Python 基于lxml.etree实现xpath查找HTML元素

基于lxml.etree实现xpath查找HTML元素

 

By:授客 QQ：1033553122

#实践环境

WIN 10

Python 3.6.5

lxml-4.6.2-cp36-cp36m-win_amd64.whl

 

#实践代码

 

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-


from lxml import etree

html_str = '''<html>

<body>

<table width="400" border="1">
 <tr>
  <th align="left">消费项目....</th>
  <th align="right">一月</th>
  <th align="right">二月</th>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td align="left">衣服</td>
  <td align="right">$241.10</td>
  <td align="right">$50.20</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td align="left">化妆品</td>
  <td align="right">$30.00</td>
  <td align="right">$44.45</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td align="left">食物</td>
  <td align="right">$730.40</td>
  <td align="right">$650.00</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <th align="left">总计</th>
  <th align="right">$1001.50</th>
  <th align="right">$744.65</th>
 </tr>
</table>

</body>
</html>
'''

root_node = etree.HTML(html_str) # 解析HTML字符串，并返回HTML根结点
print('根节节点名称为：%s' % root_node.tag) # 输出 html

# 查找根节点
print(root_node.xpath('/html')) # 输出 <Element html at 0x17245dc8508>]

tr_element_list = root_node.xpath("//table/tr[2]/td") # 获取table元素节点下，第二个tr元素节点下的所有td元素
for element in tr_element_list:
    print(element.tag, element.text)

/* for循环输出如下
td 衣服
td $241.10
td $50.20
*/

etree.tostring(root_node, encoding='utf-8').decode('utf-8') ## 输出节点内容
second_tr = root_node.xpath('//table/tr[2]')[0]  # 获取table元素节点下，第二个tr元素节点
print(etree.tostring(second_tr, encoding='utf-8').decode('utf-8')) ## 输出节点内容
/*
<tr>
   <td align="left">衣服</td>
   <td align="right">$241.10</td>
   <td align="right">$50.20</td>
 </tr>
*/
# 注意：etree.tostring返回结果为字节对象
print(etree.tostring(second_tr)) ## 输出以下内容
/*
b'<tr>\n  <td align="left">衣服</td>\n  <td align="right">$241.10</td>\n  <td align="right">$50.20</td>\n </tr>\n '
*/

print(etree.tostring(second_tr).decode('utf-8')) # 输出以下内容
/*
<tr>
  <td align="left">衣服</td>
  <td align="right">$241.10</td>
  <td align="right">$50.20</td>
  </tr>
*/

　　

 

#参考连接

https://lxml.de/tutorial.html#the-element-class

https://lxml.de/tutorial.html#the-xml-function

 

 

 

posted @ 2020-12-27 21:13  授客  阅读(936)  评论(0)  编辑  收藏  举报