马婕 2014年MBA，mpacc备考 报刊宣读2 美国对互联网的控制威胁着网络自由(转)
http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_3e66af4601015qmk.html
US controls threaten Internet freedom
美国对互联网的控制威胁着网络自由
Source: Global Times
Illustration: Liu Rui 插图
To control the world by controlling the Internet has been a dominant strategy of the US. From the networkinfrastructure protection of the Clinton era to the network anti-terrorism of the Bush era and to the "networkdeterrence" of the Obama era, the national information security strategy of the US has evolved from a preventative strategy to a preemptive one.
通过控制互联网去主宰世界一直是美国的主要策略。从克林顿时代的网络基础设施保护到布什时代的反恐网络再到奥巴马时代的网络威慑，美国国家信息安全策略从以往的以预防为主发展到了现在的先发制人。注释
介词的用法： by at on under across through throughout above/below under/over with about for/against within/beyond
Dominant He has authority, but he doesn’t want to dominate others. 支配，统治
Peace is the dominant theme of the conference.首要的，主导的
Infrastructure 基础设施
Terrorism 恐怖主义
Deterence 制止，妨碍物 deterrent adj
政治用语 deterrence strategy 威慑战略 deterrence theory 威慑论
Preemptive 有先买权的，抢先的
Meanwhile, the methodology has moved from trying to control Internet hardware to control of Internet content. Theultimate goal is for the US to hold the ability to open and shut parts of the Internetat will. In 1993, the Clinton administration proposed to build up "the national information infrastructure" and listed six possible enemies who might attack US key network infrastructure, including sovereign states, economic competitors, as well as all kinds of criminals, hackers, terrorists and insiders. It was a defensive strategy.
同时，该方法已经从努力控制网络硬件转移到了控制网络内容。美国人的最终目的是要拥有随意开通和关闭部分网络的能力。1993年，克林顿政府提议要建立国家信息基础设施，并且列举出六种可能会攻击美国关键的网络基础设施，包括，主权国家，经济竞争敌手，以及各种犯罪分子，黑客，恐怖分子和知道内情的人。克林顿的政策是防御性的策略。
注释：
Method---methodology
Content 内容---contents 目录
be content to do sth 做某事满足
Ultimately=eventually=finnally
Will n 遗嘱
意愿-----willing adj be willing to do sth 愿意做某事
Build up 建立，逐步增长 加强
e. g. The movie company has done so much to build up its honor and properity
这家电影为增强其荣誉和繁荣做了如此之多的工作。
State n 状态 In a state of panic 恐慌状态
国家 The heavy industry was controlled by the state
州 The United States
V 陈述，声明------n statement 陈述
Insider 知道内情的人，业内人士 outsider 局外人
After the 9/11 attacks, the Bush administration officially upgraded Internet security to the strategic height of national security. Anti-terrorism was the theme of Internet security during the Bush era. In 2004, the US cut off the ".ly" domain name by using the root server, resulting in Libya's disappearance in Internet for three days. It generatedworldwide criticism of the US hegemony on the Internet and concerns over Internet security. In 2009, according to the network security assessment announced by Obama, the threat to the Internet had become one of the most serious economic and military threats that the US was confronted with.
在9/11事件之后，布什政府正式将网络安全升级到国家安全战略高度。在布什时代，反恐怖主义是网络安全的主题。2004年，美国利用主服务器切断了利比亚的顶级域名.ly.导致利比亚在互联网上消失了三天。此举引起了全世界对美国在网络上的霸权主义谴责，以及对网络安全的担忧。2009年，根据奥巴马宣布的网络安全评估报告，对于互联网的威胁已经成为美国面临的最严重的经济和军事威胁之一。
注释
Official 官方的，正式的，official sponsor 官方赞助商，official statistics 官方统计数据
Security securitycheck 安检 security and Exchange Commission 证券交易委员会
Theme 主题
general/generate/genius/genetic/geniune
Generous contribution/help
