断点续传

引用:http://blog.csdn.net/wang_shaner/article/details/6293498

(一)断点续传的原理 

  其实断点续传的原理很简单,就是在Http的请求上和一般的下载有所不同而已。打个比方,浏览器请求服务器上的一个文时,所发出的请求如下:

  假设服务器域名为wwww.sjtu.edu.cn,文件名为down.zip。

GET /down.zip HTTP/1.1
Accept: image/gif, image/x-xbitmap, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, application/vnd.ms-
excel, application/msword, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, */*
Accept-Language: zh-cn
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.01; Windows NT 5.0)
Connection: Keep-Alive

 

服务器收到请求后,按要求寻找请求的文件,提取文件的信息,然后返回给浏览器,返回信息如下:

200
Content-Length=106786028
Accept-Ranges=bytes
Date=Mon, 30 Apr 2001 12:56:11 GMT
ETag=W/"02ca57e173c11:95b"
Content-Type=application/octet-stream
Server=Microsoft-IIS/5.0
Last-Modified=Mon, 30 Apr 2001 12:56:11 GMT


  所谓断点续传,也就是要从文件已经下载的地方开始继续下载。所以在客户端浏览器传给
Web服务器的时候要多加一条信息--从哪里开始。

  下面是用自己编的一个"浏览器"来传递请求信息给Web服务器,要求从2000070字节开始。

GET /down.zip HTTP/1.0
User-Agent: NetFox
RANGE: bytes=2000070-
Accept: text/html, image/gif, image/jpeg, *; q=.2, */*; q=.2


  仔细看一下就会发现多了一行RANGE: bytes=2000070-;这一行的意思就是告诉服务器down.zip这个文件从2000070字节开始传,前面的字节不用传了。

  服务器收到这个请求以后,返回的信息如下:

206
Content-Length=106786028
Content-Range=bytes 2000070-106786027/106786028
Date=Mon, 30 Apr 2001 12:55:20 GMT
ETag=W/"02ca57e173c11:95b"
Content-Type=application/octet-stream
Server=Microsoft-IIS/5.0
Last-Modified=Mon, 30 Apr 2001 12:55:20 GMT


  和前面服务器返回的信息比较一下,就会发现增加了一行:

Content-Range=bytes 2000070-106786027/106786028


  返回的代码也改为206了,而不再是200了。

  知道了以上原理,就可以进行断点续传的编程了。

 

 (二)Java 实现断点续传的关键几点 

  (1)用什么方法实现提交RANGE: bytes=2000070-。
当然用最原始的Socket是肯定能完成的,不过那样太费事了,其实Java的net包中提供了这种功能。代码如下:

URL url = new URL(" http://www.sjtu.edu.cn/down.zip";;);
HttpURLConnection httpConnection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection

();
//设置User-Agent
httpConnection.setRequestProperty("User-Agent","NetFox");
//设置断点续传的开始位置
httpConnection.setRequestProperty("RANGE","bytes=2000070");
//获得输入流
InputStream input = httpConnection.getInputStream();


  从输入流中取出的字节流就是down.zip文件从2000070开始的字节流。大家看,其实断点续传用Java实现起来还是很简单的吧。接下来要做的事就是怎么保存获得的流到文件中去了。

  保存文件采用的方法

  我采用的是IO包中的RandAccessFile类。

  操作相当简单,假设从2000070处开始保存文件,代码如下:

RandomAccess oSavedFile = new RandomAccessFile("down.zip","rw");
long nPos = 2000070;
//定位文件指针到nPos位置
oSavedFile.seek(nPos);
byte[] b = new byte[1024];
int nRead;
//从输入流中读入字节流,然后写到文件中
while((nRead=input.read(b,0,1024)) > 0)
{
 oSavedFile.write(b,0,nRead);
}


  接下来要做的就是整合成一个完整的程序 了。包括一系列的线程控制等等。

  (三)断点续传内核的实现 

  主要用了6个类,包括一个测试类:

  SiteFileFetch.java负责整个文件的抓取,控制内部线程(FileSplitterFetch类)。

  FileSplitterFetch.java负责部分文件的抓取。

  FileAccess.java负责文件的存储。

  SiteInfoBean.java要抓取的文件的信息,如文件保存的目录,名字,抓取文件的URL等。

  Utility.java工具类,放一些简单的方法。

  TestMethod.java测试类。

 

下面是源程序 : 


**SiteFileFetch.java 
*/
package NetFox;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;

public class SiteFileFetch extends Thread {

SiteInfoBean siteInfoBean = null; //文件信息Bean
long[] nStartPos; //开始位置
long[] nEndPos; //结束位置
FileSplitterFetch[] fileSplitterFetch; //子线程对象
long nFileLength; //文件长度
boolean bFirst = true; //是否第一次取文件
boolean bStop = false; //停止标志
File tmpFile; //文件下载的临时信息
DataOutputStream output; //输出到文件的输出流

public SiteFileFetch(SiteInfoBean bean) throws IOException
{
 siteInfoBean = bean;
 //tmpFile = File.createTempFile ("zhong","1111",new File(bean.getSFilePath()));
 tmpFile = new File(bean.getSFilePath()+File.separator + bean.getSFileName()+".info");
 if(tmpFile.exists ())
 {
  bFirst = false;
  read_nPos();
 }
 else
 {
  nStartPos = new long[bean.getNSplitter()];
  nEndPos = new long[bean.getNSplitter()];
 }
}

public void run()
{
 //获得文件长度
 //分割文件
 //实例FileSplitterFetch
 //启动FileSplitterFetch线程
 //等待子线程返回
 try{
  if(bFirst)
  {
   nFileLength = getFileSize();
   if(nFileLength == -1)
   {
    System.err.println("File Length is not known!");
   }
   else if(nFileLength == -2)
   {
    System.err.println("File is not access!");
   }
  else
  {
   for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++)
   {
    nStartPos[i] = (long)(i*(nFileLength/nStartPos.length));
   }
   for(int i=0;i<nEndPos.length-1;i++)
   {
    nEndPos[i] = nStartPos[i+1];
   }
   nEndPos[nEndPos.length-1] = nFileLength;
  }
 }

 //启动子线程
 fileSplitterFetch = new FileSplitterFetch[nStartPos.length];
 for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++)
 {
  fileSplitterFetch[i] = new FileSplitterFetch(siteInfoBean.getSSiteURL(),
  siteInfoBean.getSFilePath() + File.separator + siteInfoBean.getSFileName(), nStartPos[i],nEndPos[i],i);
  Utility.log("Thread " + i + " , nStartPos = " + nStartPos[i] + ", nEndPos = " + nEndPos[i]);
  fileSplitterFetch[i].start();
 }
 // fileSplitterFetch[nPos.length-1] = new FileSplitterFetch(siteInfoBean.getSSiteURL(),
 siteInfoBean.getSFilePath() + File.separator + siteInfoBean.getSFileName(),nPos[nPos.length-1],nFileLength,nPos.length-1);
 // Utility.log("Thread " + (nPos.length-1) + " , nStartPos = " + nPos[nPos.length-1] + ", nEndPos = " + nFileLength);
 // fileSplitterFetch[nPos.length-1].start();

 //等待子线程结束
 //int count = 0;
 //是否结束while循环
 boolean breakWhile = false;

 while(!bStop)
 {
  write_nPos();
  Utility.sleep(500);
  breakWhile = true;

  for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++)
  {
   if(!fileSplitterFetch[i].bDownOver)
   {
    breakWhile = false;
    break;
   }
  }
  if(breakWhile)
   break;

  //count++;
  //if(count>4)
  // siteStop();
 }

 System.err.println("文件下载结束!");
}
catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();}
}

//获得文件长度
public long getFileSize()
{
 int nFileLength = -1;
 try{
  URL url = new URL(siteInfoBean.getSSiteURL());
  HttpURLConnection httpConnection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection ();
  httpConnection.setRequestProperty("User-Agent","NetFox");

  int responseCode=httpConnection.getResponseCode();
  if(responseCode>=400)
  {
   processErrorCode(responseCode);
   return -2; //-2 represent access is error
  }

  String sHeader;

  for(int i=1;;i++)
  {
   //DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream(httpConnection.getInputStream ());
   //Utility.log(in.readLine());
   sHeader=httpConnection.getHeaderFieldKey(i);
   if(sHeader!=null)
   {
    if(sHeader.equals("Content-Length"))
    {
     nFileLength = Integer.parseInt(httpConnection.getHeaderField(sHeader));
     break;
    }
   }
   else
   break;
  }
 }
 catch(IOException e){e.printStackTrace ();}
 catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();}

 Utility.log(nFileLength);
 return nFileLength;
}

//保存下载信息(文件指针位置)
private void write_nPos()
{
 try{
  output = new DataOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(tmpFile));
  output.writeInt(nStartPos.length);
  for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++)
  {
   // output.writeLong(nPos[i]);
   output.writeLong(fileSplitterFetch[i].nStartPos);
   output.writeLong(fileSplitterFetch[i].nEndPos);
  }
  output.close();
 }
 catch(IOException e){e.printStackTrace ();}
 catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();}
}

//读取保存的下载信息(文件指针位置)
private void read_nPos()
{
 try{
  DataInputStream input = new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream(tmpFile));
  int nCount = input.readInt();
  nStartPos = new long[nCount];
  nEndPos = new long[nCount];
  for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++)
  {
   nStartPos[i] = input.readLong();
   nEndPos[i] = input.readLong();
  }
  input.close();
 }
 catch(IOException e){e.printStackTrace ();}
 catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();}
}

private void processErrorCode(int nErrorCode)
{
 System.err.println("Error Code : " + nErrorCode);
}

//停止文件下载
public void siteStop()
{
 bStop = true;
 for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++)
  fileSplitterFetch[i].splitterStop();

}
}
/*
**FileSplitterFetch.java
*/
package NetFox;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;

public class FileSplitterFetch extends Thread {

 String sURL; //File URL
 long nStartPos; //File Snippet Start Position
 long nEndPos; //File Snippet End Position
 int nThreadID; //Thread's ID
 boolean bDownOver = false; //Downing is over
 boolean bStop = false; //Stop identical
 FileAccessI fileAccessI = null; //File Access interface

 public FileSplitterFetch(String sURL,String sName,long nStart,long nEnd,int id) throws IOException
 {
  this.sURL = sURL;
  this.nStartPos = nStart;
  this.nEndPos = nEnd;
  nThreadID = id;
  fileAccessI = new FileAccessI(sName,nStartPos);
 }

public void run()
{
 while(nStartPos < nEndPos && !bStop)
 {
  try{
   URL url = new URL(sURL);
   HttpURLConnection httpConnection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection ();
   httpConnection.setRequestProperty("User-Agent","NetFox");
   String sProperty = "bytes="+nStartPos+"-";
   httpConnection.setRequestProperty("RANGE",sProperty);
   Utility.log(sProperty);
   InputStream input = httpConnection.getInputStream();
   //logResponseHead(httpConnection);

   byte[] b = new byte[1024];
   int nRead;
   while((nRead=input.read(b,0,1024)) > 0 && nStartPos < nEndPos && !bStop)
   {
    nStartPos += fileAccessI.write(b,0,nRead);
    //if(nThreadID == 1)
    // Utility.log("nStartPos = " + nStartPos + ", nEndPos = " + nEndPos);
   }

   Utility.log("Thread " + nThreadID + " is over!");
   bDownOver = true;
   //nPos = fileAccessI.write (b,0,nRead);
  }
  catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();}
 }
}

//打印 回应的头信息
public void logResponseHead(HttpURLConnection con)
{
 for(int i=1;;i++)
 {
  String header=con.getHeaderFieldKey(i);
  if(header!=null)
   //responseHeaders.put(header,httpConnection.getHeaderField(header));
   Utility.log(header+" : "+con.getHeaderField(header));
  else
   break;
 }
}

public void splitterStop()
{
 bStop = true;
}
}

/*
**FileAccess.java
*/
package NetFox;
import java.io.*;

public class FileAccessI implements Serializable{

 RandomAccessFile oSavedFile;
 long nPos;

 public FileAccessI() throws IOException
 {
  this("",0);
 }

 public FileAccessI(String sName,long nPos) throws IOException
 {
  oSavedFile = new RandomAccessFile(sName,"rw");
  this.nPos = nPos;
  oSavedFile.seek(nPos);
 }

 public synchronized int write(byte[] b,int nStart,int nLen)
 {
  int n = -1;
  try{
   oSavedFile.write(b,nStart,nLen);
   n = nLen;
  }
  catch(IOException e)
  {
   e.printStackTrace ();
  }

  return n;
 }
}

/*
**SiteInfoBean.java
*/
package NetFox;

public class SiteInfoBean {
 private String sSiteURL; //Site's URL
 private String sFilePath; //Saved File's Path
 private String sFileName; //Saved File's Name
 private int nSplitter; //Count of Splited Downloading File

 public SiteInfoBean()
 {
  //default value of nSplitter is 5
  this("","","",5);
 }

 public SiteInfoBean(String sURL,String sPath,String sName,int nSpiltter)
 {
  sSiteURL= sURL;
  sFilePath = sPath;
  sFileName = sName;
  this.nSplitter = nSpiltter;
 }

 public String getSSiteURL()
 {
  return sSiteURL;
 }

 public void setSSiteURL(String value)
 {
  sSiteURL = value;
 }

 public String getSFilePath()
 {
  return sFilePath;
 }

 public void setSFilePath(String value)
 {
  sFilePath = value;
 }

 public String getSFileName()
 {
  return sFileName;
 }

 public void setSFileName(String value)
 {
  sFileName = value;
 }

 public int getNSplitter()
 {
  return nSplitter;
 }

 public void setNSplitter(int nCount)
 {
  nSplitter = nCount;
 }
}

/*
**Utility.java
*/
package NetFox;

public class Utility {

 public Utility()
 {
 }

 public static void sleep(int nSecond)
 {
  try{
   Thread.sleep(nSecond);
  }
 catch(Exception e)
 {
  e.printStackTrace ();
 } 
}

public static void log(String sMsg)
{
 System.err.println(sMsg);
}

public static void log(int sMsg)
{
 System.err.println(sMsg);
}
}

/*
**TestMethod.java
*/
package NetFox;

public class TestMethod {

 public TestMethod()
 { ///xx/weblogic60b2_win.exe
  try{
   SiteInfoBean bean = new SiteInfoBean("    http://localhost/xx/weblogic60b2_win.exe";;,"L:/temp","weblogic60b2_win.exe",5);
   //SiteInfoBean bean = new SiteInfoBean("   http://localhost:8080/down.zip";;,"L:/temp","weblogic60b2_win.exe",5);
   SiteFileFetch fileFetch = new SiteFileFetch(bean);
   fileFetch.start();
  }
  catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();}
 }

 public static void main(String[] args)
 {
  new TestMethod();
 }
}
posted @ 2011-09-20 11:07  镇水古月  阅读(271)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报