静态路由

出接口 arp proxy-arp会引起更严重后果,不建议使用出接口,arp条目过多引起路由器奔溃.

下一跳

r1:

no ip route 34.1.1.0 255.255.255.252 13.1.1.3

show ip route static

shwo arp

clear arp-cache

show arp

no ip route 34.1.1.0 255.255.255.252 e0/1

clear arp

show arp

debug arp

ping 34.1.1.1

ip route 34.1.1.0 255.255.255.252 13.1.1.3

debug arp

ping 34.1.1.1(发现并没有arp查询)

静态路由推荐配置方式既有出接口也有下一跳,会提前做好arp解析.

浮动静态路由：

r3:

ip route 24.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 e0/0 10.1.1.4

ip route 24.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 s1/0 34.1.1.1 10

r1:

ping 24.1.1.4

r3:

debug ip packet detil

show ip route 24.1.1.0

show int e0/0

int e0/0

sh

r1:

ping 24.1.1.4

负载均衡(load sharing)

等价负载均衡

非等价负载均衡

r3:

ip route 24.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 s1/0 34.1.1.1 (去掉ad值)

负载方式

1.基于目标的

2.基于包的

r3:

show ip cef detail

show adj detail

show int e0/1

show ip cef summary

no ip cef

show ip cef

int e0/1

ip load-sharing per-destination(基于目的)/per-packet(基于包的)负载均衡

r1:

ip route 24.1.1.0 255.255.255.252 null0(路由黑洞)

no ip route 24.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 e0/1 13.1.1.3

show ip route static

debug ip icmp

debug ip packet detail

no ip route 24.1.1.0 255.255.255.252 null0

ip route 24.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 null0

show ip route staitc

ping 24.1.1.4

路由环路

r3:

no ip route 24.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 e0/0 10.1.1.4

no ip route 24.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 e1/0 34.1.1.1

ip route 24.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 e0/1

r1:no ip route 24.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 null0

ip route 24.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 e0/1

r3:

show ip route static

r1:

traceroute 24.1.1.4