(下图：进行多项选择的ListBox)

首先介绍一种简单地方法：就是通过自定义SystemColors类的参数来自定义WPF ListBox选择颜色的，SystemColors的HighlightBrushKey和HighlightTextBrushKey分别代表ListBoxItem被选中时文字和背景颜色，没有Highlight的BrushKey代表ListBox没有焦点时的选中项文字和背景颜色：

 1 <ListBox>
 2 
 3             <ListBox.Resources>
 4 
 5                 <Style TargetType="ListBoxItem">
 6 
 7                     <Style.Resources>
 8                         
                            <!-- Background for Selected ListViewItem -->
 9                         <SolidColorBrush x:Key="{x:Static SystemColors.HighlightBrushKey}" Color="Pink"/>
10 
11                         <SolidColorBrush x:Key="{x:Static SystemColors.ControlBrushKey}" Color="Gray"/>
12                           <!-- Foreground for Selected ListViewItem -->
13                         <SolidColorBrush x:Key="{x:Static SystemColors.HighlightTextBrushKey}" Color="Red"/>
14 
15                         <SolidColorBrush x:Key="{x:Static SystemColors.ControlTextBrushKey}" Color="Green"/>
16 
17                     </Style.Resources>
18 
19                 </Style>
20 
21             </ListBox.Resources>
22 
23             <ListBoxItem>AAA</ListBoxItem>
24 
25             <ListBoxItem>B</ListBoxItem>
26 
27             <ListBoxItem>ccc</ListBoxItem>
28 
29         </ListBox>
这样的话，ListBox选中颜色变成了这样：

可是这种方法仅仅能改变统一的颜色，无法完成其他更多要求。

　　那么另一种更强大的方法就是在模板中定义。一种方法就是在控件模板中根据ListBoxItem的IsSelected属性判断是否被选中，然后利用WPF触发器来设置被选中后的样式。但是如果你的ListBox定义了数据模板的话你会发现数据模板是显示在控件模板之上的，因此控件模板上的某些显示元素会被数据模板盖住，如果此类情况发生，那么只能在数据模板上添加选中后的元素设置。这里可以通过一个RelativeBinding = FindAncestor的绑定来寻找可视化树中的ListBoxItem的IsSelected属性来在数据模板中判断ListBoxItem是否被选中。

<Window x:Class="WpfApplication1.Window1"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    Title="Window1" Height="300" Width="300">
    <Window.Resources>
        <Style TargetType="ListViewItem">
            <Style.Resources>
                <SolidColorBrush x:Key="{x:Static SystemColors.ControlBrushKey}" Color="Yellow"/>
                <SolidColorBrush x:Key="{x:Static SystemColors.HighlightBrushKey}" Color=" Red"/>
            </Style.Resources>
            <Setter Property="Panel.Background" Value="#00FFFFFF"/>
            <Setter Property="Control.HorizontalContentAlignment">
                <Setter.Value>
                    <Binding Path="HorizontalContentAlignment" 
                             RelativeSource="{RelativeSource Mode=FindAncestor, AncestorType=ItemsControl, AncestorLevel=1}" />
                </Setter.Value>
            </Setter>
            <Setter Property="Control.VerticalContentAlignment">
                <Setter.Value>
                    <Binding Path="VerticalContentAlignment" 
                             RelativeSource="{RelativeSource Mode=FindAncestor, AncestorType=ItemsControl, AncestorLevel=1}" />
                </Setter.Value>
            </Setter>
            <Setter Property="Control.Padding" Value="2,0,0,0"/>
            <Setter Property="Control.Template">
                <Setter.Value>
                    <ControlTemplate TargetType="ListViewItem">
                        <Border BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding Border.BorderThickness}" 
                                Padding="{TemplateBinding Control.Padding}" 
                                BorderBrush="{TemplateBinding Border.BorderBrush}" 
                                Background="{TemplateBinding Panel.Background}" 
                                Name="Bd" 
                                SnapsToDevicePixels="True">
                            <ContentPresenter 
                                Content="{TemplateBinding ContentControl.Content}" 
                                ContentTemplate="{TemplateBinding ContentControl.ContentTemplate}" 
                                ContentStringFormat="{TemplateBinding ContentControl.ContentStringFormat}" 
                                HorizontalAlignment="{TemplateBinding Control.HorizontalContentAlignment}" 
                                VerticalAlignment="{TemplateBinding Control.VerticalContentAlignment}" 
                                SnapsToDevicePixels="{TemplateBinding UIElement.SnapsToDevicePixels}" />
                        </Border>
                        <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
                            <Trigger Property="Selector.IsSelected" Value="True">
                                <Setter Property="Panel.Background" TargetName="Bd">
                                    <Setter.Value>
                                        <DynamicResource ResourceKey="{x:Static SystemColors.HighlightBrushKey}" />
                                    </Setter.Value>
                                </Setter>
                                <Setter Property="TextElement.Foreground">
                                    <Setter.Value>
                                        <DynamicResource ResourceKey="{x:Static SystemColors.HighlightTextBrushKey}" />
                                    </Setter.Value>
                                </Setter>
                            </Trigger>
                            <MultiTrigger>
                                <MultiTrigger.Conditions>
                                    <Condition Property="Selector.IsSelected" Value="True"/>
                                    <Condition Property="Selector.IsSelectionActive" Value="False"/>
                                </MultiTrigger.Conditions>
                                <Setter Property="Panel.Background" TargetName="Bd">
                                    <Setter.Value>
                                        <DynamicResource ResourceKey="{x:Static SystemColors.ControlBrushKey}" />
                                    </Setter.Value>
                                </Setter>
                                <Setter Property="TextElement.Foreground">
                                    <Setter.Value>
                                        <DynamicResource ResourceKey="{x:Static SystemColors.ControlTextBrushKey}" />
                                    </Setter.Value>
                                </Setter>
                            </MultiTrigger>
                            <Trigger Property="UIElement.IsEnabled" Value="False">
                                <Setter Property="TextElement.Foreground">
                                    <Setter.Value>
                                        <DynamicResource ResourceKey="{x:Static SystemColors.GrayTextBrushKey}" />
                                    </Setter.Value>
                                </Setter>
                            </Trigger>
                            <Trigger Property="UIElement.IsMouseOver" Value="True">
                                <Setter Property="Panel.Background" TargetName="Bd" Value="Blue">
                                </Setter>
                            </Trigger>
                        </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
                    </ControlTemplate>
                </Setter.Value>
            </Setter>
        </Style>
    </Window.Resources>
    <Grid>
        <ListView Margin="48,22,110,0" Name="listView1" Height="100" VerticalAlignment="Top">
            <ListView.View>
                <GridView>
                    <GridViewColumn Header="12"/>
                    <GridViewColumn Header="12"/>
                    <GridViewColumn Header="12"/>
                </GridView>
            </ListView.View>
            <ListViewItem>123</ListViewItem>
            <ListViewItem>123</ListViewItem>
            <ListViewItem>123</ListViewItem>
        </ListView>
        <TextBox Height="23" Margin="94,0,64,67" Name="textBox1" VerticalAlignment="Bottom" />
    </Grid>
</Window>