Android服务之Service(四)--ASDL传递复杂数据对象
此实例与前面aidl不同之处在于，传递的数据比较复杂，传递了自定义数据对象，本实例使用到了两个数据对象Person和Pet,其中Person是作为远程调用Service传递的参数，Pet是远程Service返回调用端的数据。像Java的RMI需要将数据对象序列化一样，此数据对象也需要序列化，因此android要求远程Service传递的参数和返回值需要实现Parcelable接口。
实例化Parcelable接口不仅需要实例化接口中的方法，而且要求在实现类中定义一个名为CREATOR，类型为Parcelable.Creator的静态Field，还要求使用ASDL代码定义这些数据类型。
首先定义Person和Pet
Person.aidl
parcelable Person;
Person.java
/** * */ package org.crazyit.service; import android.os.Parcel; import android.os.Parcelable; /** * Description: * <br/>网站: <a href="http://www.crazyit.org">疯狂Java联盟</a> * <br/>Copyright (C), 2001-2014, Yeeku.H.Lee * <br/>This program is protected by copyright laws. * <br/>Program Name: * <br/>Date: * @author Yeeku.H.Lee kongyeeku@163.com * @version 1.0 */ public class Person implements Parcelable { private Integer id; private String name; private String pass; public Person() { } public Person(Integer id, String name, String pass) { super(); this.id = id; this.name = name; this.pass = pass; } public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getPass() { return pass; } public void setPass(String pass) { this.pass = pass; } @Override public int hashCode() { final int prime = 31; int result = 1; result = prime * result + ((name == null) ? 0 : name.hashCode()); result = prime * result + ((pass == null) ? 0 : pass.hashCode()); return result; } @Override public boolean equals(Object obj) { if (this == obj) return true; if (obj == null) return false; if (getClass() != obj.getClass()) return false; Person other = (Person) obj; if (name == null) { if (other.name != null) return false; } else if (!name.equals(other.name)) return false; if (pass == null) { if (other.pass != null) return false; } else if (!pass.equals(other.pass)) return false; return true; } @Override public int describeContents() { return 0; } @Override public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) { //把该对象所包含的数据写到Parcel dest.writeInt(id); dest.writeString(name); dest.writeString(pass); } // 添加一个静态成员,名为CREATOR,该对象实现了Parcelable.Creator接口 public static final Parcelable.Creator<Person> CREATOR = new Parcelable.Creator<Person>() { @Override public Person createFromParcel(Parcel source) { // 从Parcel中读取数据，返回Person对象 return new Person(source.readInt(), source.readString() , source.readString()); } @Override public Person[] newArray(int size) { return new Person[size]; } }; }
Pet.aidl
parcelable Pet;
Pet.Java
/** * */ package org.crazyit.service; import android.os.Parcel; import android.os.Parcelable; /** * Description: * <br/>网站: <a href="http://www.crazyit.org">疯狂Java联盟</a> * <br/>Copyright (C), 2001-2014, Yeeku.H.Lee * <br/>This program is protected by copyright laws. * <br/>Program Name: * <br/>Date: * @author Yeeku.H.Lee kongyeeku@163.com * @version 1.0 */ public class Pet implements Parcelable { private String name; private double weight; public Pet() { } public Pet(String name, double weight) { super(); this.name = name; this.weight = weight; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public double getWeight() { return weight; } public void setWeight(double weight) { this.weight = weight; } @Override public int describeContents() { return 0; } /* (non-Javadoc) * @see android.os.Parcelable#writeToParcel(android.os.Parcel, int) */ @Override public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) { //把该对象所包含的数据写到Parcel dest.writeString(name); dest.writeDouble(weight); } // 添加一个静态成员,名为CREATOR,该对象实现了Parcelable.Creator接口 public static final Parcelable.Creator<Pet> CREATOR = new Parcelable.Creator<Pet>() { @Override public Pet createFromParcel(Parcel source) { // 从Parcel中读取数据，返回Person对象 return new Pet(source.readString() , source.readDouble()); } @Override public Pet[] newArray(int size) { return new Pet[size]; } }; @Override public String toString() { return "Pet [name=" + name + ", weight=" + weight + "]"; } }
定义自定义类后，接下来定义通信接口，定义通信接口
IPet.aidl
package org.crazyit.service; import org.crazyit.service.Pet; import org.crazyit.service.Person; /** * Description: * <br/>网站: <a href="http://www.crazyit.org">疯狂Java联盟</a> * <br/>Copyright (C), 2001-2012, Yeeku.H.Lee * <br/>This program is protected by copyright laws. * <br/>Program Name: * <br/>Date: * @author Yeeku.H.Lee kongyeeku@163.com * @version 1.0 */ interface IPet { // 定义一个Person对象作为传入参数 List<Pet> getPets(in Person owner); }
定义好远程通信接口后开始写Service
ComplexService.Java
/** * */ package org.crazyit.service; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import org.crazyit.service.IPet.Stub; import android.app.Service; import android.content.Intent; import android.os.IBinder; import android.os.RemoteException; /** * Description: * <br/>网站: <a href="http://www.crazyit.org">疯狂Java联盟</a> * <br/>Copyright (C), 2001-2014, Yeeku.H.Lee * <br/>This program is protected by copyright laws. * <br/>Program Name: * <br/>Date: * @author Yeeku.H.Lee kongyeeku@163.com * @version 1.0 */ public class ComplexService extends Service { private PetBinder petBinder; private static Map<Person , List<Pet>> pets = new HashMap<Person , List<Pet>>(); static { // 初始化pets Map集合 ArrayList<Pet> list1 = new ArrayList<Pet>(); list1.add(new Pet("旺财" , 4.3)); list1.add(new Pet("来福" , 5.1)); pets.put(new Person(1, "sun" , "sun") , list1); ArrayList<Pet> list2 = new ArrayList<Pet>(); list2.add(new Pet("kitty" , 2.3)); list2.add(new Pet("garfield" , 3.1)); pets.put(new Person(2, "bai" , "bai") , list2); } // 继承Stub，也就是实现额IPet接口，并实现了IBinder接口 public class PetBinder extends Stub { @Override public List<Pet> getPets(Person owner) throws RemoteException { // 返回Service内部的数据 return pets.get(owner); } } @Override public void onCreate() { super.onCreate(); petBinder = new PetBinder(); } @Override public IBinder onBind(Intent arg0) { /* 返回catBinder对象 * 在绑定本地Service的情况下，该catBinder对象会直接 * 传给客户端的ServiceConnection对象 * 的onServiceConnected方法的第二个参数； * 在绑定远程Service的情况下，只将catBinder对象的代理 * 传给客户端的ServiceConnection对象 * 的onServiceConnected方法的第二个参数； */ return petBinder; //① } @Override public void onDestroy() { } }
在AndroidManifest.xml 配置此Service，则此Service已完成
AndroidManifest.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="org.crazyit.service"
android:versionCode="1"
android:versionName="1.0">
<uses-sdk
android:minSdkVersion="10"
android:targetSdkVersion="17" />
<application android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher" android:label="@string/app_name">
<!-- 定义一个Service组件 -->
<service android:name=".ComplexService" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="org.crazyit.aidl.action.COMPLEX_SERVICE" />
</intent-filter>
</service>
</application>
</manifest>
调用端（客户端）
在调用端需要引用服务端的 Person ,Pet两个Java文件，Person，Pet连个aidl文件和IPet.aidl文件。在写一个Service服务调用端程序即可
ComplexClient.Java
package org.crazyit.client; import java.util.List; import org.crazyit.service.IPet; import org.crazyit.service.Person; import org.crazyit.service.Pet; import android.app.Activity; import android.app.Service; import android.content.ComponentName; import android.content.Intent; import android.content.ServiceConnection; import android.os.Bundle; import android.os.IBinder; import android.os.RemoteException; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.widget.ArrayAdapter; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.EditText; import android.widget.ListView; /** * Description: <br/> * site: <a href="http://www.crazyit.org">crazyit.org</a> <br/> * Copyright (C), 2001-2012, Yeeku.H.Lee <br/> * This program is protected by copyright laws. <br/> * Program Name: <br/> * Date: * @author Yeeku.H.Lee kongyeeku@163.com * @version 1.0 */ public class ComplexClient extends Activity { private IPet petService; private Button get; EditText personView; ListView showView; private ServiceConnection conn = new ServiceConnection() { @Override public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name , IBinder service) { // 获取远程Service的onBind方法返回的对象的代理 petService = IPet.Stub.asInterface(service); } @Override public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) { petService = null; } }; @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); personView = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.person); showView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.show); get = (Button) findViewById(R.id.get); // 创建所需绑定的Service的Intent Intent intent = new Intent(); intent.setAction("org.crazyit.aidl.action.COMPLEX_SERVICE"); // 绑定远程Service bindService(intent, conn, Service.BIND_AUTO_CREATE); get.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View arg0) { try { String personName = personView.getText().toString(); // 调用远程Service的方法 List<Pet> pets = petService.getPets(new Person(1, personName, personName)); //① // 将程序返回的List包装成ArrayAdapter ArrayAdapter<Pet> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<Pet>( ComplexClient.this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, pets); showView.setAdapter(adapter); } catch (RemoteException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }); } @Override public void onDestroy() { super.onDestroy(); // 解除绑定 this.unbindService(conn); } }
客户端的AndroidManifest.xml配置较简单
