Unity中C#如何执行cmd命令（System.Diagnostics.Process的使用）
在Unity中，我们可能需要自己写Editor工具。有时候我们可能还需要执行外部指令或者脚本（比如python脚本），这个时候，就需要用c#的System.Diagnostics.Process这个类了。
命名空间
using System.Diagnostics;
Process.Star()的构造方法
| 名称 | 说明 |
|---|---|
| Process.Start () | 启动（或重用）此 Process 组件的 StartInfo 属性指定的进程资源，并将其与该组件关联。 |
| Process.Start (ProcessStartInfo) | 启动由包含进程启动信息（例如，要启动的进程的文件名）的参数指定的进程资源，并将该资源与新的 Process 组件关联。 |
| Process.Start (String) | 通过指定文档或应用程序文件的名称来启动进程资源，并将资源与新的 Process 组件关联。 |
| Process.Start (String, String) | 通过指定应用程序的名称和一组命令行参数来启动一个进程资源，并将该资源与新的 Process 组件相关联。 |
| Process.Start (String, String, SecureString, String) | 通过指定应用程序的名称、用户名、密码和域来启动一个进程资源，并将该资源与新的 Process 组件关联起来。 |
| Process.Start (String, String, String, SecureString, String) | 通过指定应用程序的名称和一组命令行参数、用户名、密码和域来启动一个进程资源，并将该资源与新的 Process 组件关联起来。 |
简单的接口封装
public static void RunCmd(string cmd, string args, string workdir=null) { string[] res = new string[2]; var p = CreateCmdProcess (cmd, args, workdir); res [0] = p.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd (); res [1] = p.StandardError.ReadToEnd (); p.Close (); return res; } public static System.Diagnostics.Process CreateCmdProcess(string cmd, string args, string workdir=null) { var pStartInfo = new System.Diagnostics.ProcessStartInfo (cmd); pStartInfo.Arguments = args; pStartInfo.CreateNoWindow = false; pStartInfo.UseShellExecute = false; pStartInfo.RedirectStandardError = true; pStartInfo.RedirectStandardInput = true; pStartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true; pStartInfo.StandardErrorEncoding = System.Text.UTF8Encoding.UTF8; pStartInfo.StandardOutputEncoding= System.Text.UTF8Encoding.UTF8; if(!string.IsNullOrEmpty(workdir)) pStartInfo.WorkingDirectory = workdir; return System.Diagnostics.Process.Start(pStartInfo); }
调用，假设我们想执行svn update的指令
var path = "D:\\Project\\"; RunCmd ("svn", string.Format("update \"{0}\"", path));
关于WorkingDirectory属性
WorkingDirectory属性指定可执行文件的位置。
如果WorkingDirectory是空字符串，则认为当前目录以包含可执行文件。
假设我们有一个py脚本test.py在D盘的py_pro目录中，即 D:\\py_pro\\test.py
我们要执行这个脚本，需要这样子
var workdir= "D:\\py_pro\\"; RunCmd ("python", workdir + "test.py", workdir);
// 打开记事本 System.Diagnostics.Process.Start("notepad.exe"); // 打开计算器 System.Diagnostics.Process.Start("calc.exe "); // 打开注册表 System.Diagnostics.Process.Start("regedit.exe "); // 打开画图板 System.Diagnostics.Process.Start("mspaint.exe "); // 打开写字板 System.Diagnostics.Process.Start("write.exe "); // 打开播放器 System.Diagnostics.Process.Start("mplayer2.exe "); // 打开任务管理器 System.Diagnostics.Process.Start("taskmgr.exe "); // 打开事件查看器 System.Diagnostics.Process.Start("eventvwr.exe "); // 打开系统信息 System.Diagnostics.Process.Start("winmsd.exe "); // 打开Windows版本信息 System.Diagnostics.Process.Start("winver.exe "); // 发邮件 System.Diagnostics.Process.Start("mailto: "+ address);
接口封装（详细版）：
using System; using UnityEditor; using UnityEngine; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.IO; using System.Threading; using System.Text; class EdtUtil { /// <summary> /// 构建Process对象，并执行 /// </summary> /// <param name="cmd">命令</param> /// <param name="args">命令的参数</param> /// <param name="workingDri">工作目录</param> /// <returns>Process对象</returns> private static System.Diagnostics.Process CreateCmdProcess(string cmd, string args, string workingDir = "") { var en = System.Text.UTF8Encoding.UTF8; if (Application.platform == RuntimePlatform.WindowsEditor) en = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312"); var pStartInfo = new System.Diagnostics.ProcessStartInfo(cmd); pStartInfo.Arguments = args; pStartInfo.CreateNoWindow = false; pStartInfo.UseShellExecute = false; pStartInfo.RedirectStandardError = true; pStartInfo.RedirectStandardInput = true; pStartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true; pStartInfo.StandardErrorEncoding = en; pStartInfo.StandardOutputEncoding = en; if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(workingDir)) pStartInfo.WorkingDirectory = workingDir; return System.Diagnostics.Process.Start(pStartInfo); } /// <summary> /// 运行命令,不返回stderr版本 /// </summary> /// <param name="cmd">命令</param> /// <param name="args">命令的参数</param> /// <param name="workingDri">工作目录</param> /// <returns>命令的stdout输出</returns> public static string RunCmdNoErr(string cmd, string args, string workingDri = "") { var p = CreateCmdProcess(cmd, args, workingDri); var res = p.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd(); p.Close(); return res; } /// <summary> /// 运行命令,不返回stderr版本 /// </summary> /// <param name="cmd">命令</param> /// <param name="args">命令的参数</param> /// <param name="input">StandardInput</param> /// <param name="workingDri">工作目录</param> /// <returns>命令的stdout输出</returns> public static string RunCmdNoErr(string cmd, string args, string[] input, string workingDri = "") { var p = CreateCmdProcess(cmd, args, workingDri); if (input != null && input.Length > 0) { for (int i = 0; i < input.Length; i++) p.StandardInput.WriteLine(input[i]); } var res = p.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd(); p.Close(); return res; } /// <summary> /// 运行命令 /// </summary> /// <param name="cmd">命令</param> /// <param name="args">命令的参数</param> /// <returns>string[] res[0]命令的stdout输出, res[1]命令的stderr输出</returns> public static string[] RunCmd(string cmd, string args, string workingDir = "") { string[] res = new string[2]; var p = CreateCmdProcess(cmd, args, workingDir); res[0] = p.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd(); res[1] = p.StandardError.ReadToEnd(); #if !UNITY_IOS res[2] = p.ExitCode.ToString(); #endif p.Close(); return res; } /// <summary> /// 打开文件夹 /// </summary> /// <param name="absPath">文件夹的绝对路径</param> public static void OpenFolderInExplorer(string absPath) { if (Application.platform == RuntimePlatform.WindowsEditor) RunCmdNoErr("explorer.exe", absPath); else if (Application.platform == RuntimePlatform.OSXEditor) RunCmdNoErr("open", absPath.Replace("\\", "/")); } }
接口封装（详细版）：
using System; using UnityEditor; using UnityEngine; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.IO; using System.Threading; using System.Text; class EdtUtil { /// <summary> /// 构建Process对象，并执行 /// </summary> /// <param name="cmd">命令</param> /// <param name="args">命令的参数</param> /// <param name="workingDri">工作目录</param> /// <returns>Process对象</returns> private static System.Diagnostics.Process CreateCmdProcess(string cmd, string args, string workingDir = "") { var en = System.Text.UTF8Encoding.UTF8; if (Application.platform == RuntimePlatform.WindowsEditor) en = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312"); var pStartInfo = new System.Diagnostics.ProcessStartInfo(cmd); pStartInfo.Arguments = args; pStartInfo.CreateNoWindow = false; pStartInfo.UseShellExecute = false; pStartInfo.RedirectStandardError = true; pStartInfo.RedirectStandardInput = true; pStartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true; pStartInfo.StandardErrorEncoding = en; pStartInfo.StandardOutputEncoding = en; if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(workingDir)) pStartInfo.WorkingDirectory = workingDir; return System.Diagnostics.Process.Start(pStartInfo); } /// <summary> /// 运行命令,不返回stderr版本 /// </summary> /// <param name="cmd">命令</param> /// <param name="args">命令的参数</param> /// <param name="workingDri">工作目录</param> /// <returns>命令的stdout输出</returns> public static string RunCmdNoErr(string cmd, string args, string workingDri = "") { var p = CreateCmdProcess(cmd, args, workingDri); var res = p.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd(); p.Close(); return res; } /// <summary> /// 运行命令,不返回stderr版本 /// </summary> /// <param name="cmd">命令</param> /// <param name="args">命令的参数</param> /// <param name="input">StandardInput</param> /// <param name="workingDri">工作目录</param> /// <returns>命令的stdout输出</returns> public static string RunCmdNoErr(string cmd, string args, string[] input, string workingDri = "") { var p = CreateCmdProcess(cmd, args, workingDri); if (input != null && input.Length > 0) { for (int i = 0; i < input.Length; i++) p.StandardInput.WriteLine(input[i]); } var res = p.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd(); p.Close(); return res; } /// <summary> /// 运行命令 /// </summary> /// <param name="cmd">命令</param> /// <param name="args">命令的参数</param> /// <returns>string[] res[0]命令的stdout输出, res[1]命令的stderr输出</returns> public static string[] RunCmd(string cmd, string args, string workingDir = "") { string[] res = new string[2]; var p = CreateCmdProcess(cmd, args, workingDir); res[0] = p.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd(); res[1] = p.StandardError.ReadToEnd(); #if !UNITY_IOS res[2] = p.ExitCode.ToString(); #endif p.Close(); return res; } /// <summary> /// 打开文件夹 /// </summary> /// <param name="absPath">文件夹的绝对路径</param> public static void OpenFolderInExplorer(string absPath) { if (Application.platform == RuntimePlatform.WindowsEditor) RunCmdNoErr("explorer.exe", absPath); else if (Application.platform == RuntimePlatform.OSXEditor) RunCmdNoErr("open", absPath.Replace("\\", "/")); } }
使用
上面的RunCmd接口，return的string[]，第0个是脚本的输出，第1个是错误输出
比如通过上面的RunCmd接口运行下面的python脚本
#python脚本: test.py, 放在Assets/python目录中 print("Hello, I am python!") print("This is a test") try: print(1/0) except BaseException,e: print("Error: " + str(e)) //c# 通过RunCmd接口执行python脚本 var workdir = Application.dataPath + "/python/"; var results = EdtUtil.RunCmd("python", workdir + "test.py", workdir); Debug.Log("python output: " + results[0]); Debug.Log("python error: " + results[1]);
输出的结果是
python output: Hello, I am python! This is a test python error: Error: integer division or module by zero
