SQLServer和Oracle的常用函数对比

---------数学函数

  1.绝对值 
  S:select abs(-1) value
  O:select abs(-1) value from dual 
  2.取整(大) 
  S:select ceiling(-1.001) value 
  O:select ceil(-1.001) value from dual

  3.取整(小) 
  S:select floor(-1.001) value 
  O:select floor(-1.001) value from dual

  4.取整(截取)
  S:select cast(-1.002 as int) value 
  O:select trunc(-1.002) value from dual

  5.四舍五入
  S:select round(1.23456,4) value 1.23460
  O:select round(1.23456,4) value from dual 1.2346

  6.e为底的幂 
  S:select Exp(1) value 2.7182818284590451 
  O:select Exp(1) value from dual 2.71828182

  7.取e为底的对数
  S:select log(2.7182818284590451) value 1
  O:select ln(2.7182818284590451) value from dual; 1

  8.取10为底对数
  S:select log10(10) value 1
  O:select log(10,10) value from dual; 1

  9.取平方
  S:select SQUARE(4) value 16
  O:select power(4,2) value from dual 16

  10.取平方根
  S:select SQRT(4) value 2
  O:select SQRT(4) value from dual 2

  11.求任意数为底的幂
  S:select power(3,4) value 81
  O:select power(3,4) value from dual 81

  12.取随机数
  S:select rand() value 
  O:select sys.dbms_random.value(0,1) value from dual;

  13.取符号
  S:select sign(-8) value -1
  O:select sign(-8) value from dual -1


----------数学函数

  14.圆周率
  S:SELECT PI() value 3.1415926535897931
  O:不知道

  15.sin,cos,tan 参数都以弧度为单位
  例如:select sin(PI()/2) value 得到1(SQLServer)

  16.Asin,Acos,Atan,Atan2 返回弧度

  17.弧度角度互换(SQLServer,Oracle不知道)
  DEGREES:弧度-〉角度
  RADIANS:角度-〉弧度

  ---------数值间比较

  18. 求集合最大值
  S:select max(value) value from 
  (select 1 value
  union
  select -2 value
  union
  select 4 value
  union
  select 3 value)a

  O:select greatest(1,-2,4,3) value from dual

  19. 求集合最小值
  S:select min(value) value from 
  (select 1 value
  union
  select -2 value
  union
  select 4 value
  union
  select 3 value)a

  O:select least(1,-2,4,3) value from dual

  20.如何处理null值(F2中的null以10代替)
  S:select F1,IsNull(F2,10) value from Tbl
  O:select F1,nvl(F2,10) value from Tbl

  --------数值间比较

  21.求字符序号
  S:select ascii(a) value
  O:select ascii(a) value from dual

  22.从序号求字符
  S:select char(97) value
  O:select chr(97) value from dual

  23.连接
  S:select 11+22+33 value
  O:select CONCAT(11,22)||33 value from dual 
23.子串位置 --返回3
  S:select CHARINDEX(s,sdsq,2) value 
  O:select INSTR(sdsq,s,2) value from dual

  23.模糊子串的位置 --返回2,参数去掉中间%则返回7
  S:select patindex(%d%q%,sdsfasdqe) value 
  O:oracle没发现,但是instr可以通过第四个参数控制出现次数
  select INSTR(sdsfasdqe,sd,1,2) value from dual 返回6

  24.求子串
  S:select substring(abcd,2,2) value 
  O:select substr(abcd,2,2) value from dual

  25.子串代替 返回aijklmnef
  S:SELECT STUFF(abcdef, 2, 3, ijklmn) value
  O:SELECT Replace(abcdef, bcd, ijklmn) value from dual

  26.子串全部替换
  S:没发现
  O:select Translate(fasdbfasegas,fa,我 ) value from dual

  27.长度
  S:len,datalength
  O:length

  28.大小写转换 lower,upper

  29.单词首字母大写
  S:没发现
  O:select INITCAP(abcd dsaf df) value from dual

  30.左补空格(LPAD的第一个参数为空格则同space函数)
  S:select space(10)+abcd value
  O:select LPAD(abcd,14) value from dual

  31.右补空格(RPAD的第一个参数为空格则同space函数)
  S:select abcd+space(10) value
  O:select RPAD(abcd,14) value from dual

  32.删除空格
  S:ltrim,rtrim
  O:ltrim,rtrim,trim

  33. 重复字符串
  S:select REPLICATE(abcd,2) value 
  O:没发现

  34.发音相似性比较(这两个单词返回值一样,发音相同)
  S:SELECT SOUNDEX (Smith), SOUNDEX (Smythe)
  O:SELECT SOUNDEX (Smith), SOUNDEX (Smythe) from dual
  SQLServer中用SELECT DIFFERENCE(Smithers, Smythers) 比较soundex的差
  返回0-4,4为同音,1最高

  --------------日期函数

  35.系统时间
  S:select getdate() value
  O:select sysdate value from dual

  36.前后几日
  直接与整数相加减

  37.求日期
  S:select convert(char(10),getdate(),20) value
  O:select trunc(sysdate) value from dual
  select to_char(sysdate,yyyy-mm-dd) value from dual

  38.求时间
  S:select convert(char(8),getdate(),108) value
  O:select to_char(sysdate,hh24:mm:ss) value from dual


posted @ 2014-03-17 14:43  一直向北  阅读(135)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报