Centos7 yum部署单机kubernetes集群

kubernetes有多种部署方式，目前主流的方式有kubeadm、minikube、二进制包

• minikube：一个用于快速搭建单节点kubernetes的工具
• kubeadm：一个用于快速搭建kubernetes集群的工具
• 二进制包 ：从官网下载每个组件的二进制包，依次去安装，此方式对于理解kubernetes组件更加有效

一、Minikube

1、安装docker-ce，使用阿里云镜像

PS：此步骤三台服务器上均部署
安装教程：https://developer.aliyun.com/mirror/docker-ce

[root@k8s-master ~]# yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2

[root@k8s-master ~]# yum-config-manager --add-repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

[root@k8s-master ~]# sed -i 's+download.docker.com+mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce+' /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo

[root@k8s-master ~]#  yum -y install docker-ce

[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl enable --now  docker.service

2、安装minikube

获取地址：https://github.com/kubernetes/minikube/releases/tag/v1.25.2

[root@k8s-master ~]# wget -c https://github.com/kubernetes/minikube/releases/download/v1.25.2/minikube-1.25.2-0.x86_64.rpm

[root@k8s-master ~]# scp minikube-1.25.2-0.x86_64.rpm 192.168.11.106:$PWD    
[root@k8s-master ~]# scp minikube-1.25.2-0.x86_64.rpm 192.168.11.107:$PWD

[root@k8s-master ~]# rpm -ivh minikube-1.25.2-0.x86_64.rpm 

[root@k8s-master ~]# minikube  version
minikube version: v1.25.2
commit: 362d5fdc0a3dbee389b3d3f1034e8023e72bd3a7

安装完成之后运行启动命令minikube start --force --driver=docker --image-repository=http://registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers

[root@k8s-master ~]# minikube start --force --driver=docker --image-repository=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers

3、安装kubectl

[root@k8s-master ~]# curl -Lo kubectl    http://kubernetes.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/kubernetes-release/release/v1.22.1/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl

[root@k8s-node02 ~]# ll
total 61792
-rw-------. 1 root root     1428 Dec 30 22:07 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r--  1 root root 46907392 Jun 18 20:19 kubectl
-rw-r--r--  1 root root 16360927 Jun 18 19:55 minikube-1.25.2-0.x86_64.rpm
[root@k8s-node02 ~]# mv kubectl /usr/bin/
[root@k8s-node02 ~]# chmod a+x /usr/bin/kubectl

检查版本

检查pods

四、常用命令
minikube 常用命令
# 检查安装结果
[root@k8s-master ~]# minikube status
minikube
type: Control Plane
host: Running
kubelet: Running
apiserver: Running
kubeconfig: Configured

[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl version
Client Version: version.Info{Major:"1", Minor:"22", GitVersion:"v1.22.1", GitCommit:"632ed300f2c34f6d6d15ca4cef3d3c7073412212", GitTreeState:"clean", BuildDate:"2021-08-19T15:45:37Z", GoVersion:"go1.16.7", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"linux/amd64"}
Server Version: version.Info{Major:"1", Minor:"23", GitVersion:"v1.23.3", GitCommit:"816c97ab8cff8a1c72eccca1026f7820e93e0d25", GitTreeState:"clean", BuildDate:"2022-01-25T21:19:12Z", GoVersion:"go1.17.6", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"linux/amd64"}

[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl get nodes
NAME       STATUS   ROLES                  AGE   VERSION
minikube   Ready    control-plane,master   21m   v1.23.3

[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl get pods -A
NAMESPACE     NAME                               READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
kube-system   coredns-65c54cc984-tbfp8           1/1     Running   0          22m
kube-system   etcd-minikube                      1/1     Running   0          22m
kube-system   kube-apiserver-minikube            1/1     Running   0          22m
kube-system   kube-controller-manager-minikube   1/1     Running   0          22m
kube-system   kube-proxy-4g2qq                   1/1     Running   0          22m
kube-system   kube-scheduler-minikube            1/1     Running   0          22m
kube-system   storage-provisioner                1/1     Running   0          22m

# 查询运行的 pod
[root@k8s-master ~]# minikube kubectl -- get pod -A 
NAMESPACE     NAME                               READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
kube-system   coredns-65c54cc984-tbfp8           1/1     Running   0          23m
kube-system   etcd-minikube                      1/1     Running   0          23m
kube-system   kube-apiserver-minikube            1/1     Running   0          23m
kube-system   kube-controller-manager-minikube   1/1     Running   0          23m
kube-system   kube-proxy-4g2qq                   1/1     Running   0          23m
kube-system   kube-scheduler-minikube            1/1     Running   0          23m
kube-system   storage-provisioner                1/1     Running   0          23m

# 挂起虚拟机
[root@k8s-master ~]# minikube pause
* Pausing node minikube ... 
* Paused 14 containers in: kube-system, kubernetes-dashboard, storage-gluster, istio-operator

# 停止虚拟机
minikube stop

# 修改虚拟机内存配置
minikube config set memory 16384

# 查看 minikube 的安装目录列表
minikube addons list

# 启动 dashboard 控制台
minikube dashboard
curl 127.0.0.1:23341

# 删除所有 minikube 虚拟机
minikube delete --all

# 部署目录
/var/lib/kubelet
/var/lib/minikube

# 使用minikube导入镜像,当本地镜像总是无法找到时，可以留意这个这种方式
minikube load xxx.tar

# 启动minikube
minikube start --force --driver=docker --image-repository=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/go

k8s 常用命令
# 创建带有终端的 Pod，并进入(后续测试用)
kubectl run busybox --image=busybox -it

# 部署 app 进行测试
kubectl run nginx02 --image=nginx
kubectl run hello-minikube --image=k8s.gcr.io/echoserver:1.4 --port=8081

# deployment
kubectl create deployment hello-minikube --image=k8s.gcr.io/echoserver:1.4
kubectl expose deployment hello-minikube --type=NodePort --port=8080
kubectl get service hello-minikube

# 使用 minikube 访问服务
minikube service hello-minikube

# 使用端口映射访问服务
kubectl port-forward service/hello-minikube 7080:8080
curl http://localhost:7080/

# 使用 LB 类型的 deployment 测试
kubectl create deployment balanced --image=k8s.gcr.io/echoserver:1.4  
kubectl expose deployment balanced --type=LoadBalancer --port=8080
minikube tunnel
kubectl get services balanced