数据库db_files参数增大怎么办

前段时间碰到一个数据库的数据文件数(200)达到了数据库定义的参数db_files的值,而原本需要使用alter system可以修改这个参数,但是因为限制该参数的maxdatafiles值(由控制文件定义)仪200,故要想改大db_files参数值,需要重建控制文件,下面是我个人根据实验总结的操作过程。

一、参数察看

$sqlplus /nolog

conn / as sysdba

 

SQL> show parameter db_files;

 

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

db_files                             integer     200

由此可看出db_files值为200,如果数据库中数据文件数达到或超过200,就需要更改该参数了。

更改db_files有两种情况:

1,  如果控制文件中定义的maxdatafiles以及系统允许打开的文件数值大于200,则可以通过alter方式来修改db_files的值

2,  如果控制文件中maxdatafiles值等于200,则需要重建控制文件来修改maxdatafiles值。

察看maxdatafiles方法

SQL>alter database backup controlfile to trace;

$ORACLE_BASE/admin/db_name/udump下面查找最新生成的trc文件

$grep –i MAXDATAFILES boss_ora_4310.trc

MAXDATAFILES 200

MAXDATAFILES 200

系统允许打开文件数可用ulimit –a察看

$ulimit –a

open files                      (-n) 1024

二、修改步骤

1,生成控制文件创建脚本

SQL>alter database backup controlfile to trace;

$ORACLE_BASE/admin/db_name/udump目下新生成的trc文件oracle/admin/boss/udump/boss_ora_4310.trc

根据上述文件创建控制文件生成脚本recreate_control.sql

STARTUP NOMOUNT

CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "BOSS" NORESETLOGS  NOARCHIVELOG

    MAXLOGFILES 16

    MAXLOGMEMBERS 3

    MAXDATAFILES 300     修改MAXDATAFILES

    MAXINSTANCES 8

    MAXLOGHISTORY 292

LOGFILE

  GROUP 1 '/oracle/oradata/boss/redo01.log'  SIZE 50M,

  GROUP 2 '/oracle/oradata/boss/redo02.log'  SIZE 50M,

  GROUP 3 '/oracle/oradata/boss/redo03.log'  SIZE 50M

-- STANDBY LOGFILE

DATAFILE

  '/oracle/oradata/boss/system01.dbf',

  '/oracle/oradata/boss/undotbs01.dbf',

  '/oracle/oradata/boss/sysaux01.dbf',

  '/oracle/oradata/boss/users01.dbf',

  '/oracle/oradata/boss/example01.dbf'

CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK

;

2,关闭数据库

SQL>shutdown

3 备份原有控制文件,删除原有控制文件

备份控制文件

cd /oracle/oradata/boss/

cp control01.ctl control01.ctl.0520

cp control02.ctl control02.ctl.0520

cp control03.ctl control03.ctl.0520

删除控制文件

rm control0*.ctl

4 创建新的控制文件

$sqlplus /nolog

SQL>conn / as sysdba

SQL>@ oracle/admin/boss/udump/recreate_control.sql

ORACLE instance started.

 

Total System Global Area  268435456 bytes

Fixed Size                  1218892 bytes

Variable Size              75499188 bytes

Database Buffers          188743680 bytes

Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes

 

Control file created.

5,使用控制文件恢复

SQL> RECOVER DATABASE USING BACKUP CONTROLFILE

ORA-00279: change 567684 generated at 05/15/2010 00:19:32 needed for thread 1

ORA-00289: suggestion :

/oracle/flash_recovery_area/BOSS/archivelog/2010_05_15/o1_mf_1_3_%u_.arc

ORA-00280: change 567684 for thread 1 is in sequence #3

 

 

Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}

/oracle/oradata/boss/redo01.log

ORA-00310: archived log contains sequence 2; sequence 3 required

ORA-00334: archived log: '/oracle/oradata/boss/redo01.log'

 

 

SQL> RECOVER DATABASE USING BACKUP CONTROLFILE

ORA-00279: change 567684 generated at 05/15/2010 00:19:32 needed for thread 1

ORA-00289: suggestion :

/oracle/flash_recovery_area/BOSS/archivelog/2010_05_15/o1_mf_1_3_%u_.arc

ORA-00280: change 567684 for thread 1 is in sequence #3

 

 

Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}

/oracle/oradata/boss/redo02.log

Log applied.

Media recovery complete.

这里恢复要使用redo在线日志,需要逐个尝试,直到介质恢复成功。

6resetlogs方式启动数据库

SQL> ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS;

Database altered

7,恢复临时表空间

 

SQL> ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE '/oracle/oradata/boss/temp01.dbf'

  2       SIZE 20971520  REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 655360  MAXSIZE 32767M;

 

Tablespace altered.

8,修改参数

SQL> show parameter db_files;

 

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

db_files                             integer     200

 

 

SQL> alter system set db_files=250 scope=spfile;

 

System altered.

 

SQL> shutdown immediate;

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance started.

 

Total System Global Area  268435456 bytes

Fixed Size                  1218892 bytes

Variable Size              75499188 bytes

Database Buffers          188743680 bytes

Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

 

SQL>show parameter db_files

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

db_files                             integer     250

SQL> exit

至此db_files参数修改工作完成

当然,如果控制文件损坏或丢失,也可以使用这种方法来恢复数据库。

posted @ 2010-09-13 00:37  无双的小宝  阅读(6609)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报