第一部分

术语介绍

虚拟网络

虚拟网络是由虚拟和物理网络适配器,虚拟和物理交换机组成.

术语介绍(1)

vnetwork standard switch(vswitch):(标准交换机,每个esxi有一个独立交换机)a software-based switch that resides in the vmkernel and provides traffic management for virtual machines.users must manage vswitches independently on each esxi host.

vnetwork distributed switch:(分布式交换机,集群里面所有esxi都可以看到)a software-based switch that resides in the vmkernel and provides traffic management for virtual machines the vmkernel.distributed vswitches are shared by and managed across entire clusters of esxi hosts.

术语介绍(2)

port/port group:a logical object on a vswitch that provides specialized services for the vmkernel or vms.a virtual switch can contain a vmkernel port or a vm port group.on a vsphere distributed switch,these are called dvport groups.(普通交换机叫做port,分布式交换机叫做port group)

esxi的接口叫做vmkernel.

术语介绍(3)

vmkernel port:a specialized virtual switch port type that is configured with an ip address to allow vmotion,iscsi storage access,network attached storage (nas) or network file system (nfs) access,or vsphere fault tolerance (ft) logging.now that vsphere 5 includes only vmware esxi hosts,a vmkernel port also provides management connectivity for managing the host.a vmkernel port is also referred to as a vmknic.

virtual machine port group:a group of virtual switch ports that share a common configuration and allow virtual machines to access other virtual machines or the physical network.

术语介绍(4)

virtual lan:a logical lan configured on a virtual or physical switch that provides efficient traffic segmentation,broadcast control,security,and efficient bandwidth utilization by providing traffic only to the ports configured for that particular vlan.

trunk port(trunking):a port on a physical switch that listens for and knows how to pass traffic for multiple vlans.it does this by maintaining the vlan tags for traffic moving through the trunk port to the connected device(s).trunk ports are typically used for switch-to-switch connections to allow vlans to pass freely between switches.virtual switches support vlans,and using vlan trunks allows the vlans to pass freely into the virtual switches.

术语介绍(5)

access port:a port on a physical switch that passes traffic for only a single vlan.unlike a trunk port,which maintains the vlan identification for traffic moving through the port,an access port strips away the vlan information for traffic moving through the port.

network interface card team:(负载均衡多个接口)the aggregation of physical network interface cards (nics) to form a single logical communication channel.different types of nic teams provide varying levels of traffic load balancing and fault tolerance.

术语介绍(6)

vmxnet adapter:(装了vm toos网卡推荐)a virtualized network adapter operating inside a guest operating system.the vmxnet adapter is a high-performance,1gbps virtual network adapter that operates only if the vmware tools have been installed.the vmxnet adapter is sometimes referred to as a paravirtualized driver.the vmxnet adapter is identified as flexible in the virtual machine properties.

vlance adapter:(32位系统没有装toos网卡)a virtualized network adapter operating inside a guest operating system.the vlance adapter is a 10/100mbps network adapter that is widely compatible with a range of operating systems and is the default adapter used until the vmware tools installation is completed.

术语介绍(7)

e1000 adapter:(64位系统没有装toos网卡)a virtualized network adapter that emulates the intel e1000 network adapter.the intel e1000 is a 1gbps network adapter.the e1000 network adapter is most common in 64-bit virtual machines.

设计网络前需要考虑的问题

1.do you have or nedd a dedicated network for management traffic,such as for the management of physical switches?(是否需要设计专用的管理网络)

2.do you have or need a dedicated network for vmotion traffic?(是否需要准用的网络来做vmotion)

3.do you have an ip storage network?is this ip storage network a dedicated network?are you running iscsi or nas/nfs?(是否需要一个ip存储网络,是否需需要专用的存储网络,使用iscsi还是nas/nfs技术)

4.how many nics are standard in your esxi host design?(esxi主机有多少个网卡)

5.do the nics in your hosts run 1 gb ethernet or 10 gb ethernet?(网卡是1gb还是10gb以太网)

6.is there a need for extremely high levels of fault tolerance for vms?(是否需要为vm启用ft功能)

7.is the existing physical network composed of vlans?(物理网络是否使用vlan技术)

8.do you want to extend the use of vlans into the virtual switches?(是否在虚拟交换机中使用vlan)

建议:

网管网络最好独立出来,专门的网络做vmotion,存储使用专有网络(至少4g或者10g网络),ft使用专门网络.物理交换机用vlan,虚拟交换机也需要用vlan.