In [1]: import re
In [2]: re.match(r"hello","hello").group()
# ----------1. .匹配一个任意字符(除去\n)-----------------------------------------
In [3]: re.match(r".ello","hello").group()
In [4]: re.match(r".ello","Hello").group()
In [5]: re.match(r".ello","1ello").group()
In [6]: re.match(r".ello","&ello").group()
In [7]: re.match(r".ello","\nello").group() # 出错
In [14]: re.match(r".ello",".ello").group()
In [15]: re.match(r"\.ello",".ello").group()
------------2. []匹配集合中任意一个字符----------------------------------------
In [8]: re.match(r"[Hh]ello","Hello").group()
In [9]: re.match(r"[Hh]ello","hello").group()
In [10]: re.match(r"[Hh]ello","1ello").group() # 出错
In [11]: re.match(r"[0123456789]ello","1ello").group()
In [12]: re.match(r"[0123456789]ello","9ello").group()
In [13]: re.match(r"[0123456789]ello","Hello").group() # 出错
In [16]: re.match(r"[0123456789]ello","Hello").group() # 出错
In [17]: re.match(r"[0123456789]ello","1ello").group()
------------3. [-]匹配范围内部的任意一个字符-----------------
In [18]: re.match(r"[0-9]ello","1ello").group()
In [19]: re.match(r"[0-35-9]ello","1ello").group()
In [20]: re.match(r"[0-35-9]ello","9ello").group()
In [21]: re.match(r"[0-35-9]ello","4ello").group() # 出错
In [22]: re.match(r"[0-9a-zA-Z]ello","4ello").group()
In [23]: re.match(r"[0-9a-zA-Z]ello","aello").group()
In [24]: re.match(r"[0-9a-zA-Z]ello","Hello").group()
In [25]: re.match(r"[0-35-9]ello","9ello").group()
In [26]: re.match(r"[0-35-9]ello","4ello").group() # 出错
------------4. [^] 禁止匹配 范围内部的任意一个字符-----------------
In [27]: re.match(r"[^4]ello","4ello").group()
In [28]: re.match(r"[^4]ello","0ello").group()
In [29]: re.match(r"[^4]ello","9ello").group()
------------5. '\d'匹配一个任意数字字符 '\D'匹配任意个非数字字符 -----------------
In [30]: re.match(r"\dello","9ello").group()
In [31]: re.match(r"\dello","0ello").group()
In [32]: re.match(r"\dello","@ello").group()
In [33]: re.match(r"\Dello","0ello").group()
In [34]: re.match(r"\Dello","@ello").group()
In [35]: re.match(r"\Dello","?ello").group()
------------6. '\s'匹配一个任意空白字符 '\S'匹配一个任意 非空白字符串-------------------------------
In [36]: re.match(r"\Dello"," ello").group()
In [37]: re.match(r"[\t\r\n\v\f ]ello"," ello").group()
In [38]: re.match(r"\sello"," ello").group()
In [39]: re.match(r"\Sello"," ello").group()
In [40]: re.match(r"\Sello","1ello").group()
-----------7. '\w'匹配一个任意单词字符 '\W'匹配一个任务 非单词字符-----------------------------
In [41]: re.match(r"\wello","1ello").group()
In [42]: re.match(r"\wello","hello").group()
In [43]: re.match(r"\wello","Hello").group()
In [44]: re.match(r"\wello","_ello").group()
In [45]: re.match(r"\Wello","_ello").group()
In [46]: re.match(r"\Wello","?ello").group()
------------'\w'语义拓展
In [2]: re.match(r"\wBC","ABC")
In [3]: re.match(r"\wBC","ABC").group()
In [4]: re.match(r"\wBC","呵BC").group()
In [5]: re.match(r"\wBC","呵BC",re.ASCII).group()
In [6]: re.match(r"\wBC","呵BC",re.UNICODE).group()
In [7]: re.match(r"\wBC","呵BC").group()
-----------二 量词 匹配多个字符---------------------------
In [47]: re.match(r"嫦娥号\d升空了","嫦娥1号升空了").group()
In [48]: re.match(r"嫦娥\d号升空了","嫦娥1号升空了").group()
In [49]: re.match(r"嫦娥\d号升空了","嫦娥9号升空了").group()
In [50]: re.match(r"嫦娥\d号升空了","嫦娥10号升空了").group()
In [51]: re.match(r"嫦娥\d\d号升空了","嫦娥10号升空了").group()
In [52]: re.match(r"嫦娥\d\d号升空了","嫦娥99号升空了").group()
In [53]: re.match(r"嫦娥\d\d号升空了","嫦娥100号升空了").group()
In [54]: re.match(r"嫦娥\d\d\d号升空了","嫦娥100号升空了").group()
In [55]: re.match(r"嫦娥\d\d\d\d\d号升空了","嫦娥10000号升空了").group()
In [56]: re.match(r"嫦娥\d{5}号升空了","嫦娥10000号升空了").group()
In [57]: re.match(r"嫦娥\d{3}号升空了","嫦娥10000号升空了").group()
In [58]: re.match(r"嫦娥\d{3}号升空了","嫦娥100号升空了").group()
In [59]: re.match(r"嫦娥\d{1,3}号升空了","嫦娥100号升空了").group()
In [60]: re.match(r"嫦娥\d{1,3}号升空了","嫦娥1号升空了").group()
In [61]: re.match(r"嫦娥\d{1,3}号升空了","嫦娥10号升空了").group()
In [62]: re.match(r"嫦娥\d{1,1}号升空了","嫦娥10号升空了").group()
In [64]: re.match(r"嫦娥\d{0,3}号升空了","嫦娥号升空了").group()
In [65]: re.match(r"嫦娥\d{0,}号升空了","嫦娥号升空了").group()
In [66]: re.match(r"嫦娥\d*号升空了","嫦娥号升空了").group()
In [67]: re.match(r"嫦娥\d{1,}号升空了","嫦娥1号升空了").group()
In [68]: re.match(r"嫦娥\d{1,}号升空了","嫦娥号升空了").group()
In [69]: re.match(r"嫦娥\d{1,}号升空了","嫦娥1000号升空了").group()
In [70]: re.match(r"嫦娥\d+号升空了","嫦娥1000号升空了").group()
In [8]: re.match(r"\w?BC","ABC").group()
In [9]: re.match(r"\w?BC","BC").group()
---------------三 匹配开始^ 和结束位置$--------------------------
In [71]: re.match(r"\w{4,20}@163.com","hello@163.com").group()
In [72]: re.match(r"\w{4,20}@163.com","hello@163Acom").group()
In [73]: re.match(r"\w{4,20}@163\.com","hello@163Acom").group()
In [74]: re.match(r"\w{4,20}@163\.com","hello@163.com").group()
In [75]: re.match(r"\w{4,20}@163\.com","hello@163.com.cn").group()
In [76]: re.match(r"\w{4,20}@163\.com","cc.hello@163.com").group()
In [77]: re.search(r"\w{4,20}@163\.com","cc.hello@163.com").group()
In [78]: re.search(r"\w{4,20}@163\.com","cc.hello@163.com.cn").group()
In [79]: re.search(r"^\w{4,20}@163\.com","cc.hello@163.com.cn").group()
In [80]: re.search(r"^\w{4,20}@163\.com","hello@163.com.cn").group()
In [81]: re.search(r"^\w{4,20}@163\.com$","hello@163.com.cn").group()
In [82]: re.search(r"^\w{4,20}@163\.com$","hello@163.com").group()
In [83]: re.match(r"^\w{4,20}@163\.com","hello@163.com.cn").group()
In [84]: re.match(r"^\w{4,20}@163\.com$","hello@163.com.cn").group()
In [85]: re.match(r"^\w{4,20}@163\.com$","hello@163.com").group()
-------------四 匹配分组 ()将感兴趣的数据进行提取------
In [86]: re.match(r"嫦娥(\d+)号升空了","嫦娥1000号升空了").group()
In [87]: re.match(r"嫦娥(\d+)号升空了","嫦娥1000号升空了").group(0)
In [88]: re.match(r"嫦娥(\d+)号升空了","嫦娥1000号升空了").group(1)
In [89]: re.match(r"^(\w{4,20})@(163)\.com$","hello@163.com").group()
In [90]: re.match(r"^(\w{4,20})@(163)\.com$","hello@163.com").group(1)
In [91]: re.match(r"^(\w{4,20})@(163)\.com$","hello@163.com").group(2)
-------(|)匹配其中任何一个表达式并且放入分组中----
In [92]: re.match(r"^(\w{4,20})@(163|qq)\.com$","hello@263.com").group(2)
In [93]: re.match(r"^(\w{4,20})@(163|qq)\.com$","hello@qq.com").group(2)
In [94]: re.match(r"^(\w*)hello(\w*)$","hellohello@qq.com").group(1)
---------------------'\分组编号' 使用某个分组的数据在后面某个位置继续匹配 ----
In [11]: re.match(r"^\w{4,20}@163.com$|^\w{4,20}@qq.com$","hello@163.com").group()
In [12]: re.match(r"^\w{4,20}@163.com$|^\w{4,20}@qq.com$","hello@qq.com").group()
In [13]: re.match(r"^\w{4,20}@(163|qq).com$","hello@qq.com").group()
In [14]: re.match(r"^\w{4,20}@(163|qq).com$","hello@163.com").group()
In [15]: re.match(r"(\d{3,4})-(\d{6,8})","0755-12345678").group()
In [16]: re.match(r"(\d{3,4})-(\d{6,8})","0755-12345678").group(1)
In [17]: re.match(r"(\d{3,4})-(\d{6,8})","0755-12345678").group(2)
In [18]: re.match(r"(\d{3,4})-(\d{6,8}) \1-\2","0755-12345678 0755-1234567").group(2)
In [19]: re.match(r"(\d{3,4})-(\d{6,8}) \1-\2","0755-12345678 0755-12345678").group()
In [20]: re.match(r"(\d{3,4})-(\d{6,8}) \1-\2","0755-12345678 0755-1234567").group()
In [21]: re.match(r"<(\w+)>","<html>aaa</html>").group(1)
In [22]: re.match(r"<(\w+)>(.*)</\1>","<html>aaa</html>").group(1)
In [23]: re.match(r"<(\w+)>(.*)</\1>","<html>aaa</html2>").group(1)
匹配多个标签中的数据
<html><body>hello</body></html>
"""思考问题 如何创建有名分组 如何引用有名分组"""
In [24]: re.match(r"<(\w+)><(\w+)>(.+)</\2></\1>","<html><body>hello</body></html>").group()
In [25]: re.match(r"<(\w+)><(\w+)>(.+)</\2></\1>","<html><body>hello</body></html>").group(1)
In [26]: re.match(r"<(\w+)><(\w+)>(.+)</\2></\1>","<html><body>hello</body></html>").group(2)
In [27]: re.match(r"<(\w+)><(\w+)>(.+)</\2></\1>","<html><body>hello</body></html1>").group(2)
In [28]: re.match(r"<(\w+)><(\w+)>(.+)</\2></\1>","<html><body>hello</body></html1>").group()
In [29]: re.match(r"((\d{3,4})-(\d{6,8}))","0755-12345678").group()
In [30]: re.match(r"((\d{3,4})-(\d{6,8}))","0755-12345678").group(1)
In [31]: re.match(r"((\d{3,4})-(\d{6,8}))","0755-12345678").group(2)
In [32]: re.match(r"((\d{3,4})-(\d{6,8}))","0755-12345678").group(3)
In [34]: re.match(r"((\d{3,4})-(\d{6,8})) \2-\3","0755-12345678 0755-12345678").group()
In [35]: re.match(r"(?P<quhao>\d{3,4})-(?P<zuoji>\d{6,8})","0755-12345678").group()
In [36]: re.match(r"(?P<quhao>\d{3,4})-(?P<zuoji>\d{6,8})","0755-12345678").group(1)
In [37]: re.match(r"(?P<quhao>\d{3,4})-(?P<zuoji>\d{6,8})","0755-12345678").group(2)
In [38]: re.match(r"(?P<quhao>\d{3,4})-(?P<zuoji>\d{6,8})","0755-12345678").group('quhao')
In [39]: re.match(r"(?P<quhao>\d{3,4})-(?P<zuoji>\d{6,8})","0755-12345678").group('zuoji')
In [40]: re.match(r"(?P<quhao>\d{3,4})-(?P<zuoji>\d{6,8}) (?P=quhao)-(?P=zuoji)","0755-12345678 07
...: 55-12345678").group()
In [41]: re.match(r"((?P<quhao>\d{3,4})-(?P<zuoji>\d{6,8})) (?P=quhao)-(?P=zuoji)","0755-12345678
...: 0755-12345678").group()
---------------------------re模块高级函数--------------------------
In [42]: ret = re.search(r"\d+", "阅读次数为 9999").group()
In [43]: re.search(r"\d+", "阅读次数为 9999").group()
Out[43]: '9999'
In [46]: re.findall(r"\d+", "python = 9999, c = 7890, c++ = 12345")
Out[46]: ['9999', '7890', '12345']
In [47]: re.sub(r"\d+","998","python=997")
Out[47]: 'python=998'
In [48]: re.sub(r"\d+","998","python=997 c=988")
Out[48]: 'python=998 c=998'
In [49]: re.sub(r"\d+","998","python=997 c=988",1)
Out[49]: 'python=998 c=988'
In [52]: def func(matchobj):
...: data = matchobj.group()
...: str_data = str( int(data) + 1)
...: return str_data
...:
In [53]: re.sub(r"\d+",func, "age=17")
Out[53]: 'age=18'
In [54]: data = """
...: <div>
...: <p>岗位职责：</p>
...: <p>完成推荐算法、数据统计、接口、后台等服务器端相关工作</p>
...: <p><br></p>
...: <p>必备要求：</p>
...: <p>良好的自我驱动力和职业素养，工作积极主动、结果导向</p>
...: <p> <br></p>
...: <p>技术要求：</p>
...: <p>1、一年以上 Python 开发经验，掌握面向对象分析和设计，了解设计模式</p>
...: <p>2、掌握HTTP协议，熟悉MVC、MVVM等概念以及相关WEB开发框架</p>
...: <p>3、掌握关系数据库开发设计，掌握 SQL，熟练使用 MySQL/PostgreSQL 中的一种<br></p>
...: <p>4、掌握NoSQL、MQ，熟练使用对应技术解决方案</p>
...: <p>5、熟悉 Javascript/CSS/HTML5，JQuery、React、Vue.js</p>
...: <p> <br></p>
...: <p>加分项：</p>
...: <p>大数据，数理统计，机器学习，sklearn，高性能，大并发。</p>
...:
...: </div>"""
In [55]: re.sub(r"<.*>","",data)
Out[55]: '\n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n '
In [56]: re.sub(r"<\w+>","",data)
Out[56]: '\n\n 岗位职责：</p>\n完成推荐算法、数据统计、接口、后台等服务器端相关工作</p>\n</p>\n必备要求：</p>\n良好的自我驱动力和职业素养，工作积极主动、结果导向</p>\n </p>\n技术要求：</p>\n1、一年以上 Python 开发经验，掌握面向对象分析和设计，了解设计模式</p>\n2、掌握HTTP协议，熟悉MVC、MVVM等概念以及相关WEB开发框架</p>\n3、掌握关系数据库开发设计，掌握 SQL，熟练使用 MySQL/PostgreSQL 中的一种</p>\n4、掌握NoSQL、MQ，熟练使用对应技术解决方案</p>\n5、熟悉 Javascript/CSS/HTML5，JQuery、React、Vue.js</p>\n </p>\n加分项：</p>\n大数据，数理统计，机器学习，sklearn，高性能，大并发。</p>\n\n </div>'
In [57]: re.sub(r"</?\w+>","",data)
Out[57]: '\n\n 岗位职责：\n完成推荐算法、数据统计、接口、后台等服务器端相关工作\n\n必备要求：\n良好的自我驱动力和职业素养，工作积极主动、结果导向\n \n技术要求：\n1、一年以上 Python 开发经验，掌握面向对象分析和设计，了解设计模式\n2、掌握HTTP协议，熟悉MVC、MVVM等概念以及相关WEB开发框架\n3、掌握关系数据库开发设计，掌握 SQL，熟练使用 MySQL/PostgreSQL 中的一种\n4、掌握NoSQL、MQ，熟练使用对应技术解决方案\n5、熟悉 Javascript/CSS/HTML5，JQuery、React、Vue.js\n \n加分项：\n大数据，数理统计，机器学习，sklearn，高性能，大并发。\n\n '
In [58]: re.sub(r"</?\w+>|\n","",data)
Out[58]: ' 岗位职责：完成推荐算法、数据统计、接口、后台等服务器端相关工作必备要求：良好的自我驱动力和职业素养，工作积极主动、结果导向 技术要求：1、一年以上 Python 开发经验，掌握面向对象分析和设计，了解设计模式2、掌握HTTP协议，熟悉MVC、MVVM等概念以及相关WEB开发框架3、掌握关系数据库开发设计，掌握 SQL，熟练使用 MySQL/PostgreSQL 中的一种4、掌握NoSQL、MQ，熟练使用对应技术解决方案5、熟悉 Javascript/CSS/HTML5，JQuery、React、Vue.js 加分项：大数据，数理统计，机器学习，sklearn，高性能，大并发。 '
In [59]: re.sub(r"</?\w+>|\n| ","",data)
Out[59]: ' 岗位职责：完成推荐算法、数据统计、接口、后台等服务器端相关工作必备要求：良好的自我驱动力和职业素养，工作积极主动、结果导向;技术要求：1、一年以上 Python 开发经验，掌握面向对象分析和设计，了解设计模式2、掌握HTTP协议，熟悉MVC、MVVM等概念以及相关WEB开发框架3、掌握关系数据库开发设计，掌握 SQL，熟练使用 MySQL/PostgreSQL 中的一种4、掌握NoSQL、MQ，熟练使用对应技术解决方案5、熟悉 Javascript/CSS/HTML5，JQuery、React、Vue.js;加分项：大数据，数理统计，机器学习，sklearn，高性能，大并发。 '
In [60]: re.split(r" ","age=18 name=tom")
Out[60]: ['age=18', 'name=tom']
In [61]: re.split(r" |=","age=18 name=tom")
Out[61]: ['age', '18', 'name', 'tom']
----------------------?号将正则转化为非贪婪模式(懒惰模式)-------------------------------
In [62]: re.match(r"(\d+)(\d?)","12345678").group()
Out[62]: '12345678'
In [63]: re.match(r"(\d+)(\d?)","12345678").group(1)
Out[63]: '12345678'
In [64]: re.match(r"(\d+)(\d?)","12345678").group(2)
Out[64]: ''
In [65]: re.match(r"(\d+?)(\d?)","12345678").group(2)
Out[65]: '2'
In [66]: re.match(r"(\d+?)(\d+)","12345678").group(2)
Out[66]: '2345678'
In [67]: re.match(r"(\d+?)(\d+)","12345678").group(1)
Out[67]: '1'
In [68]: re.match(r"(\d+)(\d+)","12345678").group(1)
Out[68]: '1234567'
In [69]: re.match(r"(\d+)(\d+)","12345678").group(2)
Out[69]: '8'
In [70]: url = """<img alt="丁叮c的直播" data-original="https://rpic.douyucdn.cn/live-cover/appCov
...: ers/2017/12/27/462253_20171227014914_big.jpg" src="https://rpic.douyucdn.cn/live-cover/ap
...: pCovers/2017/12/27/462253_20171227014914_big.jpg" width="283" height="163" style="display
...: : block;">"""
In [72]: re.search(r"http.*jpg",url).group()
Out[72]: 'https://rpic.douyucdn.cn/live-cover/appCovers/2017/12/27/462253_20171227014914_big.jpg" src="https://rpic.douyucdn.cn/live-cover/appCovers/2017/12/27/462253_20171227014914_big.jpg'
In [73]: re.search(r"http.*?jpg",url).group()
Out[73]: 'https://rpic.douyucdn.cn/live-cover/appCovers/2017/12/27/462253_20171227014914_big.jpg'
----------------r原生字符串 可以自动将其中的反斜线 进行转义----------------------
In [74]: path = "c:\\a\\b"
In [75]: print(path)
c:\a\b
In [76]: path = "c:\a\b\n"
In [77]: print(path)
c:
In [78]: re.match("c:\\a","c:\\a\\b\\c").group()
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
AttributeError Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-78-c8bbf045c2be> in <module>()
----> 1 re.match("c:\\a","c:\\a\\b\\c").group()
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'group'
In [79]: re.match("c:\\\\a","c:\\a\\b\\c").group()
Out[79]: 'c:\\a'
In [80]: re.match("c:\\\\a\\\\b\\\\c","c:\\a\\b\\c").group()
Out[80]: 'c:\\a\\b\\c'
In [81]: re.match(r"c:\\a\\b\\c","c:\\a\\b\\c").group()
Out[81]: 'c:\\a\\b\\c'
In [82]: r"c:\\a\\b\\c"
Out[82]: 'c:\\\\a\\\\b\\\\c'
