微信公众平台开发—利用OAuth2.0获取微信用户基本信息
1、首先在某微信平台下配置OAuth2.0授权回调页面:
2、通过appid构造url获取微信回传code值(appid可在微信平台下找到)
1)、微信不弹出授权页面url:
A、code回传到页面wxProcess2.aspx,不带参数
- Response.Redirect("https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?appid=" + appid + "&redirect_uri=http://localhost:8888/wxProcess2.aspx&response_type=code&scope=snsapi_base&state=1#wechat_redirect");
B、code回传到页面wxProcess2.aspx,带参数reurl,即wxProcess2.aspx获得code的同时,也能获取reurl的值,具体如下:
- Response.Redirect("https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?appid=" + appid + "&redirect_uri=http://localhost:8888/wxProcess2.aspx?reurl=" + reurl + "&response_type=code&scope=snsapi_base&state=1#wechat_redirect");
2)、微信弹出授权页面url:需要用户授权,才能获取code及后面需要获取的用户信息
- Response.Redirect("https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?appid=" + appid + "&redirect_uri=http://localhost:8888/wxProcess2.aspx?reurl=" + reurl + "&response_type=code&scope=snsapi_userinfo&state=1#wechat_redirect");
说明:微信是否弹出授权页面url的区别只在一个参数scope,不弹出微信授权页面:scope=snsapi_base,弹出微信授权页面:scope=snsapi_userinfo。
微信授权页面如下:
3、通过appid、secret、code构造url,获取微信用户的openid和access token。appid、secret可在微信平台下找到,code已在上面方法中获取并回传。具体访问url:
- https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/access_token?appid=" + appid + "&secret=" + appsecret + "&code=" + Code + "&grant_type=authorization_code
4、通过openid、access token获取用户信息,具体访问url:
- https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/userinfo?access_token=" + REFRESH_TOKEN + "&openid=" + OPENID
说明:主要通过访问微信的3个url地址并回传数据,获取微信用户基本信息
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具体代码:
1、获取微信code处理页面:wxProcess.aspx
- protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
- {
- if (!IsPostBack)
- {
- string reurl = "";
- //传递参数,获取用户信息后,可跳转到自己定义的页面,想怎么处理就怎么处理
- if (Request.QueryString["reurl"] != null && Request.QueryString["reurl"] != "")
- {
- reurl = Request.QueryString["reurl"].ToString();
- }
- else
- {
- reurl = "http://www.csdn.net";
- }
- string code = "";
- //弹出授权页面(如在不弹出授权页面基础下未获得openid,则弹出授权页面,提示用户授权)
- if (Request.QueryString["auth"] != null && Request.QueryString["auth"] != "" && Request.QueryString["auth"] == "1")
- {
- Response.Redirect("https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?appid=" + appid + "&redirect_uri=http://localhost:8888/wxProcess2.aspx?reurl=" + reurl + "&response_type=code&scope=snsapi_userinfo&state=1#wechat_redirect");
- }
- else
- {
- //不弹出授权页面
- Response.Redirect("https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?appid=" + appid + "&redirect_uri=http://localhost:8888/wxProcess2.aspx?reurl=" + reurl + "&response_type=code&scope=snsapi_base&state=1#wechat_redirect"); }
- }
- }
2、获取微信code值回传到自己的页面wxProcess2.aspx:
- public string reurl = "";
- protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
- {
- if (!IsPostBack)
- {
- //获取从wxProcess.aspx传递过来的跳转地址reurl
- if (Request.QueryString["reurl"] != null && Request.QueryString["reurl"] != "")
- {
- reurl = Request.QueryString["reurl"].ToString();
- }
- string code = "";
- if (Request.QueryString["code"] != null && Request.QueryString["code"] != "")
- {
- //获取微信回传的code
- code = Request.QueryString["code"].ToString();
- OAuth_Token Model = Get_token(code); //获取token
- OAuthUser OAuthUser_Model = Get_UserInfo(Model.access_token, Model.openid );
- if(OAuthUser_Model.openid!=null && OAuthUser_Model.openid !="") //已获取得openid及其他信息
- {
- //在页面上输出用户信息
- Response.Write("用户OPENID:" + OAuthUser_Model.openid + "<br>用户昵称:" + OAuthUser_Model.nickname + "<br>性别:" + OAuthUser_Model.sex + "<br>所在省:" + OAuthUser_Model.province + "<br>所在市:" + OAuthUser_Model.city + "<br>所在国家:" + OAuthUser_Model.country + "<br>头像地址:" + OAuthUser_Model.headimgurl + "<br>用户特权信息:" + OAuthUser_Model.privilege);
- //或跳转到自己的页面,想怎么处理就怎么处理
- Response.Redirect(reurl);
- }
- else //未获得openid,回到wxProcess.aspx,访问弹出微信授权页面
- {
- Response.Redirect("wxProcess.aspx?auth=1");
- }
- }
- }
- }
- #region 属性
- public string appid = "wx6669e231bffa123f"; //公众微信平台下可以找到
- public string appsecret = "9d693f7a81236c123464281115p78445"; //公众微信平台下可以找到
- #endregion
- //根据appid,secret,code获取微信openid、access token信息
- protected OAuth_Token Get_token(string Code)
- {
- //获取微信回传的openid、access token
- string Str = GetJson("https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/access_token?appid=" + appid + "&secret=" + appsecret + "&code=" + Code + "&grant_type=authorization_code");
- //微信回传的数据为Json格式,将Json格式转化成对象
- OAuth_Token Oauth_Token_Model = JsonHelper.ParseFromJson<OAuth_Token>(Str);
- return Oauth_Token_Model;
- }
- //刷新Token(好像这个刷新Token没有实际作用)
- protected OAuth_Token refresh_token(string REFRESH_TOKEN)
- {
- string Str = GetJson("https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/refresh_token?appid=" + appid + "&grant_type=refresh_token&refresh_token=" + REFRESH_TOKEN);
- OAuth_Token Oauth_Token_Model = JsonHelper.ParseFromJson<OAuth_Token>(Str);
- return Oauth_Token_Model;
- }
- //根据openid,access token获得用户信息
- protected OAuthUser Get_UserInfo(string REFRESH_TOKEN, string OPENID)
- {
- string Str = GetJson("https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/userinfo?access_token=" + REFRESH_TOKEN + "&openid=" + OPENID);
- OAuthUser OAuthUser_Model = JsonHelper.ParseFromJson<OAuthUser>(Str);
- return OAuthUser_Model;
- }
- //访问微信url并返回微信信息
- protected string GetJson(string url)
- {
- WebClient wc = new WebClient();
- wc.Credentials = CredentialCache.DefaultCredentials;
- wc.Encoding = Encoding.UTF8;
- string returnText = wc.DownloadString(url);
- if (returnText.Contains("errcode"))
- {
- //可能发生错误
- }
- return returnText;
- }
- /// <summary>
- /// token类
- /// </summary>
- public class OAuth_Token
- {
- public OAuth_Token()
- {
- //
- //TODO: 在此处添加构造函数逻辑
- //
- }
- //access_token 网页授权接口调用凭证,注意:此access_token与基础支持的access_token不同
- //expires_in access_token接口调用凭证超时时间,单位(秒)
- //refresh_token 用户刷新access_token
- //openid 用户唯一标识,请注意,在未关注公众号时,用户访问公众号的网页,也会产生一个用户和公众号唯一的OpenID
- //scope 用户授权的作用域,使用逗号(,)分隔
- public string _access_token;
- public string _expires_in;
- public string _refresh_token;
- public string _openid;
- public string _scope;
- public string access_token
- {
- set { _access_token = value; }
- get { return _access_token; }
- }
- public string expires_in
- {
- set { _expires_in = value; }
- get { return _expires_in; }
- }
- public string refresh_token
- {
- set { _refresh_token = value; }
- get { return _refresh_token; }
- }
- public string openid
- {
- set { _openid = value; }
- get { return _openid; }
- }
- public string scope
- {
- set { _scope = value; }
- get { return _scope; }
- }
- }
- /// <summary>
- /// 用户信息类
- /// </summary>
- public class OAuthUser
- {
- public OAuthUser()
- { }
- #region 数据库字段
- private string _openID;
- private string _searchText;
- private string _nickname;
- private string _sex;
- private string _province;
- private string _city;
- private string _country;
- private string _headimgUrl;
- private string _privilege;
- #endregion
- #region 字段属性
- /// <summary>
- /// 用户的唯一标识
- /// </summary>
- public string openid
- {
- set { _openID = value; }
- get { return _openID; }
- }
- /// <summary>
- ///
- /// </summary>
- public string SearchText
- {
- set { _searchText = value; }
- get { return _searchText; }
- }
- /// <summary>
- /// 用户昵称
- /// </summary>
- public string nickname
- {
- set { _nickname = value; }
- get { return _nickname; }
- }
- /// <summary>
- /// 用户的性别,值为1时是男性,值为2时是女性,值为0时是未知
- /// </summary>
- public string sex
- {
- set { _sex = value; }
- get { return _sex; }
- }
- /// <summary>
- /// 用户个人资料填写的省份
- /// </summary>
- public string province
- {
- set { _province = value; }
- get { return _province; }
- }
- /// <summary>
- /// 普通用户个人资料填写的城市
- /// </summary>
- public string city
- {
- set { _city = value; }
- get { return _city; }
- }
- /// <summary>
- /// 国家,如中国为CN
- /// </summary>
- public string country
- {
- set { _country = value; }
- get { return _country; }
- }
- /// <summary>
- /// 用户头像,最后一个数值代表正方形头像大小(有0、46、64、96、132数值可选,0代表640*640正方形头像),用户没有头像时该项为空
- /// </summary>
- public string headimgurl
- {
- set { _headimgUrl = value; }
- get { return _headimgUrl; }
- }
- /// <summary>
- /// 用户特权信息,json 数组,如微信沃卡用户为(chinaunicom)其实这个格式称不上JSON,只是个单纯数组
- /// </summary>
- public string privilege
- {
- set { _privilege = value; }
- get { return _privilege; }
- }
- #endregion
- }
- /// <summary>
- /// 将Json格式数据转化成对象
- /// </summary>
- public class JsonHelper
- {
- /// <summary>
- /// 生成Json格式
- /// </summary>
- /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
- /// <param name="obj"></param>
- /// <returns></returns>
- public static string GetJson<T>(T obj)
- {
- DataContractJsonSerializer json = new DataContractJsonSerializer(obj.GetType());
- using (MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream())
- {
- json.WriteObject(stream, obj);
- string szJson = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(stream.ToArray()); return szJson;
- }
- }
- /// <summary>
- /// 获取Json的Model
- /// </summary>
- /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
- /// <param name="szJson"></param>
- /// <returns></returns>
- public static T ParseFromJson<T>(string szJson)
- {
- T obj = Activator.CreateInstance<T>();
- using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(szJson)))
- {
- DataContractJsonSerializer serializer = new DataContractJsonSerializer(obj.GetType());
- return (T)serializer.ReadObject(ms);
- }
- }
- }
输出微信用户信息: