[Android学习系列9]关于Fragment的一些事

在界面上加入fragment?

方法1.用fragmentManager 和 fragmentTransaction 把fragment    add上去

方法2.用viewpager 绑定一个 对应fragment的适配器

 

 

Fragment动画过渡效果

http://blog.csdn.net/mayingcai1987/article/details/6341608

http://www.cnblogs.com/lcyty/archive/2013/10/23/3383960.html

 

Android基础之使用Fragment控制切换多个页面

http://www.jb51.net/article/40108.htm

 

fragment 和 activity 的生命周期对比

http://blog.csdn.net/think_soft/article/details/7272869

 

 

理解fragment事务的栈

在事务操作里每一次操作fragment后 addToBackStack( "tag名" )    把当前操作状态压入栈里

popBackStack()   可以弹出一个状态

popBackStack("tag名",0) 可以弹栈一直弹到栈顶为"tag名"的那个状态

popBackStack("tag名",FragmentManager.POP_BACK_STACK_INCLUSIVE)   可以弹栈一直弹到"tag名"前的那个状态,(也就是把"tag名")弹出去

作用: 

用户按下后退键后,将会返回栈里的前一个状态,而不是直接关闭当前fragment所在的activity

 

 

 

 

参考资料:

android Fragments详解一:概述

android Fragments详解二:创建Fragment

android Fragments详解三:实现Fragment的界面

android Fragments详解四:管理fragment

android Fragments详解五:与activity通讯

android Fragments详解六:处理fragement的生命周期

android Fragments详解七:fragement示例

 

 

 

附上一个练习代码,有时间再补充说明

package com.example.test_fragment;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.Fragment;
import android.app.FragmentManager;
import android.app.FragmentTransaction;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
	
	FragmentManager fragmentManager;  //fragment管理器
	FragmentTransaction fragmentTransaction;  //事务
	
	Fragment fragmentA;
	Fragment fragmentB;
	
	//各种按钮
	Button btA,btB,btRemoveA,btRemoveB,btReplaceA,btReplaceB;
	Button btAttachA,btDetachA;
	

	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
		
		//创建fragment管理器
		fragmentManager = getFragmentManager();
		
		btA = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button1);
		btB = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button2);
		
		btRemoveA  = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button3);
		btRemoveB = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button4);
		
		btReplaceA = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button5); //把A换成B
		btReplaceB = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button6); //把B换成A
		
		btAttachA = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button7);  //attach fragmentA
		btDetachA = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button8);  //detach fragmentA
		
		initListener();
		
	
	}
	
	
	private void initListener() {
		
		btA.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
			
			@Override
			public void onClick(View arg0) {
				addFragmentA();
			}
		});
		
		
		btB.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
			
			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				addFragmentB();
			}
		});
		
		btRemoveA.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
			
			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				removeFramgent("A");
			}
		});
		
		
		btRemoveB.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
			
			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				removeFramgent("B");
			}
		});
		
		
		btReplaceA.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
			
			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				replaceFragment("A");
			}

			
		});
		
		
		btReplaceB.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
			
			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				replaceFragment("B");
			}

			
		});
		
		btAttachA.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
			
			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				attachA();
			}

		});
		
		
		btDetachA.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
			
			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				detachA();
			}
		});
	}


	public void addFragmentA() {
		
		//先建立好fragment对象
		fragmentA = new FragmentA();
		
		
		//开始事务
		fragmentTransaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
		
		//添加fragment  
		//参数1  fragment所在layout的id
		//参数2  fragment对象
		//参数3  用来代表这个fragment 的一个tag 之后可以通过tag来找这个fragment
		fragmentTransaction.add(R.id.fragmentholder, fragmentA, "A");
		
		//结束事务
		fragmentTransaction.commit();
		
	}
	
	public void addFragmentB() {
		
		fragmentB = new FragmentB();

		//开始事务
		fragmentTransaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
		fragmentTransaction.add(R.id.fragmentholder, fragmentB, "B");
		//结束
		fragmentTransaction.commit();
		
		
	}
	
	public void removeFramgent(String str) {
		
		Fragment deletedFragment = (Fragment)fragmentManager.findFragmentByTag(str);
		if(deletedFragment != null)
		{
			//开始事务
			fragmentTransaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
			fragmentTransaction.remove(deletedFragment);
			//结束
			fragmentTransaction.commit();
		}
		else
		{
			Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "没有找到要remove的fragment", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
		}
	}
	
	
	public void replaceFragment(String str) {
		if(str == "A")
		{
			Fragment fragment = new FragmentB();
			//开始事务喽
			fragmentTransaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
			//第一个参数  fragment所在的layout id
			//第二个参数  新的fragment
			//第三个参数  新的fragment的tag
			fragmentTransaction.replace(R.id.fragmentholder, fragment, "B");
			//结束事务喽
			fragmentTransaction.commit();
		}
		else if(str == "B")
		{
			Fragment fragment = new FragmentA();
			fragmentTransaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
			fragmentTransaction.replace(R.id.fragmentholder, fragment, "A");
			fragmentTransaction.commit();
		}
		
	}
	
	public void attachA() {
		
		//获得fragmentA的引用,第一次一定要先add  然后才能通过tag找到
		//流程如下
		//先add(add里面包括了attach)  然后fragment就会 和activity  联系
		//然后 detach  此时fragment就会和activity解除联系  
		//(注意,detach和remove不同的地方就是解除联系后没有删掉它,还可以通过它的tag找到它)
		//最后通过attach 可以把解除联系后的fragment在重新绑定到activity界面
		Fragment fragment = (Fragment)fragmentManager.findFragmentByTag("A");
		//开启事务
		fragmentTransaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
		if( fragment != null ) {
			fragmentTransaction.attach(fragment);
			fragmentTransaction.commit();
		}
		else if( fragment == null)
		{
			Toast.makeText(this, "没找到要attach的fragment", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
		}
		
	}
	
	
	public void detachA() {
		
		//detach 的minSdkVersion 居然是13,所以我的minSdkVersion 从8 改到 11 再改到 13
		
		Fragment fragment = (Fragment)fragmentManager.findFragmentByTag("A");
		//开启事务
		fragmentTransaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
		if( fragment != null ) {
			fragmentTransaction.detach(fragment);
			fragmentTransaction.commit();
		}
		else if( fragment == null)
		{
			Toast.makeText(this, "没找到要detach的fragment", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
		}
	}
	

	@Override
	public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
		// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
		getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
		return true;
	}

}

 

 

 

主界面布局  一些按钮  和一个用来装 fragment的linearlayout

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

        <LinearLayout
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" >

            <Button
                android:id="@+id/button1"
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:text="add fragmeA" />

            <Button
                android:id="@+id/button2"
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:text="add fragmentB" />

        </LinearLayout>

        <LinearLayout
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" >

            <Button
                android:id="@+id/button3"
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:text="remove fragmentA" />

            <Button
                android:id="@+id/button5"
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:text="用B换A" />

        </LinearLayout>

        <LinearLayout
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" >

            <Button
                android:id="@+id/button4"
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:text="remove fragmentB" />

            <Button
                android:id="@+id/button6"
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:text="用A换B" />

        </LinearLayout>

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" >

        <Button
            android:id="@+id/button7"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="Attach A" />

        <Button
            android:id="@+id/button8"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="detach A" />

    </LinearLayout>

    <LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/fragmentholder"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="120dp"
        android:orientation="vertical" >
    </LinearLayout>

</LinearLayout>

  

  

 fragment a 的布局

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="100dp"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:background="#ddd" >
    
    <TextView 
        android:text="这里是fragment a"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="fill_parent"/>
    

</LinearLayout>

  

 

fragment b 的布局

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="100dp"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:background="#CEDDED" >
    
    <TextView 
        android:text="这里是fragment b"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="fill_parent"/>
    

</LinearLayout>

  

  

 

 

 

posted @ 2014-04-23 10:13  粪粪滔  阅读(300)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报