struts1.x完整实例
1、简介
struts是WEB程序MVC分层架构中的C,属于控制层,主要进行处理用户的请求,基于请求驱动。获取用户的请求地址并将表单中的数据封装到Form对象后交给Action进行处理。在Action中进行条用业务层处理具体的请求后将结果通过ActionMapping封装跳转地址返回给用户。struts是对servlet的再次封装,使得更加灵活高效。下面以一个登录的实例讲解struts的开发过程。
2、在新建的web工程中添加以下struts1.x jar包
antlr-2.7.6.jar、commons-beanutils.jar、commons-digester.jar、commons-fileupload.jar、commons-logging-1.0.4.jar、commons-validator.jar、jakarta-oro.jar、struts.jar。
3、web.xml进行如下配置
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
- <display-name>MyStruts1Prj</display-name>
- <servlet>
- <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
- <servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>config</param-name>
- <param-value>/WEB-INF/conf/struts-config.xml</param-value>
- </init-param>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>debug</param-name>
- <param-value>3</param-value>
- </init-param>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>detail</param-name>
- <param-value>3</param-value>
- </init-param>
- <load-on-startup>0</load-on-startup>
- </servlet>
- <servlet-mapping>
- <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
- <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
- </servlet-mapping>
- <welcome-file-list>
- <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
- </welcome-file-list>
- </web-app>
4、新建登陆页面login.jsp
- <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
- pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
- <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
- <html>
- <head>
- <%
- String basePath = request.getContextPath();
- %>
- <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
- <title>登陆页面</title>
- </head>
- <body>
- <h1>登陆页面</h1>
- <hr>
- <form action="<%=basePath %>/login.do" method="post" >
- userName:<input id="userName" name="userName" type="text" /><br>
- passWord:<input id="passWord" name="passWord" type="password" /><br>
- <input type="submit" id="submit" name="submit" value="submit" />
- </form>
- </body>
- </html>
5、新建登陆成功后的跳转页面loginSucces.jsp
- <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
- pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
- <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
- <html>
- <head>
- <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
- <title>登陆成功页面</title>
- </head>
- <body>
- <h1>欢迎[<%=request.getAttribute("userName") %>]登陆成功!</h1>
- </body>
- </html>
6、新建登陆失败后的跳转页面loginError.jsp
- <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
- pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
- <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
- <html>
- <head>
- <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
- <title>登陆失败页面</title>
- </head>
- <body>
- <h1>登陆失败!</h1>
- </body>
- </html>
7、新建LoginActionForm.Java
- package com.lanp.webapp.form;
- import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
- /**
- * 封装登陆表单数据的FORM类
- * @author LanP
- * @since 2012年4月11日23:07:09
- * @version v1.0
- */
- @SuppressWarnings("serial")
- public class LoginActionForm extends ActionForm {
- private String userName;
- private String passWord;
- public String getUserName() {
- return userName;
- }
- public void setUserName(String userName) {
- this.userName = userName;
- }
- public String getPassWord() {
- return passWord;
- }
- public void setPassWord(String passWord) {
- this.passWord = passWord;
- }
- }
8、新建LoginAction.java
- package com.lanp.webapp.action;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
- import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
- import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
- import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
- import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
- import com.lanp.webapp.form.LoginActionForm;
- /**
- * 处理登陆的Action类
- * @author LanP
- * @since 2012年4月11日23:07:09
- * @version v1.0
- */
- public class LoginAction extends Action {
- @Override
- public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
- HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
- throws Exception {
- String path = "error";
- LoginActionForm loginActionForm = (LoginActionForm)form;
- String userName = loginActionForm.getUserName();
- String passWord = loginActionForm.getPassWord();
- if(null != userName && "admin".equals(userName) && null != passWord && "admin".equals(passWord)) {
- path = "success";
- request.setAttribute("userName", userName);
- } else {
- path = "error";
- }
- return mapping.findForward(path);
- }
- }
9、配置struts-config.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.2//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-config_1_2.dtd">
- <struts-config>
- <form-beans>
- <form-bean name="loginActionForm" type="com.lanp.webapp.form.LoginActionForm">
- </form-bean>
- </form-beans>
- <action-mappings>
- <action path="/login"
- type="com.lanp.webapp.action.LoginAction"
- name="loginActionForm"
- scope="request">
- <forward name="success" path="/jsp/loginSucces.jsp" />
- <forward name="error" path="/jsp/loginError.jsp" />
- </action>
- </action-mappings>
- </struts-config>