Gson(1)简单使用

1.官方资料

  官网:  http://groups.google.com/group/google-gson

  代码:  https://github.com/google/gson

  jar包下载: http://search.maven.org/#artifactdetails%7Ccom.google.code.gson%7Cgson%7C2.3.1%7Cjar

2.导入

  在as工程属性中找最新的gson库,或者直接在module的build.gradle中引入gson库.

1 dependencies {
2     implementation fileTree(include: ['*.jar'], dir: 'libs')
3     implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:27.1.1'
4     implementation 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.1.2'
5     //...
6     implementation 'com.google.code.gson:gson:2.8.5'
7 }

3.对象转json

3.1准备对象

 1 public class Person {
 2 
 3     private String name;
 4     private int age;
 5 
 6     /**
 7      * @return the name
 8      */
 9     public String getName() {
10         return name;
11     }
12 
13     /**
14      * @param name the name to set
15      */
16     public void setName(String name) {
17         this.name = name;
18     }
19 
20     /**
21      * @return the age
22      */
23     public int getAge() {
24         return age;
25     }
26 
27     /**
28      * @param age the age to set
29      */
30     public void setAge(int age) {
31         this.age = age;
32     }
33 
34     @Override
35     public String toString()
36     {
37         return name + ":" +age;
38     }
39 }

  实体很简单,两个字段,当然实体中的字段也可以是数组、List、Set等类型的。

3.2 生成Json字符串

 1     //生成Json字符串
 2     
 3     Gson gson = new Gson();
 4     List<Person> persons = new ArrayList<Person>();
 5     for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
 6         Person p = new Person();
 7         p.setName("name" + i);
 8         p.setAge(i * 5);
 9          persons.add(p);
10     }
11     String json = gson.toJson(persons);

  上面的代码重点是Gson对象,它提供了toJson()方法将对象转换成Json字符串,可以这个json串写到文件中.上面代码的str对象值为: 

[{"name":"name0","age":0},{"name":"name1","age":5},{"name":"name2","age":10},{"name":"name3","age":15},
{"name":"name4","age":20},{"name":"name5","age":25},{"name":"name6","age":30},{"name":"name7","age":35},
{"name":"name8","age":40},{"name":"name9","age":45}]

3.3 对象转json的系列函数

  • String toJson(Object src, Type typeOfSrc)
  • String toJson(Object src)
  • JsonElement toJsonTree(Object src, Type typeOfSrc)
  • JsonElement toJsonTree(Object src)

4.json转对象

  Gson提供了fromJson()方法来实现从Json相关对象到java实体的方法。

  在日常应用中,通常转成单一实体对象和转换成对象列表或者其他结构。

4.1反序列化一个对象

  当返回的是简单对象(只一个对象)时用gson.fromJson(string,xx.class); //提供两个参数,分别是json字符串以及需要转换对象的类型

比如json字符串为:

    [{"name":"name0","age":0}]

代码:

Person person = gson.fromJson(str, Person.class);

4.2 反序列成列表

  当返回的是复杂对象,要用AVA泛型时,如有个集合(0-n)要用gson.fromJson(string,new TypeToken<XXX>(){}.getType());

代码:

1     List<Person> ps = gson.fromJson(str, new TypeToken<List<Person>>(){}.getType());
2     for(int i = 0; i < ps.size() ; i++)
3     {
4        Person p = ps.get(i);
5       System.out.println(p.toString());
6     }

  上面的代码使用了TypeToken,它是gson提供的数据类型转换器,可以支持各种数据集合类型转换。

5. Gson处理 null 

  默认情况下,gson不处理null,处理方法如下:

5.1 定义 null 处理类

 1 class StringConverter : JsonSerializer<String?>,
 2     JsonDeserializer<String?> {
 3     override fun serialize(
 4         src: String?, typeOfSrc: Type?,
 5         context: JsonSerializationContext?
 6     ): JsonElement {
 7         return if (src == null) {
 8             JsonPrimitive("")
 9         } else {
10             JsonPrimitive(src.toString())
11         }
12     }
13 
14     @Throws(JsonParseException::class)
15     override fun deserialize(
16         json: JsonElement, typeOfT: Type?,
17         context: JsonDeserializationContext?
18     ): String {
19         return json.asJsonPrimitive.asString
20     }
21 }

5.2 修改构造gson方式

 1 fun parseDevices(array : JsonArray){
 2         val gb = GsonBuilder()
 3         gb.registerTypeAdapter(String::class.java, StringConverter())
 4         val gson = gb.create()
 5         for (je in array){
 6             val obj = je.asJsonObject
 7             if(!obj.has("type")) continue
 8             val type = obj.get("type").asInt
 9             when(type){
10                 1 -> {
11                     val ward = gson.fromJson(je,Wardship::class.java)
12                     ...
13                 }
14 
15                 //...
16             }
17         }
18     }

6.混淆

在 proguard-rules.pro 中:

 1 #gson
 2 -keepattributes Signature
 3 
 4 # For using GSON @Expose annotation
 5 -keepattributes *Annotation*
 6 
 7 # Gson specific classes
 8 -dontwarn sun.misc.**
 9 #-keep class com.google.gson.stream.** { *; }
10 
11 # Application classes that will be serialized/deserialized over Gson
12 
13 -keep class com.xx.xx.Student { <fields>; }
14 -keep class com.xxx.xx.Daily{ <fields>; }
15 -keep class com.xxx.xxx.Persion { <fields>; }
16 #-keep class * extends com.xxx.xxx.Persion
17 
18 # Prevent proguard from stripping interface information from TypeAdapter, TypeAdapterFactory,
19 # JsonSerializer, JsonDeserializer instances (so they can be used in @JsonAdapter)
20 -keep class * extends com.google.gson.TypeAdapter
21 -keep class * implements com.google.gson.TypeAdapterFactory
22 -keep class * implements com.google.gson.JsonSerializer
23 -keep class * implements com.google.gson.JsonDeserializer
24 
25 # Prevent R8 from leaving Data object members always null
26 -keepclassmembers,allowobfuscation class * {
27   @com.google.gson.annotations.SerializedName <fields>;
28 }

 

posted @ 2015-07-10 18:37  f9q  阅读(301)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报