多线程处理中Future的妙用
java 中Future是一个未来对象,里面保存这线程处理结果,它像一个提货凭证,拿着它你可以随时去提取结果。在两种情况下,离开Future几乎很难办。一种情况是拆分订单,比如你的应用收到一个批量订单,此时如果要求最快的处理订单,那么需要并发处理,并发的结果如果收集,这个问题如果自己去编程将非常繁琐,此时可以使用CompletionService解决这个问题。CompletionService将Future收集到一个队列里,可以按结果处理完成的先后顺序进队。另外一种情况是,如果你需要并发去查询一些东西(比如爬虫),并发查询只要有一个结果返回,你就认为查询到了,并且结束查询,这时也需要用CompletionService和Future来解决。直接上代码更直观:
import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import java.util.Random; import java.util.concurrent.Callable; import java.util.concurrent.CompletionService; import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorCompletionService; import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService; import java.util.concurrent.Executors; import java.util.concurrent.Future; public class CompletionServiceTest { static int numThread =100; static ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(numThread); public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{ //data表示批量任务 int[] data =new int[100]; for(int i=1;i<100000;i++){ int idx =i % 100; data[idx] =i; if(i%100==0){ testCompletionService(data); data =new int[100]; } } } private static void testCompletionService(int [] data) throws Exception{ CompletionService<Object> ecs = new ExecutorCompletionService<Object>(executor); for(int i=0;i<data.length;i++){ final Integer t=data[i]; ecs.submit(new Callable<Object>() { public Object call() { try { Thread.sleep(new Random().nextInt(1000)); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return t; } }); } //CompletionService会按处理完后顺序返回结果 List<Object> res =new ArrayList<Object>(); for(int i = 0;i<data.length;i++ ){ Future<Object> f = ecs.take(); res.add(f.get()); } System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+":"+res); } private static void testBasicFuture(int [] data) throws Exception{ List<Future<Object>> res =new ArrayList<Future<Object>>(); for(int i=0;i<data.length;i++){ final Integer t=data[i]; Future<Object> future=executor.submit(new Callable<Object>() { public Object call() { return t; } }); res.add(future); } for(int i = 0;i<res.size();i++ ){ Future<Object> f = res.get(i); Object rObject =f.get(); System.out.print(":"+rObject); } System.out.println("LN"); } }