【双向BFS】LeetCode 752. 打开转盘锁

题目链接

752. 打开转盘锁

思路

双向BFS，详见宫水三叶大佬题解。

与拓展题目的思路异曲同工。

代码

class Solution {
    public int openLock(String[] deadends, String target) {
        String beginNumber = "0000";
        String endNumber = target;
        Set<String> deadNumbers = new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(deadends));
        if(deadNumbers.contains(beginNumber)){
            return -1;
        }
        if(beginNumber.equals(target)){
            return 0;
        }

        return bfs(beginNumber, endNumber, deadNumbers);
    }

    int bfs(String beginNumber, String endNumber, Set<String> deadNumbers){
        Queue<String> queueBegin = new LinkedList<>();
        Queue<String> queueEnd = new LinkedList<>();
        HashMap<String, Integer> mapBegin = new HashMap<>();
        HashMap<String, Integer> mapEnd = new HashMap<>();

        queueBegin.offer(beginNumber);
        queueEnd.offer(endNumber);
        mapBegin.put(beginNumber, 0);
        mapEnd.put(endNumber, 0);
        int result = -1;
        while(!queueBegin.isEmpty() && !queueEnd.isEmpty()){
            if(queueBegin.size() < queueEnd.size()){
                result = update(queueBegin, mapBegin, mapEnd, deadNumbers);
            }else{
                result = update(queueEnd, mapEnd, mapBegin, deadNumbers);
            }

            if(result != -1){
                break;
            }
        }

        return result;
    }

    int update(Queue<String> queue, HashMap<String, Integer> current,
               HashMap<String, Integer> other, Set<String> deadNumbers){
        int size = queue.size();

        while(size > 0){
            size--;
            String currentNumber = queue.remove();
            for(int i = 0; i < currentNumber.length(); i++){
                for(int j = -1; j <= 1; j++){
                    if(j == 0){
                        continue;
                    }

                    int nextInt = (currentNumber.charAt(i) - '0' + j) % 10;
                    if(nextInt == -1){
                        nextInt = 9;
                    }
                    String nextNumber = currentNumber.substring(0, i) + nextInt + currentNumber.substring(i + 1);

                    if(!deadNumbers.contains(nextNumber)){
                        if(current.containsKey(nextNumber) &&
                                current.get(nextNumber) <= current.get(currentNumber) + 1){
                            continue;
                        }

                        if(other.containsKey(nextNumber)){
                            return current.get(currentNumber) + 1 + other.get(nextNumber);
                        }else{
                            current.put(nextNumber, current.get(currentNumber) + 1);
                            queue.offer(nextNumber);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        return -1;
    }
}

拓展

【双向BFS】LeetCode 127. 单词接龙