常用的Hql语句

  1     // HQL: Hibernate Query Language.  
  2     // 特点:  
  3     // >> 1,与SQL相似,SQL中的语法基本上都可以直接使用。  
  4     // >> 2,SQL查询的是表和表中的列;HQL查询的是对象与对象中的属性。  
  5     // >> 3,HQL的关键字不区分大小写,类名与属性名是区分大小写的。  
  6     // >> 4,SELECT可以省略.         
  7               
  8     // 1,简单的查询,Employee为实体名而不是数据库中的表名(面向对象特性)  
  9     hql = "FROM Employee";  
 10     hql = "FROM Employee AS e"; // 使用别名  
 11     hql = "FROM Employee e"; // 使用别名,as关键字可省略  
 12       
 13     // 2,带上过滤条件的(可以使用别名):Where  
 14     hql = "FROM Employee WHERE id<10";  
 15     hql = "FROM Employee e WHERE e.id<10";  
 16     hql = "FROM Employee e WHERE e.id<10 AND e.id>5";  
 17       
 18     // 3,带上排序条件的:Order By  
 19     hql = "FROM Employee e WHERE e.id<10 ORDER BY e.name";  
 20     hql = "FROM Employee e WHERE e.id<10 ORDER BY e.name DESC";  
 21     hql = "FROM Employee e WHERE e.id<10 ORDER BY e.name DESC, id ASC";  
 22       
 23     // 4,指定select子句(不可以使用select *)  
 24     hql = "SELECT e FROM Employee e"; // 相当于"FROM Employee e"  
 25     hql = "SELECT e.name FROM Employee e"; // 只查询一个列,返回的集合的元素类型就是这个属性的类型  
 26     hql = "SELECT e.id,e.name FROM Employee e"; // 查询多个列,返回的集合的元素类型是Object数组  
 27     hql = "SELECT new Employee(e.id,e.name) FROM Employee e"; // 可以使用new语法,指定把查询出的部分属性封装到对象中  
 28       
 29     // 5,执行查询,获得结果(list、uniqueResult、分页 )  
 30     Query query = session.createQuery("FROM Employee e WHERE id<3");  
 31     query.setFirstResult(0);  
 32     query.setMaxResults(10); // 等同于 limit 0,10  
 33     //两种查询结果list、uniqueResult  
 34     // List list = query.list(); // 查询的结果是一个List集合  
 35     // Employee employee = (Employee) query.uniqueResult();// 查询的结果是唯一的一个结果,当结果有多个,就会抛异常  
 36       
 37     // 6,方法链  
 38     List list = session.createQuery(//  
 39             "FROM Employee e")//  
 40             .setFirstResult(0)//  
 41             .setMaxResults(10)//  
 42             .list();  
 43       
 44     // 7,聚集函数:count(), max(), min(), avg(), sum()  
 45     hql = "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM Employee"; // 返回的结果是Long型的  
 46     hql = "SELECT min(id) FROM Employee"; // 返回的结果是id属性的类型  
 47       
 48     //8,分组: Group By ... Having  
 49     hql = "SELECT e.name,COUNT(e.id) FROM Employee e GROUP BY e.name";  
 50     hql = "SELECT e.name,COUNT(e.id) FROM Employee e GROUP BY e.name HAVING count(e.id)>1";  
 51     hql = "SELECT e.name,COUNT(e.id) FROM Employee e WHERE id<9 GROUP BY e.name HAVING count(e.id)>1";  
 52     hql = "SELECT e.name,COUNT(e.id) " + //  
 53          "FROM Employee e " + //  
 54          "WHERE id<9 " + //  
 55          "GROUP BY e.name " + //  
 56          "HAVING count(e.id)>1 " + //  
 57          "ORDER BY count(e.id) ASC";  
 58     hql = "SELECT e.name,COUNT(e.id) AS c " + //  
 59          "FROM Employee e " + //  
 60          "WHERE id<9 " + //  
 61          "GROUP BY e.name " + //  
 62          "HAVING count(e.id)>1 " + // 在having子句中不能使用列别名  
 63          "ORDER BY c ASC"; // 在orderby子句中可以使用列别名  
 64       
 65     // 9,连接查询 / HQL是面向对象的查询  
 66      //>> 内连接(inner关键字可以省略)  
 67      hql = "SELECT e.id,e.name,d.name FROM Employee e JOIN e.department d";  
 68      hql = "SELECT e.id,e.name,d.name FROM Employee e INNER JOIN e.department d";  
 69      //>> 左外连接(outer关键字可以省略)  
 70      hql = "SELECT e.id,e.name,d.name FROM Employee e LEFT OUTER JOIN e.department d";  
 71      //>> 右外连接(outer关键字可以省略)  
 72      hql = "SELECT e.id,e.name,d.name FROM Employee e RIGHT JOIN e.department d";  
 73      //可以使用更方便的方法  
 74      hql = "SELECT e.id,e.name,e.department.name FROM Employee e";  
 75       
 76     // 10,查询时使用参数  
 77     // >> 方式一:使用'?'占位  
 78      hql = "FROM Employee e WHERE id BETWEEN ? AND ?";  
 79      List list2 = session.createQuery(hql)//  
 80          .setParameter(0, 5)// 设置参数,第1个参数的索引为0。  
 81          .setParameter(1, 15)//  
 82          .list();  
 83       
 84     // >> 方式二:使用变量名  
 85      hql = "FROM Employee e WHERE id BETWEEN :idMin AND :idMax";  
 86      List list3 = session.createQuery(hql)//  
 87          .setParameter("idMax", 15)//  
 88          .setParameter("idMin", 5)//  
 89          .list();  
 90       
 91     // 当参数是集合时,一定要使用setParameterList()设置参数值  
 92      hql = "FROM Employee e WHERE id IN (:ids)";  
 93      List list4 = session.createQuery(hql)//  
 94          .setParameterList("ids", new Object[] { 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 100 })//  
 95          .list();  
 96       
 97     // 11,update与delete,不会通知Session缓存  
 98     // >> Update  
 99     int result = session.createQuery(//  
100             "UPDATE Employee e SET e.name=? WHERE id>15")//  
101             .setParameter(0, "无名氏")//  
102             .executeUpdate(); // 返回int型的结果,表示影响了多少行。  
103     // >> Delete  
104     int result1 = session.createQuery(//  
105             "DELETE FROM Employee e WHERE id>15")//  
106             .executeUpdate(); // 返回int型的结果,表示影响了多少行。  

 

posted @ 2016-06-03 11:22  shirayner  阅读(250)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报