第二十七篇 -- 学习第四十五天打卡20190810

学习书籍《剑桥商务英语中级词汇精选》乱序版

Day07

Day41

occur [ə'kɜː(r)] vi.发生；存在；出现；被想到
    例：It never occurred to me that our company will be listed on the NASDAQ one day.
    我从来没有想过，有一天我们的公司会在纳斯达克上市。
    派：occurrence n.发生 
    
knock-down ['nɒkdaʊn] adj.(价格)低廉的；强有力的 n.击倒
    例：The tycoons try to buy key state assets at knock-down prices through bribery.
    这些大亨试图通过贿赂以及其低廉的价格购买核心国有资产。
    
outlet ['aʊtlet] n.出口，出路；(感情、精力等的)发泄途径(或方法)；渠道；销路；品牌折扣店
    例：The financial crisis is bad for others, but it is the best outlet for his talents.
    金融危机对别人来说很糟糕，但对他来说却是施展才能的最佳机会。
    商：open up an outlet 打开销路/retail outlet 零售店
    
decrease ['di:kri:s] n.减少；减少量
    例：There was a slight decrease in exports during the last two months.
    在过去的两个月里，出口略有下滑
    搭：decrease by 减少了(。。。数量或百分比)/decrease in 减少，下降
    
pledge [pledʒ] v.保证，许诺 n.保证，誓言；抵押；抵押品
    例：The government pledges that it will continue to improve the residents' income level.
    政府保证将继续提高居民的收入水平。
    商：unredeemed pledge 未赎回的抵押品
    搭：pledge of support 许诺帮助/give a pledge that 保证/honour one's pledge 实现某人的承诺/pledge allegiance to 保证对...的忠诚
    
purpose ['pɜːpəs] n.目的，意图；议题；意志，决心
    例：The board meeting was called for the purpose of discussing the reform of the company's organisational structure.
    召开董事会的目的是讨论公司的组织结构改革。
    搭：on purpose 故意地，有意地/to no purpose 作用不大地，徒劳地
    派：purposeful adj.有目的的；果断的/purposeless adj.无目的的；无意义的/purposefulness n.目的性
    
discipline ['dɪsəplɪn] n.纪律；学科；训练 vt.训练；使有纪律；处罚
    例：The new employee was dismissed because he did not keep good discipline during office time.
    这位新员工因在上班时间不守纪律而被开除。
    搭：discipline sb. for sth.因某事处罚某人/discipline oneself 严格要求自己
    派：disciplined adj.纪律严明的/disciplinary adj.规律的；训练的；学科的
    
straight [streɪt] adj.直的；连续的；笔直的；整齐的；坦诚的 adv.直接地；不断地；坦率地；立即 n.直；直线
    例：We'd better be straight with each other to solve the problem together.
    我们最好开诚布公，共同来解决问题。
    商：straight line depreciation 直线折旧法
    搭：get sth.straight 弄清楚某事/straight away 立即；马上/play it straight 诚实无欺
    派：straighten v.整顿；(使)变直；(使)好转(例：straighten out finances 清理财务)
    
store [stɔː(r)] n.商店；储备，贮藏；仓库 vt.贮藏，储存
    例：Every country should store sufficient grain and currency in case of need.
    每个国家都应储备足够的粮食和货币以备不时之需。
    商：store audit 存货审计/department store 百货商店/chain store 连锁店
    搭：store sth. up 储存；积聚

cater for 供应
    例：It is hard for the retailers to cater for different tasts around the local market.
    零售商很难满足当地市场的不同需求
    


Day42

volume ['vɒlju:m] n.贸易额；体积，容积；大量，许多；音量；书；册，本，卷
    商：business volume 营业额/sales volume 销售额/volume business 大批量交易/volume discount 总额折扣
    派：voluminous adj.庞大地；大部头的
    
onset ['ɒnset] n.(爆发性的)开始；着手
    例：With the onset of war, all the international trade will be influenced.
    战争一爆发，所有的国际贸易都将受到影响。
    
governor ['gʌvənə(r)] n.管理者；理事，董事；总督；省长；镇长
    商：board of governors 董事会；理事会/Governor General总督
    
inquiry [ɪn'kwaɪəri] n.调查；询问；询价
    搭：telephone inquiry 电话查询/hold an inquiry into the affair 对该事件进行调查
    派：inquirer n.询问者/inquiring adj.询问的，探听的
    写作小站：
    Once we get your specific inquiry, we will email our quotation to you as soon as possible.
    一旦收到贵方的具体询价，我方将尽快把报价用邮件发给贵方。
    
gateway ['geɪtweɪ] n.出入口；网络连接装置；网关；途径，手段
    例：This precious experience offered me a gateway to the well paid foreign enterprises.
    这份宝贵的经历为我打开了通向待遇丰厚的外资企业的大门。
    商：IP address of the gateway 网关的IP地址
    
flotation [fləʊ'teɪʃn] n.(公司等的)成立，创办，筹资，开办；(债券、股票的)发行
    例：The company has developed rapidly since its flotation in 2000.
    自2000年创办以来，这家公司发展得非常迅速。
    商：flotation price/shares 上市价格/股份/prepare for (a) flotation 准备上市
    
mortgage ['mɔːgɪdʒ] n.抵押(贷款) vt.抵押；抵押
    例：He went bankrupt and had to mortgage the luxurious car to pay the bills.
    他破产了，不得不将豪车抵押来支付这些款项
    商：morgage debenture 抵押债券/mortgage loan 按揭贷款
    派：mortgagor n.抵押人/mortgagee n.承押人
    
offend [ə'fend] vt.冒犯，使不愉快 vi.违反；进攻；引起不悦
    例：She apologised for her behaviour and said that she didn't mean to affend them. 
    她为她的行为表示道歉，并说她无意冒犯他们。
    搭：offend against the law 触犯法律
    派：offender n.违法者；妨害...的人(或物)/offending adj.令人不愉快的；烦人的；违法的
    
currency ['kʌrənsi] n.通货，货币；通行，流行
    商：hard currency 硬通货/foreign currency reserve 外汇储备/currency and futures contract 货币和期货合同
    
need [ni:d] n.需要；必要之物 v.需要
    例：The company is increaseing its production to meet the needs of customers.
    该公司正在增加产量，以便满足客户的需求
    搭：need to do sth.需要做某事/need doing (某事)需要被做/be in need of 需要/if need be 如果有必要的话
    派：needy n.贫困的/needful adj.必要的/needless adj.不必要的(例：needless to say 不用说)




Day43

insistence [ɪn'sɪstəns] n.坚持；强调；坚决主张
    例：China has made a great contribution to the world economy for its insistence on not devaluating its currency during the global financial crisis.
    中国在全球金融危机的情况下坚持货币不贬值，为世界经济作出了巨大的贡献。
    搭：at one's insistence 在某人的坚持下
    派：insistent adj.坚持的；持续的
    
forward ['fɔːwəd] vt.促进；发送，转寄 adj.向前的；远期的，期货的 adv.向前，提前地 n.前锋
    例：Such a investment structure is helpful to push forward the long-term development of company business.
    这种投资结构有助于推动公司业务的长期发展
    商：forward foreign exchange 远期外汇交易/forward integration 生产、批发、零售一体化/forwarding address 转寄地址/forwarding agent 运输商；转运公司
    搭：look forward to 期待/put forward 提出/forward sth. to sb.将某物转交给某人
    派：forwardness n.热心；鲁莽
    
bound [baʊnd] adj.密切关联的；有义务的，受约束的 n.跳跃，弹回 vi.跳跃；反弹 vt.使弹回；束缚
    例：The economic development is still bound to the increase of population and environmental protection.
    经济发展仍然与人口增长和环境保护紧密相连。
    搭：be bound up with sth. 和某事联系密切/be bound together by 因...而紧密相连/be bound to do sth.一定会做某事/in leaps and bounds 非常迅速地
    派：boundary n.界限/boundless adj.无限的；无止境的/bounden adj.不可推卸的；有责任的(例：bounden duty 不可推卸的责任)
    
caterer ['keɪtərə(r)] n.(为大型活动提供服务的)饮食供应商
    例：The former caterer is now the president of a chained catering enterprise.
    昔日的饮食供应商如今成了一家连锁餐饮企业的总裁。
    
assistance [ə'sɪstəns] n.援助，帮助；辅助设备
    商：economic assistance 经济援助/legal assistance 法律援助
    搭：with the assistance of 在...的帮助下/be of assistance to 对...有帮助
    
clientele [,kli:ən'tel] n.[总统]委托人；主顾，客户
    例：The company has a mixed clientele because their products are suitable for clients from different walks of life.
    这个公司是什么样的客户都有，因为他们的产品适合各行各业的客户。
    
    
    
Day43

if you find a path with no obstacles, it probably doesn't lead any where.
太容易的路，可能根本无法带你去任何地方。

workload ['wɜːkləʊd] n.工作量
    例：We are applying to increase the workforce to cope with the increased workload.
    我们申请增加劳动力来应对增加的工作量。
    
breakthrough ['breɪkθru:] n.突破；突破性进展；重大发现
    例：If we want to make significant technology breakthroughs, we will have to attract more talent to our company.
    如果我们箱子啊技术上取得重大突破，就必须吸引更多的人才来我们公司。
    搭：achieve a breakthrough in 在...上取得突破
    
lessee [le'si:] n.承租人
    例：The lessee should not violate the contract and change the original layout of the house.
    承租人不能违反合同，改变房屋原有布局。
    
listed ['lɪstɪd] adj.列出的；上市的
    商：listed company 上市公司/listed securities 上市证券/to be listed 上市
    搭：listed building 正式列入文物保护范围的建筑物
    
plough [plaʊ] vt.犁地，耕地；在投资 n.犁 
    例：In order to expand production, the factory ploughed all the benefits back into the project.
    为了扩大生产，这家工厂将所有收益又投入到了这个项目中。
    搭：plough sth.back into(把赚来的钱)在投资/plough sth. into (把大笔资金)投入/plough on 继续做(困难或枯燥的事情)
    
relocate [,ri:ləʊ'keɪt] v.迁移；重新安置
    例：For the requirement of further development, the company relocated its headquarters from the suburbs to the central business district.
    出于进一步发展的需要，这家公司将其总部从郊区迁到中心商业区
    派：relocation n.搬迁(例：relocation expenses 搬迁费用)
    
goal [gəʊl] n.目的，目标
    商：sales goal 销售目标/annual goal 年度目标/expected goal 预期目标
    搭：ultimate goal 终极目标/achieve/attain a goal 实现目标
    
distract [dɪ'strækt] vt.转移；使分心
    例：The overseas disputes distract domestic attention from the complaints about the government.
    海外争端分散了国内人民对政府不满的注意力。
    搭：distract sb. from sth. 使某人不能专心做某事
    派：distracted adj.注意力分散的；心烦意乱的/distracting adj.令人分心的(例：a distracting idea 一个令人分心的想法)/distraction n.使人分心的事；消遣
    
chokepoint ['tʃəʊk,pɒɪnt] n.阻塞点
    例：A shortage of funds has become a serious chokepoint impeding the development of many Chinese technology companies.
    资金缺乏已经严重地阻碍了中国许多技术公司的发展。
    
restructure [,ri:'strʌktʃə(r)] vt.重建；调整；重组
    例：The economic recession forced the company to restructure to cut costs.
    经济衰退迫使这家公司进行重组来消减成本。
    商：restructure the economy 调整经济结构
    派：restructuring n.重建；调整；重组(例：restructuring costs 重组成本)
    

Day44

unfair [,ʌn'feə(r)] adj.不公平的，不公正的
    商：unfair competition 不公平竞争/unfair treatment 不公正待遇/unfair dismissal 不正当解雇
    派：unfairly adv.不公平地/unfairness n.不公平，不公正
    
keyword ['ki:wɜːd] n.关键字
    例：It is easy for you to input the keywords and search relevant information on the Internet.
    输入关键字在互联网上搜索相关信息对你来说很容易。
    
complement ['kɒmplɪment] vt.补充 ['kɒmplɪmənt] n.补足，补充；补充物
    例：A private economy is a necessary complement to a stateowned economy under a socialist market economy.
    在社会主义市场经济条件下，私有经济是对国有经济的必要补充。
    派：complementary adj.补充的，补足的(例：a complementary medicine 一种辅助药物)
    
user group 用户组；用户集团
    例：Only when the computer is added to the user group can it connect to other computers in the group.
    只有当这台电脑被添加到用户组中，它才能连接到这个组中的其他电脑。
    
directory [dɪ'rektəri] n.指南；号码簿；理事会，董事会
    商：trade directory 商行名录/directory en-quiries 电话号码查询台
    
disability benefit 残疾抚恤金
    例：No excuse should be given for an enterprise to be in arrears for workers' disability benefits.
    任何企业不得以任何借口拖欠工人的残疾抚恤金
    
team [ti:m] n.队；组 v.(使)合作
    商：team spirit 团队精神；合作精神
    派：teamwork n.协同工作；配合
    写作小站：
    The automaker planned to team up with Nissan to produce its own low-cost car.
    这个汽车制造商打算与尼桑公司合作，生产自己的低成本汽车。
    
clerical ['klerɪkl] adj.职员的，办公室工作的
    例：He felt very proud to become a clerical assistant at a world-renowned enterprise.
    他为自己成为一家国际知名企业的文书助理而感到非常自豪
    搭：clerical staff 办公文员
    
vary ['veəri] vt.改变；使多样化；变奏 vi.变化；变异；违反
    例：The order amount and the package requirements vary from customer to customer.
    客户在订单数量与包装要求方面的需求各不相同。
    搭：vary according to 根据...变化/vary with 随着...变化/vary between A and B 在两者之间变化
    派：variation n.变化；变量；变种；变奏(曲)/various adj.各种各样的
    
appreciate [ə'pri:ʃieɪt] vt.欣赏；重视；感激；体谅 vi.增值；涨价
    例：Gold will not appreciate in value in the short run.
    黄金在短期内不会升值。
    派：appreciative adj.感激的；赏识
    写作小站：
    We appreciate your kind understanding and early reply.
    我们非常感谢您的理解和及时回复。
    
    
Day45

complaint [kəm'pleɪnt] n.投诉；抱怨
    例：The customer made a complaint against the restaurant for its bas service.
    这位顾客投诉这家餐馆的服务太差。
    搭：make a complaint 提出投诉/grounds for complaint 抱怨的理由/complaint about/against sth.对...不满，对...进行投诉/complaint department 顾客意见接待处；投诉部
    
typical ['tɪpɪkl] adj.典型的；特有的；一贯的，平常的
    例：Boldness and uniqueness are the typical characteristics of the conpany's investment strategy.
    大胆和独特是这家公司投资策略的典型特征。
    派：typically adv.通常；典型地
    
extreme [ɪk'stri:m] adj.极端的，极度的 n.极端，最大程度
    例：The government is impelled to take extreme measures to cope with the increasing inflation.
    政府被迫采取了一些极端的措施来应对日益严重的通货膨胀。
    搭：go to extremes 走极端/in the extreme 极度；非常/the opposite extreme 另一个极端
    派：extremely adv.非常，极其；极端得/extremism n.极端主义/extremist n.极端分子
    
entry ['entri] n.进入；入口；条目；登记；报关手续；对建筑物的侵占
    商：entry charge/visa 入境费/签证/bill of entry 报关单/double-entry bookkeeping复式簿记
    搭：data entry clerk 数据输入员/entry into 进入 
    
withhold [wið'həʊld] vt.拒绝；保留；抑制，阻止；隐瞒
    例：The information was withheld temporarily in case it caused a panic in the market.
    这条消息被暂时隐瞒了下来，以防引起市场恐慌。
    商：withholding tax 预扣税/withhold the payment 扣留账款；暂不付款
    
hierarchy ['haɪərɑːki] n.层级；登记制度
    例：There is a rigid hierarchy in this company, and the employees' basic salary is based on it.
    这家公司有严格的等级制度，员工的基本工资就是参照它来制定的。
    搭：social hierarchy 社会等级制度/hierarchy of needs 不同层次的需要
    派：hierarchical adj.等级制度的；按等级划分的
    
accord [ə'kɔːd] n.符合；一致；协议；自愿 v.(使)一致 
    例：China and America finally reached an accord on Chinese textile exports.
    中国和美国最终在中国纺织品出口问题上达成一致。
    搭：in accord with 与...一致/of one's accord 出于自愿/with one accord 一致地/accord with sth. 和...一致 
    
upturn ['ʌptɜːn] n.好转；改善；提高
    例：The sales volume of this food company is experiencing an upturn.
    这家食品公司的销售额正在增长。
    商：economic/market upturn 经济/市场好转/upturn in profits 利润回升
    搭：on the upturn 好转 
    派：upturned adj.向上翘的；上下翻转过来的
    
printer ['prɪntə(r)] n.打印机；印刷工
    搭：laser/colour printer 激光/彩色打印机/work as a printer 当印刷工
    
shortage ['ʃɔːtɪdʒ] n.缺乏，缺少；不足
    例：The company got a large loan to solve the problem of shortage of funds.
    这家公司贷了一大笔款以解决资金不足的问题。
    搭：staff/fund shortage 人员/资金不足