UPD通信

一、UDP通信

udp是无链接的，启动服务之后可以直接接受消息，不需要提前建立链接

二、UDP基本使用

server：

import socket

server = socket.socket(type=socket.SOCK_DGRAM)  # UDP协议
server.bind(('127.0.0.1',8080))
# UDP不需要设置半连接池 它也没有半连接池的概念

# 因为没有双向通道  不需要accept  直接就是通信循环
while True:
    data, addr = server.recvfrom(1024)
    print('数据:',data)  # 客户端发来的消息
    print('地址:',addr)  # 客户端的地址
    server.sendto(data.upper(),addr)

client：

import socket

client = socket.socket(type=socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
# 不需要建立连接  直接进入通信循环
server_address = ('127.0.0.1',8080)
while True:
    client.sendto(b'hello',server_address)
    data, addr = client.recvfrom(1024)
    print('服务端发来的数据',data)
    print('服务端的地址',addr)

三、TCP与UDP之间的区别

数据报协议(自带报头)，所以不会有粘包问题

server：

import socket


server = socket.socket(type=socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
server.bind(('127.0.0.1',8080))


# while True:
data, addr = server.recvfrom(1024)
print(data)
data, addr1 = server.recvfrom(1024)
print(data)
data, addr2 = server.recvfrom(1024)
print(data)

　　client：

import socket

client = socket.socket(type=socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
server_address = ('127.0.0.1',8080)

client.sendto(b'what u doing?',server_address)
client.sendto(b'what u doing?',server_address)
client.sendto(b'what u doing?',server_address)

四、socketserver模块

　　TCP协议中的使用：

　　server：

import socketserver

class MyServer(socketserver.BaseRequestHandler):
    def handle(self):
        while True:
            data = self.request.recv(1024)
            print(self.client_address) #客户端地址
            print(data.decode('utf-8'))
            self.request.send(data.upper())

if __name__ == '__main__':
    '''
    只要有客户端连接，会自动交给自定义类中的handle方法去处理
    '''
    server = socketserver.ThreadingTCPServer(('127.0.0.1',8080),MyServer)#创建
    server.serve_forever() #启动该服务对象

　　client：

import socket

client = socket.socket()
client.connect(('127.0.0.1',8080))

while True:
    client.send(b'hello')
    data = client.recv(1024)
    print(data.decode('utf-8'))

UDP协议中的使用：

server：

import socketserver

class MyServer(socketserver.BaseRequestHandler):
    def handle(self):
        while True:
            data,sock = self.request
            print(self.client_address)#客户端的地址
            print(data.decode('utf-8'))
            sock.sendto(data.upper(),self.client_address)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    '''
    只要有客户端连接 会自动交给自定义的handle方法去处理
    '''
    server = socketserver.ThreadingUDPServer(('127.0.0.1',8080),MyServer) #创建一个基于TCP的对象
    server.serve_forever() #启动该服务对象

　　client：

import socket
import time

client = socket.socket(type = socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
server_address = ('127.0.0.1',8080)

while True:
    client.sendto(b'hey boy',server_address)
    data,addr = client.recvfrom(1024)
    print(data.decode('utf-8'),addr)
    time.sleep(1)

五、实现一个简易版本的QQ

server：

import socket
server = socket.socket(type=socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
server.bind(('127.0.0.1',8080))

while True:
    data,addr = server.recvfrom(1024)
    print(data.decode('utf-8'))
    msg = input('>>>: ').strip()
    server.sendto(msg.encode('utf-8'),addr)

　　client1：

import socket

client = socket.socket(type=socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
server_address = ('192.168.12.58',8080)

while True:
    msg = input('>>>:')
    msg = "来自客户端1的消息: %s"%msg
    client.sendto(msg.encode('utf-8'),server_address)
    data,addr = client.recvfrom(1024)
    print(data.decode('utf-8'))

　　client2：

import socket

client = socket.socket(type=socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
server_address = ('192.168.12.58',8080)

while True:
    msg = input('>>>:')
    msg = "来自客户端2的消息: %s"%msg
    client.sendto(msg.encode('utf-8'),server_address)
    data,addr = client.recvfrom(1024)
    print(data.decode('utf-8'))

　　client3:

import socket

client = socket.socket(type=socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
server_address = ('192.168.12.58',8080)

while True:
    msg = input('>>>:')
    msg = "来自客户端3的消息: %s"%msg
    client.sendto(msg.encode('utf-8'),server_address)
    data,addr = client.recvfrom(1024)
    print(data.decode('utf-8'))