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性能监控工具——Cacti安装文档

一、Cacti安装说明

一般性的安装说明,详细的操作系统具体的安装说明可用于Linux.

  • RRDTool 1.2.x或更高版本
  • MySQL 4.1.x5.x更高版本
  • PHP 4.3.65.x或更高版本
  • Apache 2.2或者更高版本
  • Perl 5.10.1 或者更高版本


二、安装在Unix/Linux

验证httpdmysqld是在系统启动时启动,确保yum源是原始的源。

2.需要包基于yum的操作系统

  • php
  • httpd
  • php-mysql
  • php-snmp
  • php-ldap (when using LDAP authentication)
  • php-xml
  • mysql
  • mysql-server
  • mysql-devel
  • net-snmp (depending on the distro, net-snmp-utils may be required)
  • Spine (depending on the net-snmp-devel openssl-devel may be required)
  • crond (cron, cronie or the like)
  • gcc
  • gcc-c++
  • Perl
  • Perl-libwww-perl
  • Python
  • Python easy_install

3 。对于安装官方补丁,您将需要一些工具

  • wget
  • patch

三、安装环境

1.1     php安装步骤

  1. 使用root用户登录服务器
#yum makecache
#yum install php-xml php-mysql php-snmp php-ldap php-pdo php-devel php 
  1. 安装成功
  2. 参考php配置文件修改

1.2     RRDTool安装步骤

  1. 使用root用户登录服务器
#yum install rrdtool
  1. 安装成功

1.3     httpd安装步骤

  1. 使用root用户登录服务器
#yum install httpd httpd-tools
  1. 安装成功
  2. 参考Apache配置文件修改

1.4     net-snmp安装步骤

  1. 使用root用户登录服务器
#yum install net-snmp net-snmp-libs net-snmp-utils
  1. 安装成功
  2. 参考snmp配置文件修改

1.5     Perl安装步骤

  1. 使用root用户登录服务器,安装perl
#yum install perl perl-libwww-perl
  1. 安装成功

1.6     Mysql安装步骤

  1. 使用root用户登录服务器,安装mysql
#yum install mysql mysql-server mysql-devel mysql-libs
  1. 安装成功

1.7     Python安装步骤

  1. 使用root用户登录服务器,安装python

#yum install python

  1. 安装python easy_install模块
#wget https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/s/setuptools/setuptools-12.0.5.tar.gz#md5=066e16290f8edcbc8b4b67808b2cbdb2
#tar –xvf setuptools-12.0.5.tar.gz
#cd setuptools-12.0.5
#python setup.py install
  1. 安装boto模块
#easy_install python boto

1.8     Cacti安装步骤

  1. 使用root用户登录服务器,安装cacti
#yum wget
#wget http://www.cacti.net/downloads/cacti-0.8.8c.tar.gz
#tar –xvf cacti-0.8.8c.tar.gz
#mv cacti-0.8.8c cacti
#mv cacti /var/www/html
#chmod –R 755 /var/www/html/cacti
  1. 安装成功
  2. 参考Cacti配置文件修改

1.9     Cacti基础插件Spine安装步骤

  1. 使用root用户登录服务器
  2. 安装依赖包
#yum install -y net-snmp-devel openssl-devel
#wget http://www.cacti.net/downloads/spine/cacti-spine-0.8.8c.tar.gz 
#tar -xvf cacti-spine-0.8.8c.tar.gz
#cd cacti-spine-0.8.8c
#mkdir /usr/local/spine
#chmod +x /usr/local/spine
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/spine
#make && make install
  1. 参考Cacti基础插件Spine配置文件修改

1.10  Cacti基础插件Monitorsettingsthold安装步骤

  1. 使用root用户登录服务器
#wget http://docs.cacti.net/_media/plugin:monitor-v1.3-1.tgz 
#mv plugin\:monitor-v1.3-1.tgz monitor-v1.3-1.tgz
#tar -xvf monitor-v1.3-1.tgz
#cp -R monitor /var/www/html/cacti/plugins/
#wget http://docs.cacti.net/_media/plugin:settings-v0.71-1.tgz
#mv plugin:settings-v0.71-1.tgz settings-v0.71-1.tgz
#tar –xvf settings-v0.71-1.tgz
#cp –R settings /var/www/html/cacti/plugins/
#wget http://docs.cacti.net/_media/plugin:thold-v0.5.0.tgz
#mv plugin: thold-v0.5.0.tgz thold-v0.5.0.tgz
#tar –xvf thold-v0.5.0.tgz
#cp –R thold /var/www/html/cacti/plugins/
  1. 参考Cacti基础插件monitorsettingsthold配置文件修改

2.1     基础监控插件安装步骤

  1. 使用root用户登录监控服务器,安装监控基础模板
#wget http://www.percona.com/downloads/percona-monitoring-plugins/1.1.4/percona-monitoring-plugins-1.1.4.tar.gz
#tar –xvf percona-monitoring-plugins-1.1.4.tar.gz
#cd percona-monitoring-plugins-1.1.4\cacti\scripts\
#cp * /var/www/html/cacti/scripts/
#mkdir /var/www/html/cacti/resource/percona
#cd percona-monitoring-plugins-1.1.4\cacti\
#cp –R * /var/www/html/cacti/resource/percona
#chmod –Rf 755 /var/www/html/cacti/resource/percona

2.2     net-snmp安装步骤

  1. 使用root用户登录受控服务器
#yum install net-snmp net-snmp-libs net-snmp-utils
  1. 安装成功
  2. 参考snmp配置文件修改

2.3     编译安装nginx

  1. 使用root用户登录监控服务器
#wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz
#cp *.pl /var/www/html/cacti/scripts/
  1. 使用root用户登录受控服务器,重新编译安装nginx
#mkdir /usr/local/nginx/
#chmod +x /usr/local/nginx/
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module
#make && make install
  1. 参考监控nginx配置文件修改

四、修改各个配置文件

1.PHP配置文件修改

1.1     配置php.ini

  1. 使用root 用户登陆系统
#vi /etc/php.ini
 
safe_mode=Off
data.timezone=”Asia/manila”
file_uploads=On
extension_dir="/usr/lib64/php/modules/"或者extension_dir=/etc/php.d

注:如果是php4.3.6以上版本。请注释掉seesion.save_path=/tmp

2.Apache配置文件修改

2.1     配置httpd.conf

  1. 使用root用户登录监控服务器
#vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
 
incldue conf.d/*.conf

2.2     配置cacti.conf

  1. 使用root用户登录监控服务器
#cp /etc/httpd/conf.d/welcome.conf /etc/httpd/conf.d/cacti.conf
  1. 按照这个信息配置cacti.conf
#vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/cacti.conf

2.3     配置php.conf

  1. 使用root用户登录服务器
  2. 检查php.conf是否有这些信息
#more /etc/httpd/conf.d/php.conf

3.snmp配置文件修改

3.1     配置snmpd.conf

  1. 使用root用户登录监控或受控服务器
#vi /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf
 
原:
view    systemview    included   .1.3.6.1.2.1.1
改:
view    systemview    included   .1.3.6.1.2.1
 
原:
com2sec notConfigUser default public
改:
com2sec notConfigUser 监控端IP public
 
原:
access notConfigGroup "" any noauth exact systemview none none
改:
access notConfigGroup "" any noauth exact all none none
 
 #view all included .1 80 前面的 # 注释去掉
添加监控服务器ip
rocommunity serverIP
  1. 保存退出
  2. 重启snmpd服务
#service snmpd restart

3.2     设置snmpd开机启动

#chkconfig snmpd on

4.Cacti配置文件修改

4.1     设置目录权限

#useradd cactiuser
#chown -R cactiuser rra/ log/

4.2     创建一个mysqls数据库

mysqladmin -user=root create cacti
cd /var/www/html/cacti
  1. 导入cacti数据库
mysql cacti<cacti.sql

mysql> GRANT ALL ON cacti.* TO cactiuser@localhost IDENTIFIED BY 'somepassword';
mysql> flush privileges;

4.3     配置计划任务

  1. 使用root用户登录监控服务器
#vi /etc/crontab
 
*/1 * * * * cactiuser php /var/www/html/cacti/poller.php > /dev/null 2>&1
  1. 退出保存

4.4     配置global.php

  1. 使用root用户登录监控服务器

#vi /var/www/html/cacti/include/global.php

$database_type = "mysql";
$database_default = "cacti";
$database_hostname = "127.0.0.1";
$database_username = "cacti";
$database_password = "cacti";
$database_port = "3306";
  1. 退出保存

4.5     设置开机启动服务

  1. 使用root用户登录监控服务器
#chkconfig snmpd on
#chkconfig httpd on
#chkconfig mysqld on
#chkconfig crond on

4.6     配置IPTABLES

  1. 使用root用户登录监控服务器

 

#iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT

4.7     配置SELINUX

  1. 使用root用户登录监控服务器
#vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux
原:
# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
#     enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
#     permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
#     disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
SELINUX=enforcing
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of these two values:
#     targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
#     mls - Multi Level Security protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted
改:
# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
#     enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
#     permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
#     disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
SELINUX= disabled
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of these two values:
#     targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
#     mls - Multi Level Security protection.
#SELINUXTYPE=targeted

4.8     页面配置

  1. 浏览器中输入:http://www.yourdomain.com/cacti/

默认用户名:admin 密码:admin

  1. 更改密码
  2. 安装指南
  3. 提示这个直接next
  4. new install 然后next
  5. 直接点完成
  6. 登陆界面,登陆之后会提示你重置下密码

5.Cacti基础插件Spine配置文件修改

5.1     配置spine.conf

  1. 使用root用户登录监控服务器
#cp  /usr/local/spine/etc/spine.conf.dist  /usr/local/spine/etc/spine.conf
# vi /usr/local/spine/etc/spine.conf
 
DB_Host         localhost
DB_Database     cacti
DB_User         cactiuser
DB_Pass         123456
DB_Port         3306
DB_PreG         0

5.2     修改Cacti使用的Poller Type

  1. admin用户登录到Cacti
  2. Console -> Cacti Settings->Poller->Poller Type

”Poller Type”下拉框设置中,选择”spine”

5.3     cacti里设置spine路径

  1. admin用户登录到Cacti
  2. Console -> Configuration -> Settings -> Paths -> Alternate Poller Path -> Spine Poller File Path

输入Spine可执行程序的完整路径,我的是/usr/local/spine/bin/spine,保存设置。

6.Cacti基础插件monitorsettingsthold配置文件修改

6.1     导入基础数据

#mysql -uroot -p cacti </home/www/cacti/plugins/monitor/monitor.sql

6.2     配置config.php

  1. 使用root用户登录监控服务器
#vi /var/www/html/cacti/include/config.php
 
$database_type = "mysql";
$database_default = "cacti";
$database_hostname = "localhost";
$database_username = "cactiuser";
$database_password = "somepassword";
 
/* load up old style plugins here */
$plugins = array();
$plugins[] = 'thold';
$plugins[] = 'monitor';
$plugins[] = 'settings';
$plugins[] = 'discovery';
/*
   Edit this to point to the default URL of your Cacti install
   ex: if your cacti install as at http://serverip/cacti/ this
   would be set to /cacti/
*/
$url_path = "/cacti/";
 
/* Default session name - Session name must contain alpha characters */
#$cacti_session_name = "Cacti";
  1. 退出保存

6.3     页面配置

  1. admin用户登录到Cacti
  2. Console -> Configuration -> Plugin Management

配置如下图所示:

 

7.监控nginx配置文件修改

7.1     配置nginx.conf

  1. 使用root用户登录受控服务器
  2.  nginx.conf中添加如下(粗体字部分)
#vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
 
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
        #charset koi8-r;
        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
        location / {
            root   /data/web_server/index;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
 
        location /nginx_status {
            # Turn on nginx stats
            stub_status on;
            # I do not need logs for stats
            access_log   off;
            # Security: Only allow access from 192.168.1.100 IP #
            #allow 192.168.1.100;
            # Send rest of the world to /dev/null #
            #deny all;
        }
}

7.2     页面确认

  1. 通过http://127.0.0.1/nginx_status访问

返回结果类似于:

Active connections: 1 
server accepts handled requests
 655 655 1985 
Reading: 0 Writing: 1 Waiting: 0 

8.监控redis配置文件修改

8.1     配置ss_get_by_ssh.php

注:此文件在检出监控插件中安装

  1. 使用root用户登录受控服务器
#vim /var/www/html/cacti/scripts/
 
$ssh_user   = 'root';                          # SSH username 
$ssh_port   = 22;                               # SSH port 
$ssh_iden   = '-i/root/.ssh/id_rsa';   # SSH identity 
##修改根据你的配置,你的ssh连接用户,还有认证私钥的位置
 
$redis_port    = 6379;                    # Which port redis listens on

8.2     配置ssh公私钥无需密码登录

注: 因为cacti监控redis是需要登录到redis的服务端运行redis的状态获取命令,所以需要ssh连接登录。需要配置非交互式帐号密码登录。这里采用公私钥模式。

  1. 使用root用户登录监控服务器
  2. 在监控服务器生成一对公私钥
ssh-keygen  ##如果是root用户,生成的默认目录为/root/.ssh2个文件id_rsa(公钥) id_rsa.pub(私钥)
cd /root/.ssh/ && chmod 600 id_rsa*     ##把这2个文件修改权限,为600 
ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa root@192.168.200.1  #加被监控节点公私钥认证

8.3     上传redis监控模板

  1. 在本机下载监控模板
http://www.percona.com/downloads/percona-monitoring-plugins/1.1.4/percona-monitoring-plugins-1.1.4.tar.gz
  1. 解压percona-monitoring-plugins-1.1.4.tar.gz
  2. 上传监控模板Console-> Import Templates
cacti_host_template_percona_redis_server_ht_0.8.6i-sver1.1.4.xml

9.监控mysql配置文件修改

9.1     创建受控Mysql需要的账户以及权限

  1. 使用root用户登录受控服务器
  2. 配置MySQL服务器

cacti所在机器能够访问MySQL服务器的状态信息,必须拥有”process”权限。如果要监控InnoDB状态,还必须有”SUPER”权限。

mysql> grant process,super on *.* to 'cacti'@'%' identified by 'cacti';
mysql> grant all privileges on cacti.*  to cacti@"%" identified by "cacti";

 

9.2     配置ss_get_mysql_stats.php

  1. 使用root用户登录监控服务器
vim /var/www/html/cacti/scripts/scriptsss_get_mysql_stats.php

9.3     上传mysql监控模板

  1. 在本机下载监控模板
http://www.percona.com/downloads/percona-monitoring-plugins/1.1.4/percona-monitoring-plugins-1.1.4.tar.gz
  1. 解压percona-monitoring-plugins-1.1.4.tar.gz
  2. 上传监控模板Console-> Import Templates
cacti_host_template_percona_mysql_server_ht_0.8.6i-sver1.1.4.xml

10.监控php配置文件修改

10.1  创建php监控脚本

  1. 使用root用户登录监控服务器
vim /var/www/html/cacti/scripts/get_php_fpm_status.php
 
<?php
#!/usr/bin/php -q
/* do NOT run this script through a web browser */
if (!isset($_SERVER["argv"][0]) || isset($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'])  || isset($_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'])) {
   die("<br><strong>This script is only meant to run at the command line.</strong>");
}
 
$default['host'] = '';                   # server host
$default['script'] = '/status';       # test script (absolute path starting at / - root directory -)
$default['port'] = 80;                   # tcp port
$default['timeout'] = 3;                 # timeout in seconds
 
$args = array();
@list(, $args['host'], $args['script'], $args['port'], $args['timeout']) = $_SERVER["argv"];
foreach($args as $key => $value)
        $args[$key] = ($value)? $value : $default[$key];
 
if (($args['host'] == '') || ($args['port'] == '')) {
  print "Usage: get_php_fpm_status.php <host> [<test script>] [<port>] [<timeout seconds>]\n";
  exit(-1);
}
#get resouce
$con = curl_init();
curl_setopt($con, CURLOPT_URL, 'http://' . $args['host'] . ':' . $args['port'] . $args['script'] );
curl_setopt ($con, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
curl_setopt ($con, CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT,10);
$content = curl_exec($con);
curl_close($con);
 
$result = preg_match("/accepted conn:\s+(\d+)\s*\n/i", $content, $matches);
$conn['accepted'] = ($result)? $matches[1] : 'n/a';
$result = preg_match("/idle processes:\s+(\d+)\s*\n/i", $content, $matches);
$conn['idle'] = ($result)? $matches[1] : 'n/a';
$result = preg_match("/active processes:\s+(\d+)\s*\n/i", $content, $matches);
$conn['active'] = ($result)? $matches[1] : 'n/a';
$result = preg_match("/total processes:\s+(\d+)\s*\n/i", $content, $matches);
$conn['total'] = ($result)? $matches[1] : 'n/a';
echo 'accepted:' . $conn['accepted'] . ' idle:' . $conn['idle'] . ' active:'. $conn['active'] . ' total:' . $conn['total']; 
  1. 保存退出,赋予权限
chmod 755 /var/www/html/cacti/scripts/get_php_fpm_status.php

10.2  配置php.ini

  1. 使用root用户登录监控服务器
cp /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.bak
vim /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
 
原:
allow_url_fopen = Off
改:
allow_url_fopen = On
 
原:
#user_agent="PHP"
改:
user_agent="PHP"

10.3  上传mysql监控模板

  1. 在本机下载监控模板
  1. 解压PHP-FPM-Template.tar
  2. 上传监控模板Console-> Import Templates
Custom_PHP-FPM.xml



来自为知笔记(Wiz)


posted on 2015-06-25 17:11  潦草白纸  阅读(742)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报

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