Linux环境 64位CentOS 6.4 php5.5.28 以上连接SqlServer2008【全网最经典无错版】 FreeTDS版本:0.95
Linux环境PHP5.5以上连接SqlServer2008【全网最经典无错版】
http://blog.csdn.net/21aspnet/article/details/47451253
Linux版本:64位CentOS 6.4
Nginx版本:nginx1.8.0
PHP版本:php5.5.28
Sqlserver版本:2008
FreeTDS版本:0.95
关于linux环境安装Nginx+php参考Linux环境Nginx安装与调试以及PHP安装 即可。
一般来说,PHP+MySQL是最经典的组合,跑在Linux环境是非常好的,如果是PHP+Sqlserver是跑在windows环境下的。
今天需要Linux环境下PHP调用Sqlserver,用了一天的时间,终于把这个问题彻底研究清楚,网上其他类似文章我大都看了,其实有的是因为太久远不适用,有的有错误,还有的有几个关键问题没有说清楚,看此文其他可以忽略了,说真的踩坑真的很累,也没必要,照着这篇来做就是,所以本文才号称是全网最经典无错版,其实这么说主要是希望大家节省时间。
1.首先需要编译安装FreeTDS
说明:一定要从官网下载最新的版本FreeTDS-0.95 ftp://ftp.freetds.org/pub/freetds/stable/freetds-patched.tar.gz
如果官网实在太慢建议从本人上传的这里一样很快下载:http://download.csdn.net/detail/21aspnet/9000357
# wget ftp://ftp.freetds.org/pub/freetds/stable/freetds-patched.tar.gz # tar -zxvf freetds-patched.tar.gz # cd freetds-0.95
需要注意的就是这里的--with-tdsver=7.3,这个非常重要,你需要根据你的数据库版本选择正确的配置项,由于现在大多是SQLserve2008所以需要选择7.3.
关于这个问题网上有的说是7.1,也有的说是7.2,甚至有的说是8.0,可以看文末参考帖子,不过那些说的都有问题。
造成这个配置项混乱的根源是很多人用的是FreeTDS-0.91,经过我的测试FreeTDS-0.91只支持7.1,如果是7.2以上配置那么通通会变为5.0。
其实参考官网的文档就知道这个问题了,不过由于很多人下载了旧版FreeTDS-0.91,即使设置为--with-tdsver=7.2以上也没有用。
总结:FreeTDS-0.91只支持7.1,其余都会默认为5.0。只有最新的FreeTDS-0.95,也就是对Sqlserver2008的最佳配置。
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/freetds --with-tdsver=7.3 --enable-msdblib # make && make install
安装好会看到这样的信息:
配置FreeTDS
# cd ../
# echo "/usr/local/freetds/lib/" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/freetds.conf # ldconfig
验证FreeTDS版本
这一步非常重要,通过才可以继续,不然后面的步骤都是无意义的。
首先看看版本信息
# /usr/local/freetds/bin/tsql -C
测试数据库是否联通
# /usr/local/freetds/bin/tsql -H 数据库服务器IP -p 端口号 -U 用户名 -P 密码
关于freetds/etc/freetds.conf配置项
很多其他帖子写了需要配置/usr/local/freetds/etc/freetds.conf,其实这个不需要配置。如果配置也可以,配置了PHP就可以调用这个配置项,否则需要PHP代码里指定数据库服务器信息即可。
另外需要注意的是/usr/local/freetds/etc/下的freetds.conf不同于前面/usr/local/freetds/lib/那个freetds.conf。
如果配置了这里,那么PHP页面就可以使用这里的配置,不然PHP页面指定一样可以。
默认是这样的:
- # $Id: freetds.conf,v 1.12 2007-12-25 06:02:36 jklowden Exp $
- #
- # This file is installed by FreeTDS if no file by the same
- # name is found in the installation directory.
- #
- # For information about the layout of this file and its settings,
- # see the freetds.conf manpage "man freetds.conf".
- # Global settings are overridden by those in a database
- # server specific section
- [global]
- # TDS protocol version
- ; tds version = 4.2
- # Whether to write a TDSDUMP file for diagnostic purposes
- # (setting this to /tmp is insecure on a multi-user system)
- ; dump file = /tmp/freetds.log
- ; debug flags = 0xffff
- # Command and connection timeouts
- ; timeout = 10
- ; connect timeout = 10
- # If you get out-of-memory errors, it may mean that your client
- # is trying to allocate a huge buffer for a TEXT field.
- # Try setting 'text size' to a more reasonable limit
- text size = 64512
- # A typical Sybase server
- [egServer50]
- host = symachine.domain.com
- port = 5000
- tds version = 5.0
- # A typical Microsoft server
- [egServer70]
- host = ntmachine.domain.com
- port = 1433
- tds version = 7.0
# $Id: freetds.conf,v 1.12 2007-12-25 06:02:36 jklowden Exp $ # # This file is installed by FreeTDS if no file by the same # name is found in the installation directory. # # For information about the layout of this file and its settings, # see the freetds.conf manpage "man freetds.conf". # Global settings are overridden by those in a database # server specific section [global] # TDS protocol version ; tds version = 4.2 # Whether to write a TDSDUMP file for diagnostic purposes # (setting this to /tmp is insecure on a multi-user system) ; dump file = /tmp/freetds.log ; debug flags = 0xffff # Command and connection timeouts ; timeout = 10 ; connect timeout = 10 # If you get out-of-memory errors, it may mean that your client # is trying to allocate a huge buffer for a TEXT field. # Try setting 'text size' to a more reasonable limit text size = 64512 # A typical Sybase server [egServer50] host = symachine.domain.com port = 5000 tds version = 5.0 # A typical Microsoft server [egServer70] host = ntmachine.domain.com port = 1433 tds version = 7.0
如果你想使用配置项,只要修改[egServer70]即可:
- [egServer70]
- host = 192.168.1.235 这个是数据库服务器IP
- port = 1433
- tds version = 7.1
[egServer70] host = 192.168.1.235 这个是数据库服务器IP port = 1433 tds version = 7.1
其他都不用动,关于[egServer70]的名字也是随意的,这个就是给PHP调用的,和PHP代码里一致即可。
3.添加PHP扩展mssql和pdo的pdo_dblib
说明:这2种扩展都可以达到相同的目的,选其一即可。
(1).增加PHP扩展mssql
# cd /usr/php-5.5.28/ext/mssql/ linux下用phpize给PHP动态添加扩展 # /usr/local/php/bin/phpize # ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config --with-mssql=/usr/local/freetds/ # make && make install
(2).增加PHP扩展pdo的pdo_dblib # cd /usr/php-5.5.28/ext/pdo_dblib/ linux下用phpize给PHP动态添加扩展 # /usr/local/php/bin/phpize # ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config --with-pdo-dblib=/usr/local/freetds/ # make && make install
(3).在php.ini配置文件中增加.so # cd /usr/local/php/lib下的php.ini
增加:
- extension = "mssql.so"
- extension ="pdo_dblib.so"
extension = "mssql.so" extension ="pdo_dblib.so"
如果你只需要上述2种扩展之一,自然只要新增其中一个的.so扩展到php.ini即可。
(4).重启PHP FastCGI
# killall php-fpm # /etc/init.d/php-fpm
如果没有正确生成扩展是不能重启php-fpm的。
这时候在phpinfo里就可以看到扩展添加成功的信息了。
4.使用PHP调用SQLserver
(1).mssql_connect配置版
- <?php
- header("Content-type: text/html; charset=utf-8");
- $msdb=mssql_connect("egServer70","blog.csdn.net.unix21","password");
- if (!$msdb) {
- echo "connect sqlserver error";
- exit;
- }
- mssql_select_db("数据库名",$msdb);
- $result = mssql_query("SELECT top 5 * FROM tablename", $msdb);
- while($row = mssql_fetch_array($result)) {
- print_r($row);
- }
- mssql_free_result($result);
- ?>
<?php header("Content-type: text/html; charset=utf-8"); $msdb=mssql_connect("egServer70","blog.csdn.net.unix21","password"); if (!$msdb) { echo "connect sqlserver error"; exit; } mssql_select_db("数据库名",$msdb); $result = mssql_query("SELECT top 5 * FROM tablename", $msdb); while($row = mssql_fetch_array($result)) { print_r($row); } mssql_free_result($result); ?>
注意:上面的egServer70就是前面freetds/etc/freetds.conf配置的。
(2).mssql_connect非配置版
- <?php
- header("Content-type: text/html; charset=utf-8");
- //$msdb=mssql_connect("数据库IP","blog.csdn.net.unix21","password");
- //$msdb=mssql_connect("数据库IP:1433","blog.csdn.net.unix21","password");
- $msdb=mssql_connect("数据库IP:49151","blog.csdn.net.unix21","password");
- if (!$msdb) {
- echo "connect sqlserver error";
- exit;
- }
- mssql_select_db("数据库名",$msdb);
- $result = mssql_query("SELECT top 5 * FROM tablename", $msdb);
- while($row = mssql_fetch_array($result)) {
- print_r($row);
- }
- mssql_free_result($result);
- ?>
<?php header("Content-type: text/html; charset=utf-8"); //$msdb=mssql_connect("数据库IP","blog.csdn.net.unix21","password"); //$msdb=mssql_connect("数据库IP:1433","blog.csdn.net.unix21","password"); $msdb=mssql_connect("数据库IP:49151","blog.csdn.net.unix21","password"); if (!$msdb) { echo "connect sqlserver error"; exit; } mssql_select_db("数据库名",$msdb); $result = mssql_query("SELECT top 5 * FROM tablename", $msdb); while($row = mssql_fetch_array($result)) { print_r($row); } mssql_free_result($result); ?>
(3).PDO版本
- <?php
- header("Content-type: text/html; charset=utf-8");
- try {
- $hostname = "数据库IP";
- $port = 1433;
- $dbname = "数据库名";
- $username = "blog.csdn.net.unix21";
- $pw = "password";
- $dbh = new PDO ("dblib:host=$hostname:$port;dbname=$dbname","$username","$pw");
- } catch (PDOException $e) {
- echo "Failed to get DB handle: " . $e->getMessage() . "\n";
- exit;
- }
- $stmt = $dbh->prepare("SELECT top 5 * FROM tablename");
- $stmt->execute();
- while ($row = $stmt->fetch()) {
- print_r($row);
- }
- unset($dbh); unset($stmt);
- ?>
<?php header("Content-type: text/html; charset=utf-8"); try { $hostname = "数据库IP"; $port = 1433; $dbname = "数据库名"; $username = "blog.csdn.net.unix21"; $pw = "password"; $dbh = new PDO ("dblib:host=$hostname:$port;dbname=$dbname","$username","$pw"); } catch (PDOException $e) { echo "Failed to get DB handle: " . $e->getMessage() . "\n"; exit; } $stmt = $dbh->prepare("SELECT top 5 * FROM tablename"); $stmt->execute(); while ($row = $stmt->fetch()) { print_r($row); } unset($dbh); unset($stmt); ?>
显示数据:
以上本人都是验证过的。
参考信息:
1.这个帖子解释了第一个重要问题为什么是--with-tdsver=7.1
http://blog.csdn.net/dlutxie/article/details/6851429
2.官方信息
http://php.net/manual/zh/ref.pdo-dblib.php
http://php.net/manual/zh/function.mssql-connect.php
3.本人之前也是参考这些的,但是有些地方有错误,网上主要也就这些帖子,其他都是互相引用的。
http://zyan.cc/php_sqlserver_freetds/
http://my.oschina.net/robanlee/blog/168626?p={{currentPage+1}}
http://blog.csdn.net/rgb_rgb/article/details/8762769
http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_87b9bbc70101avmh.html
http://blog.csdn.net/chenjiebin/article/details/7278304 http://blog.163.com/koumm@126/blog/static/9540383720112157055119/ http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-09/70192.htm http://blog.csdn.net/helonsy/article/details/7207497