apue和error

　在做进程环境测试的时候，测试demo中出现了apue.h，而标准库中没有这个头文件和其中的函数定义，经查找需要在/usr/include中添加apue.h和error.c.原型可以去这个网站查找.　 http://www.apuebook.com.

1.  /src/include/apue.h

  1 /* Our own header, to be included before all standard system headers */
  2 
  3 #ifndef    _APUE_H
  4 #define    _APUE_H
  5 
  6 #if defined(SOLARIS)
  7 #define _XOPEN_SOURCE    500    /* Single UNIX Specification, Version 2  for Solaris 9 */
  8 #define CMSG_LEN(x)    _CMSG_DATA_ALIGN(sizeof(struct cmsghdr)+(x))
  9 #elif !defined(BSD)
 10 #define _XOPEN_SOURCE    600    /* Single UNIX Specification, Version 3 */
 11 #endif
 12 
 13 #include <sys/types.h>        /* some systems still require this */
 14 #include <sys/stat.h>
 15 #include <sys/termios.h>    /* for winsize */
 16 #ifndef TIOCGWINSZ
 17 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
 18 #endif
 19 #include <stdio.h>        /* for convenience */
 20 #include <stdlib.h>        /* for convenience */
 21 #include <stddef.h>        /* for offsetof */
 22 #include <string.h>        /* for convenience */
 23 #include <unistd.h>        /* for convenience */
 24 #include <signal.h>        /* for SIG_ERR */
 25 
 26 #define    MAXLINE    4096            /* max line length */
 27 
 28 /*
 29  * Default file access permissions for new files.
 30  */
 31 #define    FILE_MODE    (S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IRGRP | S_IROTH)
 32 
 33 /*
 34  * Default permissions for new directories.
 35  */
 36 #define    DIR_MODE    (FILE_MODE | S_IXUSR | S_IXGRP | S_IXOTH)
 37 
 38 typedef    void    Sigfunc(int);    /* for signal handlers */
 39 
 40 #if    defined(SIG_IGN) && !defined(SIG_ERR)
 41 #define    SIG_ERR    ((Sigfunc *)-1)
 42 #endif
 43 
 44 #define    min(a,b)    ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
 45 #define    max(a,b)    ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
 46 
 47 /*
 48  * Prototypes for our own functions.
 49  */
 50 char    *path_alloc(int *);                /* {Prog pathalloc} */
 51 long     open_max(void);                /* {Prog openmax} */
 52 void     clr_fl(int, int);                /* {Prog setfl} */
 53 void     set_fl(int, int);                /* {Prog setfl} */
 54 void     pr_exit(int);                    /* {Prog prexit} */
 55 void     pr_mask(const char *);            /* {Prog prmask} */
 56 Sigfunc    *signal_intr(int, Sigfunc *);    /* {Prog signal_intr_function} */
 57 
 58 int         tty_cbreak(int);                /* {Prog raw} */
 59 int         tty_raw(int);                    /* {Prog raw} */
 60 int         tty_reset(int);                /* {Prog raw} */
 61 void     tty_atexit(void);                /* {Prog raw} */
 62 #ifdef    ECHO    /* only if <termios.h> has been included */
 63 struct termios    *tty_termios(void);        /* {Prog raw} */
 64 #endif
 65 
 66 void     sleep_us(unsigned int);            /* {Ex sleepus} */
 67 ssize_t     readn(int, void *, size_t);        /* {Prog readn_writen} */
 68 ssize_t     writen(int, const void *, size_t);    /* {Prog readn_writen} */
 69 void     daemonize(const char *);            /* {Prog daemoninit} */
 70 
 71 int         s_pipe(int *);                    /* {Progs streams_spipe sock_spipe} */
 72 int         recv_fd(int, ssize_t (*func)(int,
 73                  const void *, size_t));/* {Progs recvfd_streams recvfd_sockets} */
 74 int         send_fd(int, int);                /* {Progs sendfd_streams sendfd_sockets} */
 75 int         send_err(int, int,
 76                   const char *);        /* {Prog senderr} */
 77 int         serv_listen(const char *);        /* {Progs servlisten_streams servlisten_sockets} */
 78 int         serv_accept(int, uid_t *);        /* {Progs servaccept_streams servaccept_sockets} */
 79 int         cli_conn(const char *);        /* {Progs cliconn_streams cliconn_sockets} */
 80 int         buf_args(char *, int (*func)(int,
 81                   char **));            /* {Prog bufargs} */
 82 
 83 int         ptym_open(char *, int);    /* {Progs3 ptyopen_streams ptyopen_bsd ptyopen_linux} */
 84 int         ptys_open(char *);            /* {Progs3 ptyopen_streams ptyopen_bsd ptyopen_linux} */
 85 #ifdef    TIOCGWINSZ
 86 pid_t     pty_fork(int *, char *, int, const struct termios *,
 87                   const struct winsize *);        /* {Prog ptyfork} */
 88 #endif
 89 
 90 int        lock_reg(int, int, int, off_t, int, off_t); /* {Prog lockreg} */
 91 #define    read_lock(fd, offset, whence, len) \
 92             lock_reg((fd), F_SETLK, F_RDLCK, (offset), (whence), (len))
 93 #define    readw_lock(fd, offset, whence, len) \
 94             lock_reg((fd), F_SETLKW, F_RDLCK, (offset), (whence), (len))
 95 #define    write_lock(fd, offset, whence, len) \
 96             lock_reg((fd), F_SETLK, F_WRLCK, (offset), (whence), (len))
 97 #define    writew_lock(fd, offset, whence, len) \
 98             lock_reg((fd), F_SETLKW, F_WRLCK, (offset), (whence), (len))
 99 #define    un_lock(fd, offset, whence, len) \
100             lock_reg((fd), F_SETLK, F_UNLCK, (offset), (whence), (len))
101 
102 pid_t    lock_test(int, int, off_t, int, off_t);        /* {Prog locktest} */
103 
104 #define    is_read_lockable(fd, offset, whence, len) \
105             (lock_test((fd), F_RDLCK, (offset), (whence), (len)) == 0)
106 #define    is_write_lockable(fd, offset, whence, len) \
107             (lock_test((fd), F_WRLCK, (offset), (whence), (len)) == 0)
108 
109 void    err_dump(const char *, ...);        /* {App misc_source} */
110 void    err_msg(const char *, ...);
111 void    err_quit(const char *, ...);
112 void    err_exit(int, const char *, ...);
113 void    err_ret(const char *, ...);
114 void    err_sys(const char *, ...);
115 
116 void    log_msg(const char *, ...);            /* {App misc_source} */
117 void    log_open(const char *, int, int);
118 void    log_quit(const char *, ...);
119 void    log_ret(const char *, ...);
120 void    log_sys(const char *, ...);
121 
122 void    TELL_WAIT(void);        /* parent/child from {Sec race_conditions} */
123 void    TELL_PARENT(pid_t);
124 void    TELL_CHILD(pid_t);
125 void    WAIT_PARENT(void);
126 void    WAIT_CHILD(void);
127 
128 #include "error.c"
129 
130 #endif    /* _APUE_H */

2.  error.c /src/include/error.c

  1 #include "apue.h"
  2 #include <errno.h>        /* for definition of errno */
  3 #include <stdarg.h>        /* ISO C variable aruments */
  4 
  5 static void    err_doit(int, int, const char *, va_list);
  6 
  7 /*
  8  * Nonfatal error related to a system call.
  9  * Print a message and return.
 10  */
 11 void
 12 err_ret(const char *fmt, ...)
 13 {
 14     va_list        ap;
 15 
 16     va_start(ap, fmt);
 17     err_doit(1, errno, fmt, ap);
 18     va_end(ap);
 19 }
 20 
 21 /*
 22  * Fatal error related to a system call.
 23  * Print a message and terminate.
 24  */
 25 void
 26 err_sys(const char *fmt, ...)
 27 {
 28     va_list        ap;
 29 
 30     va_start(ap, fmt);
 31     err_doit(1, errno, fmt, ap);
 32     va_end(ap);
 33     exit(1);
 34 }
 35 
 36 /*
 37  * Fatal error unrelated to a system call.
 38  * Error code passed as explict parameter.
 39  * Print a message and terminate.
 40  */
 41 void
 42 err_exit(int error, const char *fmt, ...)
 43 {
 44     va_list        ap;
 45 
 46     va_start(ap, fmt);
 47     err_doit(1, error, fmt, ap);
 48     va_end(ap);
 49     exit(1);
 50 }
 51 
 52 /*
 53  * Fatal error related to a system call.
 54  * Print a message, dump core, and terminate.
 55  */
 56 void
 57 err_dump(const char *fmt, ...)
 58 {
 59     va_list        ap;
 60 
 61     va_start(ap, fmt);
 62     err_doit(1, errno, fmt, ap);
 63     va_end(ap);
 64     abort();        /* dump core and terminate */
 65     exit(1);        /* shouldn't get here */
 66 }
 67 
 68 /*
 69  * Nonfatal error unrelated to a system call.
 70  * Print a message and return.
 71  */
 72 void
 73 err_msg(const char *fmt, ...)
 74 {
 75     va_list        ap;
 76 
 77     va_start(ap, fmt);
 78     err_doit(0, 0, fmt, ap);
 79     va_end(ap);
 80 }
 81 
 82 /*
 83  * Fatal error unrelated to a system call.
 84  * Print a message and terminate.
 85  */
 86 void
 87 err_quit(const char *fmt, ...)
 88 {
 89     va_list        ap;
 90 
 91     va_start(ap, fmt);
 92     err_doit(0, 0, fmt, ap);
 93     va_end(ap);
 94     exit(1);
 95 }
 96 
 97 /*
 98  * Print a message and return to caller.
 99  * Caller specifies "errnoflag".
100  */
101 static void
102 err_doit(int errnoflag, int error, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
103 {
104     char    buf[MAXLINE];
105 
106     vsnprintf(buf, MAXLINE, fmt, ap);
107     if (errnoflag)
108         snprintf(buf+strlen(buf), MAXLINE-strlen(buf), ": %s",
109           strerror(error));
110     strcat(buf, "\n");
111     fflush(stdout);        /* in case stdout and stderr are the same */
112     fputs(buf, stderr);
113     fflush(NULL);        /* flushes all stdio output streams */
114 }