Nginx部署安装

 

#部署前准备工作

#配置阿里云的yum源
yum -y install wget

cd /etc/yum.repos.d/

wget http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

mv CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo.bak

mv Centos-7.repo CentOS-Base.repo

yum clean all

yum makecache

yum update

 

yum -y install wget vim lrzsz make cmake gcc gcc-c++

yum install -y libtool pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel perl-ExtUtils-Embed

useradd nginx -s /sbin/nologin -M

#下载安装包、部署服务

cd /usr/local/src/

wget https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz

tar zxvf nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz

cd nginx-1.16.1/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx-1.16.1 --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module

make && make install

ln -s /usr/local/nginx-1.16.1/ /usr/local/nginx

chown -R nginx.nginx /usr/local/nginx-1.16.1

#常用模块参数
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx-1.24.0/ \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_v2_module \
--with-http_realip_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
--with-pcre \
--with-stream \
--with-stream_ssl_module \
--with-stream_realip_module

Configuration summary
  + using system PCRE library
  + using system OpenSSL library
  + using system zlib library

  nginx path prefix: "/usr/local/nginx-1.16.1"
  nginx binary file: "/usr/local/nginx-1.16.1/sbin/nginx"
  nginx modules path: "/usr/local/nginx-1.16.1/modules"
  nginx configuration prefix: "/usr/local/nginx-1.16.1/conf"
  nginx configuration file: "/usr/local/nginx-1.16.1/conf/nginx.conf"
  nginx pid file: "/usr/local/nginx-1.16.1/logs/nginx.pid"
  nginx error log file: "/usr/local/nginx-1.16.1/logs/error.log"
  nginx http access log file: "/usr/local/nginx-1.16.1/logs/access.log"
  nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp"
  nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp"
  nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp"
  nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp"
  nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp"

#启动服务

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

[root@localhost conf]# netstat -lntp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name    
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      4087/nginx: master  

#优化配置文件

#原配置文件
user nginx;
worker_processes  1;
events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }
}

 #优化Nginx服务的worker进程个数

#查看服务cpu核数
grep 'processor' /proc/cpuinfo |wc -l
2
#修改nginx.con中的worker_processes
worker_processes  2;
#修改前默认一个master一个worker process;
[root@localhost conf]# ps aux | grep nginx
root       4087  0.0  0.1  46056  1932 ?        Ss   Apr15   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx     42506  0.0  0.2  46496  2028 ?        S    01:05   0:00 nginx: worker process
#检查配置文件、重载配置文件
[root@localhost conf]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx-1.16.1/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx-1.16.1/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@localhost conf]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
#worker process数量已经变为两个
[root@localhost conf]# ps aux | grep nginx | grep -v "grep"
root       4087  0.0  0.1  45960  1972 ?        Ss   Apr15   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx     42582  0.0  0.1  46396  1940 ?        S    01:31   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     42583  0.0  0.1  46396  1940 ?        S    01:31   0:00 nginx: worker process

#配置Nginx worker进程最大打开文件数

#如果系统没优化过默认很低（我的是1024）
[root@localhost conf]# ulimit -n
1024
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/security/limits.conf
# End of file
root soft nofile 65535
root hard nofile 65535
* soft nofile 65535
* hard nofile 65535
#重新登录或重启系统后查看
[root@localhost ~]# ulimit -n
65535
#接下来修改nginx配置文件，在核心配置区中加入以下配置，保存后重载nginx
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;

 #调整Nginx单个进程允许的客户端最大连接数（在核心配置区中加入以下配置，保存后重载nginx）

 worker_connections  20480;

#根据系统的最大打开文件数来调整，worker_connections进程连接数量要小于等于系统的最大打开文件数

 #隐藏版本号（在http标签中加入以下配置并重载配置文件）

server_tokens off;

#关闭前
[root@localhost conf]# curl -I 127.0.0.1
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx1.16
Date: Thu, 16 Apr 2020 02:57:50 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
#关闭后
[root@localhost conf]# curl -I 127.0.0.1
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx
Date: Thu, 16 Apr 2020 03:13:55 GMT
Content-Type: text/html

 #设置nginx连接超时时间（在http标签中加入以下配置并重载配置文件）

keepalive_timeout  60;