ORACLE WITH AS 简单用法

With查询语句不是以select开始的,而是以“WITH”关键字开头
    可认为在真正进行查询之前预先构造了一个临时表,之后便可多次使用它做进一步的分析和处理

WITH Clause方法的优点
     增加了SQL的易读性,如果构造了多个子查询,结构会更清晰;更重要的是:“一次分析,多次使用”,这也是为什么会提供性能的地方,达到了“少读”的目标。

     第一种使用子查询的方法表被扫描了两次,而使用WITH Clause方法,表仅被扫描一次。这样可以大大的提高数据分析和查询的效率。

     另外,观察WITH Clause方法执行计划,其中“SYS_TEMP_XXXX”便是在运行过程中构造的中间统计结果临时表。

 

语法:

with tempName as (select ....)
select ...

 

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--针对一个别名
with tmp as (select * from tb_name)

--针对多个别名
with
   tmp as (select * from tb_name),
   tmp2 as (select * from tb_name2),
   tmp3 as (select * from tb_name3),
   …
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--相当于建了个e临时表
with e as (select * from scott.emp e where e.empno=7499)
select * from e;
 
--相当于建了e、d临时表
with
     e as (select * from scott.emp),
     d as (select * from scott.dept)
select * from e, d where e.deptno = d.deptno;
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其实就是把一大堆重复用到的sql语句放在with as里面,取一个别名,后面的查询就可以用它,这样对于大批量的sql语句起到一个优化的作用,而且清楚明了。

向一张表插入数据的 with as 用法:

insert into table2
with
    s1 as (select rownum c1 from dual connect by rownum <= 10),
    s2 as (select rownum c2 from dual connect by rownum <= 10)
select a.c1, b.c2 from s1 a, s2 b where...;

with as 相当于虚拟视图。

with as短语,也叫做子查询部分(subquery factoring),可以让你做很多事情,定义一个sql片断,该sql片断会被整个sql语句所用到。

有的时候,是为了让sql语句的可读性更高些,也有可能是在union all的不同部分,作为提供数据的部分。
  
特别对于union all比较有用。

因为union all的每个部分可能相同,但是如果每个部分都去执行一遍的话,则成本太高,所以可以使用with as短语,则只要执行一遍即可。

如果with as短语所定义的表名被调用两次以上,则优化器会自动将with as短语所获取的数据放入一个temp表里,如果只是被调用一次,则不会。

而提示materialize则是强制将with as短语里的数据放入一个全局临时表里。

很多查询通过这种方法都可以提高速度。

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with
    sql1 as (select to_char(a) s_name from test_tempa),
    sql2 as (select to_char(b) s_name from test_tempb where not exists (select s_name from sql1 where rownum=1))
select * from sql1
union all
select * from sql2
union all
select 'no records' from dual
       where not exists (select s_name from sql1 where rownum=1)
       and not exists (select s_name from sql2 where rownum=1);
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with as优点
增加了sql的易读性,如果构造了多个子查询,结构会更清晰;
更重要的是:“一次分析,多次使用”,这也是为什么会提供性能的地方,达到了“少读”的目标

 

posted @   silentmuh  阅读(320)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报
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作词 : Van Der Voort, Joren Johannes

作曲 : Victor Pool/Justin Gammella/Ruben Christopher den Boer/Meron Mengist/Joren van der Voort

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I've been a closed book full of mistakes

But when you're broken, when you're in pain

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But let me in, yeah

I promise nobody can break us

You're not alone, I'm by your side

Don't you know, don't you know

I'll walk through fire with you

I'll walk through fire

No matter what, I'll make it right

Don't you know, don't you know

I'll walk through fire with you

I'll walk through fire

I'm not an angel, I'm not a saint

I've been a closed book full of mistakes

But when you're broken, when you're in pain

Oooh, ooh

I'll walk through fire with you

I'll walk through fire with you

I'll walk through fire

I'll walk through fire with you

I'll walk through fire with you

You're not alone, I'm by your side

Don't you know, don't you know

I'll walk through fire with you

I'll walk through fire

I'm not an angel, I'm not a saint

I've been a closed book full of mistakes

But when you're broken, when you're in pain

Oooh, ooh

I'll walk through fire with you

I'll walk through fire with you

I'll walk through fire

I'll walk through fire with you

I'll walk through fire with you

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