:
<%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://" + request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort() + path + "/";
response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");
response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);
%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<title>SpringMVC+ajax+json</title>
<script type="text/javascript">var basePath = "<%=basePath%>";</script>
<%-- <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="<%=basePath%>js/easyui/demo.css"> --%>
<script type="text/javascript" src="<%=basePath%>js/JQuery/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="<%=basePath%>js/test/ajaxAndJson.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div style="padding:5px 0;">
<p>方式1</p>
<a href="#" class="easyui-linkbutton" onclick="loadData1()" data-options="iconCls:'icon-add'">ajax异步获取json数据</a>
</div>
<div style="margin:10px 0 20px 0;"></div>
<div style="padding:5px 0;">
<p>方式2</p>
<a href="#" class="easyui-linkbutton" onclick="loadData2()" data-options="iconCls:'icon-add'">ajax异步获取json数据</a>
</div>
</body>
</html>
ajaxAndJson.js文件==>具体的ajax请求
function loadData1() {
var actionUrl = basePath + "test/testMVC1.action";
var params = {
"username" : 'zhangSan',
'passwd' : '12345678'
};
$.ajax({
url : actionUrl,
data : params,
dataType : "json",
cache : false,
error : function(textStatus, errorThrown) {
// $.messager.alert('错误', "系统请求错误: " + textStatus, 'error');
alert("系统请求错误: " + textStatus);
},
success : function(data, textStatus) {
// $.messager.alert('系统提示', data.username+data.passwd ,'info');
alert(data.username+data.passwd );
}
});
}
function loadData2() {
var actionUrl = basePath + "test/testMVC2.action";
var params = {
"username" : 'lisi',
'passwd' : '888888'
};
$.ajax({
url : actionUrl,
data : params,
dataType : "json",
cache : false,
error : function(textStatus, errorThrown) {
// $.messager.alert('错误', "系统请求错误: " + textStatus, 'error');
alert("系统请求错误: " + textStatus);
},
success : function(data, textStatus) {
// $.messager.alert('系统提示', data.Info+", "+data.userList[1].username ,'info');
alert(data.Info+", "+data.userList[1].username);
}
});
}
4. spring mvc配置文件
web.xml
<web-app id="WebApp_ID" version="2.4"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/rest/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
spring-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">
<!-- 扫描web包,应用Spring的注解 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.ll.web"/>
<!-- 配置视图解析器,将ModelAndView及字符串解析为具体的页面,默认优先级最低 -->
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
p:viewClass="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"
p:prefix="/jsp/"
p:suffix=".jsp" />
<!-- bean视图解析器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.BeanNameViewResolver"
p:order="10" />
<!-- XMl及JSON视图解析器配置 -->
<bean id="testMVC"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.json.MappingJacksonJsonView">
<property name="renderedAttributes">
<set>
<value>userList</value>
<value>Info</value>
</set>
</property>
</bean>
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
</beans>
applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd">
<!-- 扫描类包,将标注Spring注解的类自动转化Bean,同时完成Bean的注入 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.ll.service"/>
<context:component-scan base-package="com.ll.dao"/>
</beans>
5. 控制器
AjaxController.java
package com.ll.web;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import com.ll.model.Person;
@Controller
@RequestMapping(value = "/test")
public class AjaxController {
/**
* 返回主页
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "/index.action")
public String index() {
return "index";
}
/**
* 方式1:
* 使用@ResponseBody方式返回json数据
* @param username
* @param passwd
* @return
*/
@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping(value = "/testMVC1.action")
public Person testAjax(String username,String passwd) {
System.out.println("ajax-使用@ResponseBody方式返回json数据==>" + username + "(" + passwd + ")");
return new Person(username,passwd);
}
/**
* 方式2:
* 使用MappingJacksonJsonView和bean视图解析器返回json数据
* @param mm
* @param username
* @param passwd
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "/testMVC2.action")
public String getFusionChartsData(ModelMap mm,String username,String passwd) {
System.out.println("ajax-使用MappingJacksonJsonView和bean视图解析器返回json数据==>" + username + "(" + passwd + ")");
Person p1 = new Person(username+"_1",passwd+"_*1");
Person p2 = new Person(username+"_2",passwd+"_*2");
List<Person> userList = new ArrayList<Person>();
userList.add(p1);
userList.add(p2);
mm.addAttribute("userList", userList);
mm.addAttribute("Info","测试spring MVC");
return "testMVC";
}
}
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