python常用函数 库 转
可能经常用到的标准模块和第三方常用的50个库
本文由python培训班授课老师整理
数学计算：
numbers — Numeric abstract base classes
math — Mathematical functions
cmath — Mathematical functions for complex numbers
decimal — Decimal fixed point and floating point arithmetic
fractions — Rational numbers
random — Generate pseudo-random numbers
itertools — Functions creating iterators for efficient looping
functools — Higher-order functions and operations on callable objects
operator — Standard operators as functions
文件和目录访问：
os.path — Common pathname manipulations
fileinput — Iterate over lines from multiple input streams
stat — Interpreting stat() results
statvfs — Constants used with os.statvfs()
filecmp — File and Directory Comparisons
tempfile — Generate temporary files and directories
glob — Unix style pathname pattern expansion
fnmatch — Unix filename pattern matching
linecache — Random access to text lines
shutil — High-level file operations
dircache — Cached directory listings
macpath — Mac OS 9 path manipulation functions
数据持久化:
pickle — Python object serialization
cPickle — A faster pickle
copy_reg — Register pickle support functions
shelve — Python object persistence
marshal — Internal Python object serialization
anydbm — Generic access to DBM-style databases
whichdb — Guess which DBM module created a database
dbm — Simple “database” interface
gdbm — GNU’s reinterpretation of dbm
dbhash — DBM-style interface to the BSD database library
bsddb — Interface to Berkeley DB library
dumbdbm — Portable DBM implementation
sqlite3 — DB-API 2.0 interface for SQLite databases
通用操作系统服务:
os — Miscellaneous operating system interfaces
io — Core tools for working with streams
time — Time access and conversions
argparse — Parser for command-line options, arguments and sub-commands
optparse — Parser for command line options
getopt — C-style parser for command line options
logging — Logging facility for Python
logging.config — Logging configuration
logging.handlers — Logging handlers
getpass — Portable password input
curses — Terminal handling for character-cell displays
curses.textpad — Text input widget for curses programs
curses.ascii — Utilities for ASCII characters
curses.panel — A panel stack extension for curses
platform — Access to underlying platform’s identifying data
errno — Standard errno system symbols
ctypes — A foreign function library for Python
可选的操作系统服务:
select — Waiting for I/O completion
threading — Higher-level threading interface
thread — Multiple threads of control
dummy_threading — Drop-in replacement for the threading module
dummy_thread — Drop-in replacement for the thread module
multiprocessing — Process-based “threading” interface
mmap — Memory-mapped file support
readline — GNU readline interface
rlcompleter — Completion function for GNU readline
进程间通信和网络:
subprocess — Subprocess management
socket — Low-level networking interface
ssl — TLS/SSL wrapper for socket objects
signal — Set handlers for asynchronous events
popen2 — Subprocesses with accessible I/O streams
asyncore — Asynchronous socket handler
asynchat — Asynchronous socket command/response handler
互联网数据处理:
email — An email and MIME handling package
json — JSON encoder and decoder
mailcap — Mailcap file handling
mailbox — Manipulate mailboxes in various formats
mhlib — Access to MH mailboxes
mimetools — Tools for parsing MIME messages
mimetypes — Map filenames to MIME types
MimeWriter — Generic MIME file writer
mimify — MIME processing of mail messages
multifile — Support for files containing distinct parts
rfc822 — Parse RFC 2822 mail headers
base64 — RFC 3548: Base16, Base32, Base64 Data Encodings
binhex — Encode and decode binhex4 files
binascii — Convert between binary and ASCII
quopri — Encode and decode MIME quoted-printable data
uu — Encode and decode uuencode files
结构化标记处理工具:
HTMLParser — Simple HTML and XHTML parser
sgmllib — Simple SGML parser
htmllib — A parser for HTML documents
htmlentitydefs — Definitions of HTML general entities
XML Processing Modules
XML vulnerabilities
xml.etree.ElementTree — The ElementTree XML API
xml.dom — The Document Object Model API
xml.dom.minidom — Minimal DOM implementation
xml.dom.pulldom — Support for building partial DOM trees
xml.sax — Support for SAX2 parsers
xml.sax.handler — Base classes for SAX handlers
xml.sax.saxutils — SAX Utilities
xml.sax.xmlreader — Interface for XML parsers
xml.parsers.expat — Fast XML parsing using Expat
互联网协议和技术支持:
webbrowser — Convenient Web-browser controller
cgi — Common Gateway Interface support
cgitb — Traceback manager for CGI scripts
wsgiref — WSGI Utilities and Reference Implementation
urllib — Open arbitrary resources by URL
urllib2 — extensible library for opening URLs
httplib — HTTP protocol client
ftplib — FTP protocol client
poplib — POP3 protocol client
imaplib — IMAP4 protocol client
nntplib — NNTP protocol client
smtplib — SMTP protocol client
smtpd — SMTP Server
telnetlib — Telnet client
uuid — UUID objects according to RFC 4122
urlparse — Parse URLs into components
SocketServer — A framework for network servers
BaseHTTPServer — Basic HTTP server
SimpleHTTPServer — Simple HTTP request handler
CGIHTTPServer — CGI-capable HTTP request handler
cookielib — Cookie handling for HTTP clients
Cookie — HTTP state management
xmlrpclib — XML-RPC client access
SimpleXMLRPCServer — Basic XML-RPC server
DocXMLRPCServer — Self-documenting XML-RPC server
第三方常用的50个库
Python: 50 modules for all needs
Graphical interface wxPython http://wxpython.org
Graphical interface pyGtk http://www.pygtk.org
Graphical interface pyQT http://www.riverbankcomputing.co.uk/pyqt/
Graphical interface Pmw http://pmw.sourceforge.net/
Graphical interface Tkinter 3000 http://effbot.org/zone/wck.htm
Graphical interface Tix http://tix.sourceforge.net/
Database MySQLdb http://sourceforge.net/projects/mysql-python
Database PyGreSQL http://www.pygresql.org/
Database Gadfly http://gadfly.sourceforge.net/
Database SQLAlchemy http://www.sqlalchemy.org/
Database psycopg http://www.initd.org/pub/software/psycopg/
Database kinterbasdb http://kinterbasdb.sourceforge.net/
Database cx_Oracle http://www.cxtools.net/default.aspx?nav=downloads
Database pySQLite http://initd.org/tracker/pysqlite
MSN Messenger msnlib http://auriga.wearlab.de/~alb/msnlib/
MSN Messenger pymsn http://telepathy.freedesktop.org/wiki/Pymsn
MSN Messenger msnp http://msnp.sourceforge.net/
Network Twisted http://twistedmatrix.com/
Images PIL http://www.pythonware.com/products/pil/
Images gdmodule http://newcenturycomputers.net/projects/gdmodule.html
Images VideoCapture http://videocapture.sourceforge.net/
Sciences and Maths scipy http://www.scipy.org/
Sciences and Maths NumPy http://numpy.scipy.org//
Sciences and Maths numarray http://www.stsci.edu/resources/software_hardware/numarray
Sciences and Maths matplotlib http://matplotlib.sourceforge.net/
Games Pygame http://www.pygame.org/news.html
Games Pyglet http://www.pyglet.org/
Games PySoy http://www.pysoy.org/
Games pyOpenGL http://pyopengl.sourceforge.net/
Jabber jabberpy http://jabberpy.sourceforge.net/
Web scrape http://zesty.ca/python/scrape.html
Web Beautiful Soup http://crummy.com/software/BeautifulSoup
Web pythonweb http://www.pythonweb.org/
Web mechanize http://wwwsearch.sourceforge.net/mechanize/
Localisation geoname.py http://www.zindep.com/blog-zindep/Geoname-python/
Serial port pySerial http://pyserial.sourceforge.net/
Serial port USPP http://ibarona.googlepages.com/uspp
Parallel Port pyParallel http://pyserial.sourceforge.net/pyparallel.html
USB Port pyUSB http://bleyer.org/pyusb/
Windows ctypes http://starship.python.net/crew/theller/ctypes/
Windows pywin32 http://sourceforge.net/projects/pywin32/
Windows pywinauto http://www.openqa.org/pywinauto/
Windows pyrtf http://pyrtf.sourceforge.net/
Windows wmi http://timgolden.me.uk/python/wmi.html
PDA/GSM/Mobiles pymo http://www.awaretek.com/pymo.html
PDA/GSM/Mobiles pyS60 http://sourceforge.net/projects/pys60
Sound pySoundic http://pysonic.sourceforge.net/
Sound pyMedia http://pymedia.org/
Sound FMOD http://www.fmod.org/
Sound pyMIDI http://www.cs.unc.edu/Research/assist/developer.shtml
GMail libgmail http://libgmail.sourceforge.net/
Google pyGoogle http://pygoogle.sourceforge.net/
Expect pyExpect http://pexpect.sourceforge.net/
WordNet pyWordNet http://osteele.com/projects/pywordnet/
Command line cmd http://blog.doughellmann.com/2008/05/pymotw-cmd.html
Compiler backend llvm-py http://mdevan.nfshost.com/llvm-py/
3D VPython http://vpython.org
