Ruby中的public、protected和private(转帖)

Ruby中的public、protected和private


栗子1:

class Person

  public

  def my_public_method

    'I am a public method'

  end

  protected

  def my_protected_method

    'I am a protected method'

  end

  private

  def my_private_method

    'I am a private method'

  end

end

person1 = Person.new

尝试:

    puts person1.my_public_method

    输出:I am a public method

    puts person1.my_protected_method

    输出:main.rb:617:in `': protected method `my_protected_method' called for #   (NoMethodError)

    puts person1.my_private_method

    输出:main.rb:618:in `': private method `my_private_method' called for #(NoMethodError)

得出:public能被实例对象调用,protected和private不能被实例对象直接调用

栗子2:

class Person

  public

  def my_public_method

    'I am a public method'

  end

  def access_method

    puts my_public_method

    puts my_protected_method

    puts my_private_method

  end

  protected

  def my_protected_method

    'I am a protected method'

  end

  private

  def my_private_method

    'I am a private method'

  end

end

person1 = Person.new

person1.access_method

输出:

    I am a public method

    I am a protected method

    I am a private method

得出:public、protected、private方法都可以被定义他们的类访问

栗子3:

class Person

  public

  def my_public_method

    'I am a public method'

  end

  protected

  def my_protected_method

    'I am a protected method'

  end

  private

  def my_private_method

    'I am a private method'

  end

end

class Man < Person

  def access_method

    puts my_public_method

    puts my_protected_method

    puts my_private_method

  end

end

son = Man.new

son.access_method

输出:

    I am a public method

    I am a protected method

    I am a private method

得出:public、protected、private方法都可以被定义他们的类的子类访问

栗子4:

class Person

  public

  def call_method_protected(testmember)

    puts testmember.my_protected_method

  end

  def call_method_private(testmember)

    puts testmember.my_private_method

  end

  def my_public_method

    'I am a public method'

  end

  protected

  def my_protected_method

    'I am a protected method'

  end

  private

  def my_private_method

    'I am a private method'

  end

end

person1 = Person.new

person2 = Person.new

尝试:

    person2.call_method_protected(person1)

    输出:

    I am a protected method

    person2.call_method_private(person1)

    输出:

    main.rb:720:in `call_method_private': private method `my_private_method' called for #(NoMethodError)

得出:protected方法可以被其他的实例对象访问,而private方法不可以。

总结:

public方法可以被定义它的类和子类访问,并可以被类和子类的实例对象调用;

protected方法可以被定义它的类和子类访问,不能被类和子类的实例对象调用,但可以被该类的实例对象(所有)访问;

private方法可以被定义它的类和子类访问,不能被类和子类的实例对象调用,只能在自身中调用私有方法。



作者:itxing
链接:https://www.jianshu.com/p/da8068deff89
来源:简书
著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权,非商业转载请注明出处。
posted @ 2020-05-28 17:53  就是想学习  阅读(220)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报