第9章、ping,目的是为了测试另一台主机、网络设备是否可达。ping是一个通信协议,是TCP/IP协议的一部分
简单网络管理语言(Simple Network Management Language)是一种类自然语言的脚本语言,它采用snmp、telnet、ping、dns、arp、ssh、tcp、udp、web等协议访问网络设备,内置smtp协议用于告警等邮件的发送,支持excel、mysql、sqlite等3种方式进行网管数据的存取。
最新版本: snml8.13(ladybird20200205) utf8&ipv6
项目托管地址:https://github.com/ladybirdSnml/snmlipv6utf8snmptelnetsshweb
打包下载:https://ladybirdsnml.github.io/snmlipv6utf8snmptelnetsshweb/snml_utf8ipv6.zip
本手册编辑日期:20200205
技术支持邮箱1:ladybird_snml@protonmail.com
技术支持邮箱2:ladybird_snml@hotmail.com
简单网络管理语言(snml)支持CLI(命令行接口)和SNMP(简单网络管理协议)两种方式自动化的进行网络设备配置和管理。CLI 是基于telnet、ssh的人机交互界面,用于设备的参数配置和状态的查看。SNMP 是基于通讯协议的管理工具,实现网络设备参数的自动化监控和远程配置。
网络设备的配置和管理的新技术是SDN(Software Defined Netrork)。软件定义网络是2006年斯坦福大学提出的网络设备分层编程控制系统,全新的网络设备自动化配置和管理体系。
手册最新版:https://ladybirdsnml.github.io/snmlipv6utf8snmptelnetsshweb/snmldoc_utf8ipv6.html
第9章、ping
“ping”这个名字源于声纳定位操作。目的是为了测试另一台主机、网络设备是否可达。ping是一个通信协议,是TCP/IP协议的一部分;ping也是Windows、Unix和Linux系统下的一个命令, ping命令可检查网络是否连通,分析和判定网络故障。
1、ping语句分析
ping.ip {220.181.12.207} ttl {64} size {32}
ping测试,主机、设备ip为220.181.12.207,发送报文的ttl值为64,发送报文的长度为32字节
ping语句执行后,系统创建、更新以下变量,示例值如下:
ping.dest_ip=[220.181.12.207],目的IP
ping.received_responses=[1],接收到响应报文的个数
ping.roundtrip_time_milliseconds=[56],响应时间(毫秒)
ping.reply_ip=[220.181.12.207],应答报文的IP,当ttl减小到0的时候,网络设备应答
ping.reply_ttl=[54],应答报文的ttl
ping.reply_bytes=[32],应答报文的长度
ping.status=[IP_SUCCESS]
ping语句执行后,通过检查变量“ping.status”是否为“IP_SUCCESS”来判断ping是否成功。
2、示例脚本[C:\snmlipv6\ping\ping_ipv4.txt]
C:\snmlipv6\ping\ping_ipv4.txt | |
---|---|
001 | screen.text at point {150} {30} string {9.ping test (ipv4): ttl,size,roundtrip_time,ip} |
002 | |
003 | var {v_ttl} value {0} |
004 | var {v_y} value {60} |
005 | screen.text at point {50} {~v_y~} string {send ping request} |
006 | screen.line from point {10} {75} to point {180} {75} |
007 | screen.text at point {350} {~v_y~} string {ping response} |
008 | screen.line from point {200} {75} to point {630} {75} |
009 | |
010 | var {v_y} value {80} |
011 | screen.text at point {10} {~v_y~} string {Dest IP Addr} |
012 | screen.text at point {110} {~v_y~} string {TTL} |
013 | screen.text at point {150} {~v_y~} string {Bytes} |
014 | |
015 | screen.text at point {200} {~v_y~} string {IP Addr} |
016 | screen.text at point {300} {~v_y~} string {TTL} |
017 | screen.text at point {350} {~v_y~} string {Bytes} |
018 | screen.text at point {400} {~v_y~} string {ms} |
019 | screen.text at point {450} {~v_y~} string {ping.status} |
020 | |
021 | run.set loglevel {debug} |
022 | dns.get var {ip_addr} host {mail.163.com} |
023 | run.set loglevel {nolog} |
024 | |
025 | var {v_ttl} value {0} |
026 | var {v_y} value {80} |
027 | var {v_sendbytes} value {1000} |
028 | loop.begin |
029 | var {v_ttl} add number {1} |
030 | var {v_y} add number {20} |
031 | run.set loglevel {debug} |
032 | ping.ip {~ip_addr~} ttl {~v_ttl~} size {~v_sendbytes~} |
033 | run.set loglevel {nolog} |
034 | screen.text at point {10} {~v_y~} string {~ping.dest_ip~} |
035 | screen.text at point {110} {~v_y~} string {~v_ttl~} |
036 | screen.text at point {150} {~v_y~} string {~v_sendbytes~} |
037 | |
038 | screen.text at point {200} {~v_y~} string {~ping.reply_ip~} |
039 | screen.text at point {300} {~v_y~} string {~ping.reply_ttl~} |
040 | screen.text at point {350} {~v_y~} string {~ping.reply_bytes~} |
041 | screen.text at point {400} {~v_y~} string {~ping.roundtrip_time_milliseconds~} |
042 | screen.text at point {450} {~v_y~} string {~ping.status~} |
043 | if.var {v_ttl} > {16} |
044 | loop.exit |
045 | if.end |
046 | loop.end |
047 | |
048 | run.end |
脚本执行画面如下:
3、示例脚本[C:\snmlipv6\ping\ping_ipv6.txt]
C:\snmlipv6\ping\ping_ipv6.txt | |
---|---|
001 | screen.text at point {150} {30} string {9.ping test (ipv6): ttl,size,roundtrip_time,ip} |
002 | |
003 | var {v_ttl} value {0} |
004 | var {v_y} value {60} |
005 | screen.text at point {50} {~v_y~} string {send ping request} |
006 | screen.line from point {10} {75} to point {180} {75} |
007 | screen.text at point {350} {~v_y~} string {ping response} |
008 | screen.line from point {200} {75} to point {630} {75} |
009 | |
010 | var {v_y} value {80} |
011 | screen.text at point {10} {~v_y~} string {Dest IP Addr} |
012 | screen.text at point {110} {~v_y~} string {TTL} |
013 | screen.text at point {150} {~v_y~} string {Bytes} |
014 | |
015 | screen.text at point {200} {~v_y~} string {IP Addr} |
016 | screen.text at point {400} {~v_y~} string {ms} |
017 | screen.text at point {450} {~v_y~} string {ping.status} |
018 | |
019 | #run.set loglevel {debug} |
020 | dns.set ipmode {ipv6} |
021 | #dns.get var {ip_addr} host {www.ipv6-test.com} |
022 | |
023 | var {ip_addr} value {FE80::1} |
024 | |
025 | var {v_ttl} value {0} |
026 | var {v_y} value {80} |
027 | var {v_sendbytes} value {1000} |
028 | loop.begin |
029 | var {v_ttl} add number {1} |
030 | var {v_y} add number {20} |
031 | ping.ip {~ip_addr~} ttl {~v_ttl~} size {~v_sendbytes~} |
032 | |
033 | screen.text at point {10} {~v_y~} string {~ping.dest_ip~} |
034 | screen.text at point {110} {~v_y~} string {~v_ttl~} |
035 | screen.text at point {150} {~v_y~} string {~v_sendbytes~} |
036 | screen.text at point {200} {~v_y~} string {~ping.reply_ip~} |
037 | screen.text at point {400} {~v_y~} string {~ping.roundtrip_time_milliseconds~} |
038 | screen.text at point {450} {~v_y~} string {~ping.status~} |
039 | if.var {v_ttl} > {16} |
040 | loop.exit |
041 | if.end |
042 | loop.end |
043 | |
044 | run.end |
脚本执行画面如下:
目录: 1、var 2、screen 3、snmp 4、telnet 5、text 6、if 7、loop 8、dns 9、ping 10、arp 11、excel 12、smtp 13、tcp 14、udp 15、ssh 16、web 17、mysql 18、sqlite 19、Run 20、sys 21、macro 附录1、全部语句