Python-文件操作

1 输出字典

# -*- coding:utf -8 -*-

文件内容：

12,aa
13,bb
14,cc
15,dd

def wdict(fname):
    d = {}
    try:
        with open(fname) as fobj:
            for line in fobj:
                (key,value) = line.strip().split(',')
                d[key] = value
    except Exception,e:
        print e
    return d

if __name__ == '__main__':
    print wdict('D:\t\d\1.txt')

结果：
{'11': 'aa', '33': 'cc', '22': 'bb'}

 

2 Linux下目录复制

# -*- coding: utf -8 -*-

# 将'/bin/ls'目录复制到'/tmp/ls'目录

src_fname = '/bin/ls'
dst_fname = '/tmp/ls'
# rb wb 读二进制在windows中用，linux中不需要加
src_fobj = open(src_fname,'rb')
dst_fobj = open(dst_fname, 'wb')

while True:
    # 每次最大读取4096字节
    data = src_fobj.read(4096)
    # 如果为空，没有可读取的字节，终止循环
    if data == '':
        break
    dst_fobj.write(data)

src_fobj.close()
dst_fobj.close()

 

3 监控程序

import time


point = 0
while True:
    ipdict={}
    with open(r'D:\P\T\d\access.log') as fobj:
        fobj.seek(point)
        for line in fobj:
            ip = line.split()[0]
            if ip not in ipdict:
                ipdict[ip] = 1
            else:
                ipdict[ip]+=1
        point = fobj.tell()
    for k,v in ipdict.items():
        if v > 100:
            print(k,v)
    time.sleep(60)

 

4 遍历两个目录下文件，找出相同的文件

# -*- coding:utf -8 -*-

import os


def read_file(dirname):
    try:
        for root, dirs, files in os.walk(dirname):
            # print(root) # 目录
            # print(dirs) # 目录下的文件夹
            # print(files) #目录下的文件
            # for dir in dirs: # 遍历文件夹
                # print(os.path.join(root, dir))

            # for file in files: # 遍历文件
                # print(os.path.join(root, file))
            # print('----------------')
            return files
    except Exception,e:
        print(e)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    f1 = r'D:\P\T\d'
    f2 = r'D:\P\T'

    f1_list = read_file(f1)
    f2_list = read_file(f2)

    print(read_file(f1))
    print(read_file(f2))
    f3_list = []
    for i in f1_list:if i in f2_list:
                f3_list.append(i) # compare_file(os.path.join(f1,i), os.path.join(f2,i))
    print(f3_list)

 

5 比较两个文件的不同之处，输入html文件

 

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import difflib
import sys
import time
import datetime

reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')


# 读取建表语句或配置文件
def read_file(file_name):
    try:
        file_desc = open(file_name, 'r')
        # 读取后按行分割
        text = file_desc.read().splitlines()
        file_desc.close()
        return text
    except IOError as e:
        print('Read input file Error: {0}'.format(e))
        sys.exit()


# 比较两个文件并把结果生成一份html文本
def compare_file(file1, file2):
    if file1 == "" or file2 == "":
        print '文件路径不能为空：第一个文件的路径：{0}, 第二个文件的路径：{1} .'.format(file1, file2)
        sys.exit()
    else:
        print "正在比较文件{0} 和 {1}".format(file1, file2)
    text1_lines = read_file(file1)
    text2_lines = read_file(file2)
    diff = difflib.HtmlDiff()    # 创建HtmlDiff 对象
    result = diff.make_file(text1_lines, text2_lines)  # 通过make_file 方法输出 html 格式的对比结果
    # 将结果写入到result_comparation.html文件中
    try:
        now_time = str(datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H-%M-%S'))
        haomiao = int(round(time.time() * 1000)) % 1000
        result_compare = '{0}{1}{2}'.format(now_time, haomiao, ".html")
        with open(result_compare, 'w') as result_file:
            result_file.write(result)
            print("0==}==========> Successfully Finished\n")except Exception, e:
        print(e)


# if __name__ == '__main__':
#
#     f1 = r'D:\P\T\d\88.txt'
#     f2 = r'D:\P\T\88.txt'
#     compare_file(f1, f2)
#     print(read_file(f2))