Python基础之用PyQt5界面代码分离以及自定义一个槽函数

最近开发一个项目,需要用到界面,遇到界面不能实时更新的问题,看到网上很多用槽函数,但是大多都是些button的,并不是我需要的,要么就是整数的,后来自己进行尝试,写了一个自定义的槽函数处理treewidget,特地分享出来。

背景:用QT Designer设计了一个界面,在程序运行中间调用界面,并随着程序的运行会更新treewidget。

 

问题1:如果在界面Class中写运行程序,那么结果会等到程序运行结束,最后界面出来,但是此时界面上已经是最终结果

解答:因为会等到程序结束才会加入界面mainloop中,执行到最后一句话,界面才会显示,所以解决办法就是将中间需要处理的代码放到线程中,这样就不会妨碍程序往下走了。

 

问题二:在线程中代码会需要更新界面,但是界面往往卡顿,只有鼠标点cmd窗口,在点回界面时,数据才刷新,不能更好的看到程序运行的结果。

解答:PyQt5中不友好支持子线程中对界面的设置,需要使用槽函数,信号触发的方式来更新界面。

 

为了更好的演示,这里先介绍一下把界面和代码分离的方法

现在开始自定义槽函数。

先看分离后的函数:

treeview4_test.py

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow, QFileDialog
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
import treeview4
import treeview_data
import sys


class MainCode(QMainWindow, treeview4.Ui_MainWindow):

    def __init__(self):
        QMainWindow.__init__(self)
        treeview4.Ui_MainWindow.__init__(self)
        self.setupUi(self)
        # 设置列宽
        self.treeWidget.setColumnWidth(0, 200)

        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        self.initial_tree_view(_translate)
        self.treeWidget.expandAll()

    def initial_tree_view(self, _translate):
        list_objects = []
        test1 = treeview_data.DataCollection()
        test1.set_module({"Test1": "waiting"})
        test1.add_item({"a1": "waiting"})
        test1.add_item({"b1": "waiting"})
        test1.add_item({"c1": "waiting"})
        list_objects.append(test1)

        test2 = treeview_data.DataCollection()
        test2.set_module({"Test2": "waiting"})
        test2.add_item({"a2": "waiting"})
        test2.add_item({"b2": "waiting"})
        test2.add_item({"c2": "waiting"})
        test2.add_item({"d2": "waiting"})
        list_objects.append(test2)

        test3 = treeview_data.DataCollection()
        test3.set_module({"Test3": "waiting"})
        test3.add_item({"a2": "waiting"})
        test3.add_item({"b2": "waiting"})
        test3.add_item({"c2": "waiting"})
        test3.add_item({"d2": "waiting"})
        list_objects.append(test3)

        for object_num, object_module in enumerate(list_objects):
            item_0 = QtWidgets.QTreeWidgetItem(self.treeWidget)
            brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(176, 165, 172))
            brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
            item_0.setBackground(0, brush)
            for module_name, module_result in object_module.module.items():
                brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 255, 0))
                brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
                item_0.setBackground(1, brush)
                self.treeWidget.topLevelItem(object_num).setText(0, _translate("MainWindow", module_name))
                self.treeWidget.topLevelItem(object_num).setText(1, _translate("MainWindow", module_result))
            for item_num, item_dic in enumerate(object_module.items):
                for item_name, item_result in item_dic.items():
                    item_1 = QtWidgets.QTreeWidgetItem(item_0)
                    self.treeWidget.topLevelItem(object_num).child(item_num).setText(0, _translate("MainWindow",
                                                                                                   item_name))
                    self.treeWidget.topLevelItem(object_num).child(item_num).setText(1, _translate("MainWindow",
                                                                                                   item_result))


if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    md = MainCode()
    md.show()
    app.exec_()
    # sys.exit(app.exec_())
View Code

 

然后调用子线程进行刷新:

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow, QFileDialog
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
import treeview4
import treeview_data
import sys
import threading
import time


class MainCode(QMainWindow, treeview4.Ui_MainWindow):
    list_result_update = QtCore.pyqtSignal([int, int, str])

    def __init__(self):
        QMainWindow.__init__(self)
        treeview4.Ui_MainWindow.__init__(self)
        self.setupUi(self)
        # 设置列宽
        self.treeWidget.setColumnWidth(0, 200)

        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        self.initial_tree_view(_translate)
        self.treeWidget.expandAll()
        # 用列表触发槽函数
        self.list_result_update.connect(self.modified_treewidget)
        # 线程函数
        self.run()

    def run(self):
        th = threading.Thread(target=self.go_update)
        th.setDaemon(True)
        th.start()

    def initial_tree_view(self, _translate):
        list_objects = []
        test1 = treeview_data.DataCollection()
        test1.set_module({"Test1": "waiting"})
        test1.add_item({"a1": "waiting"})
        test1.add_item({"b1": "waiting"})
        test1.add_item({"c1": "waiting"})
        list_objects.append(test1)

        test2 = treeview_data.DataCollection()
        test2.set_module({"Test2": "waiting"})
        test2.add_item({"a2": "waiting"})
        test2.add_item({"b2": "waiting"})
        test2.add_item({"c2": "waiting"})
        test2.add_item({"d2": "waiting"})
        list_objects.append(test2)

        test3 = treeview_data.DataCollection()
        test3.set_module({"Test3": "waiting"})
        test3.add_item({"a2": "waiting"})
        test3.add_item({"b2": "waiting"})
        test3.add_item({"c2": "waiting"})
        test3.add_item({"d2": "waiting"})
        list_objects.append(test3)

        for object_num, object_module in enumerate(list_objects):
            item_0 = QtWidgets.QTreeWidgetItem(self.treeWidget)
            brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(176, 165, 172))
            brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
            item_0.setBackground(0, brush)
            for module_name, module_result in object_module.module.items():
                brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 255, 0))
                brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
                item_0.setBackground(1, brush)
                self.treeWidget.topLevelItem(object_num).setText(0, _translate("MainWindow", module_name))
                self.treeWidget.topLevelItem(object_num).setText(1, _translate("MainWindow", module_result))
            for item_num, item_dic in enumerate(object_module.items):
                for item_name, item_result in item_dic.items():
                    item_1 = QtWidgets.QTreeWidgetItem(item_0)
                    self.treeWidget.topLevelItem(object_num).child(item_num).setText(0, _translate("MainWindow",
                                                                                                   item_name))
                    self.treeWidget.topLevelItem(object_num).child(item_num).setText(1, _translate("MainWindow",
                                                                                                   item_result))

    def modified_treewidget(self, num_one, num_two, str_one):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        self.treeWidget.topLevelItem(num_one).child(num_two).setText(1, _translate(
            "MainWindow",
            str_one))

    def go_update(self):
        time.sleep(1)
        # 更新treeview
        self.list_result_update.emit(1, 1, "aaaaaaa")


if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    md = MainCode()
    md.show()
    app.exec_()
    # sys.exit(app.exec_())
View Code

 

现在就完成了自定义槽函数了。

posted @ 2020-01-11 15:13  o云淡风轻o  阅读(3023)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报