python supervisor使用
介绍
Supervisor是一个进程控制系统. 它是一个C/S系统(注意: 其提供WEB接口给用户查询和控制), 它允许用户去监控和控制在类UNIX系统的进程. 它的目标与launchd, daemontools和runit有些相似, 但是与它们不一样的是, 它不是作为init(进程号pid是1)运行. 它是被用来控制进程, 并且它在启动的时候和一般程序并无二致.
那么通俗点，它的作用是什么？你的Nginx，Tomcat，memcache，Redis...会崩么，不会？好吧，那你自己写的服务器监测脚本呢？好吧，不要再纠结了，交给Supervisor吧，它会帮你维护这些，即使它们不小心崩了，Supervisor会帮你看住它们，维护它们。
安装和配置
安装 pip install supervisor
生成配置文件 echo_supervisord_conf > /etc/supervisord.conf
配置文件样例：
; Sample supervisor config file.
;
; For more information on the config file, please see:
; http://supervisord.org/configuration.html
;
; Notes:
; - Shell expansion ("~" or "$HOME") is not supported. Environment
; variables can be expanded using this syntax: "%(ENV_HOME)s".
; - Comments must have a leading space: "a=b ;comment" not "a=b;comment".
[unix_http_server]
file=/tmp/supervisor.sock ; (the path to the socket file)
;chmod=0700 ; socket file mode (default 0700)
;chown=nobody:nogroup ; socket file uid:gid owner
;username=user ; (default is no username (open server))
;password=123 ; (default is no password (open server))
;[inet_http_server] ; inet (TCP) server disabled by default
;port=127.0.0.1:9001 ; (ip_address:port specifier, *:port for all iface)
;username=user ; (default is no username (open server))
;password=123 ; (default is no password (open server))
[supervisord]
logfile=/tmp/supervisord.log ; (main log file;default $CWD/supervisord.log)
logfile_maxbytes=50MB ; (max main logfile bytes b4 rotation;default 50MB)
logfile_backups=10 ; (num of main logfile rotation backups;default 10)
loglevel=info ; (log level;default info; others: debug,warn,trace)
pidfile=/tmp/supervisord.pid ; (supervisord pidfile;default supervisord.pid)
nodaemon=false ; (start in foreground if true;default false)
minfds=1024 ; (min. avail startup file descriptors;default 1024)
minprocs=200 ; (min. avail process descriptors;default 200)
;umask=022 ; (process file creation umask;default 022)
;user=chrism ; (default is current user, required if root)
;identifier=supervisor ; (supervisord identifier, default is 'supervisor')
;directory=/tmp ; (default is not to cd during start)
;nocleanup=true ; (don't clean up tempfiles at start;default false)
;childlogdir=/tmp ; ('AUTO' child log dir, default $TEMP)
;environment=KEY="value" ; (key value pairs to add to environment)
;strip_ansi=false ; (strip ansi escape codes in logs; def. false)
; the below section must remain in the config file for RPC
; (supervisorctl/web interface) to work, additional interfaces may be
; added by defining them in separate rpcinterface: sections
[rpcinterface:supervisor]
supervisor.rpcinterface_factory = supervisor.rpcinterface:make_main_rpcinterface
[supervisorctl]
serverurl=unix:///tmp/supervisor.sock ; use a unix:// URL for a unix socket
;serverurl=http://127.0.0.1:9001 ; use an http:// url to specify an inet socket
;username=chris ; should be same as http_username if set
;password=123 ; should be same as http_password if set
;prompt=mysupervisor ; cmd line prompt (default "supervisor")
;history_file=~/.sc_history ; use readline history if available
; The below sample program section shows all possible program subsection values,
; create one or more 'real' program: sections to be able to control them under
; supervisor.
;[program:theprogramname]
;command=/bin/cat ; the program (relative uses PATH, can take args)
;process_name=%(program_name)s ; process_name expr (default %(program_name)s)
;numprocs=1 ; number of processes copies to start (def 1)
;directory=/tmp ; directory to cwd to before exec (def no cwd)
;umask=022 ; umask for process (default None)
;priority=999 ; the relative start priority (default 999)
;autostart=true ; start at supervisord start (default: true)
;startsecs=1 ; # of secs prog must stay up to be running (def. 1)
;startretries=3 ; max # of serial start failures when starting (default 3)
;autorestart=unexpected ; when to restart if exited after running (def: unexpected)
;exitcodes=0,2 ; 'expected' exit codes used with autorestart (default 0,2)
;stopsignal=QUIT ; signal used to kill process (default TERM)
;stopwaitsecs=10 ; max num secs to wait b4 SIGKILL (default 10)
;stopasgroup=false ; send stop signal to the UNIX process group (default false)
;killasgroup=false ; SIGKILL the UNIX process group (def false)
;user=chrism ; setuid to this UNIX account to run the program
;redirect_stderr=true ; redirect proc stderr to stdout (default false)
;stdout_logfile=/a/path ; stdout log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
;stdout_logfile_maxbytes=1MB ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
;stdout_logfile_backups=10 ; # of stdout logfile backups (default 10)
;stdout_capture_maxbytes=1MB ; number of bytes in 'capturemode' (default 0)
;stdout_events_enabled=false ; emit events on stdout writes (default false)
;stderr_logfile=/a/path ; stderr log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
;stderr_logfile_maxbytes=1MB ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
;stderr_logfile_backups=10 ; # of stderr logfile backups (default 10)
;stderr_capture_maxbytes=1MB ; number of bytes in 'capturemode' (default 0)
;stderr_events_enabled=false ; emit events on stderr writes (default false)
;environment=A="1",B="2" ; process environment additions (def no adds)
;serverurl=AUTO ; override serverurl computation (childutils)
; The below sample eventlistener section shows all possible
; eventlistener subsection values, create one or more 'real'
; eventlistener: sections to be able to handle event notifications
; sent by supervisor.
;[eventlistener:theeventlistenername]
;command=/bin/eventlistener ; the program (relative uses PATH, can take args)
;process_name=%(program_name)s ; process_name expr (default %(program_name)s)
;numprocs=1 ; number of processes copies to start (def 1)
;events=EVENT ; event notif. types to subscribe to (req'd)
;buffer_size=10 ; event buffer queue size (default 10)
;directory=/tmp ; directory to cwd to before exec (def no cwd)
;umask=022 ; umask for process (default None)
;priority=-1 ; the relative start priority (default -1)
;autostart=true ; start at supervisord start (default: true)
;startsecs=1 ; # of secs prog must stay up to be running (def. 1)
;startretries=3 ; max # of serial start failures when starting (default 3)
;autorestart=unexpected ; autorestart if exited after running (def: unexpected)
;exitcodes=0,2 ; 'expected' exit codes used with autorestart (default 0,2)
;stopsignal=QUIT ; signal used to kill process (default TERM)
;stopwaitsecs=10 ; max num secs to wait b4 SIGKILL (default 10)
;stopasgroup=false ; send stop signal to the UNIX process group (default false)
;killasgroup=false ; SIGKILL the UNIX process group (def false)
;user=chrism ; setuid to this UNIX account to run the program
;redirect_stderr=false ; redirect_stderr=true is not allowed for eventlisteners
;stdout_logfile=/a/path ; stdout log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
;stdout_logfile_maxbytes=1MB ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
;stdout_logfile_backups=10 ; # of stdout logfile backups (default 10)
;stdout_events_enabled=false ; emit events on stdout writes (default false)
;stderr_logfile=/a/path ; stderr log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
;stderr_logfile_maxbytes=1MB ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
;stderr_logfile_backups=10 ; # of stderr logfile backups (default 10)
;stderr_events_enabled=false ; emit events on stderr writes (default false)
;environment=A="1",B="2" ; process environment additions
;serverurl=AUTO ; override serverurl computation (childutils)
; The below sample group section shows all possible group values,
; create one or more 'real' group: sections to create "heterogeneous"
; process groups.
;[group:thegroupname]
;programs=progname1,progname2 ; each refers to 'x' in [program:x] definitions
;priority=999 ; the relative start priority (default 999)
; The [include] section can just contain the "files" setting. This
; setting can list multiple files (separated by whitespace or
; newlines). It can also contain wildcards. The filenames are
; interpreted as relative to this file. Included files *cannot*
; include files themselves.
;[include]
;files = relative/directory/*.ini
(program)配置说明
;*为必须填写项 ;*[program:应用名称] [program:uwsgi] ;*命令路径,如果使用python启动的程序应该为 python /home/test.py, ;不建议放入/home/user/, 对于非user用户一般情况下是不能访问 command=/usr/local/python/2.7.10/bin/uwsgi --ini /etc/uwsgi.ini ;当numprocs为1时,process_name=%(program_name)s ;当numprocs>=2时,%(program_name)s_%(process_num)02d process_name=%(program_name)s ;进程数量 numprocs=1 ;执行目录,若有/home/supervisor_test/test1.py ;将directory设置成/home/supervisor_test ;则command只需设置成python test1.py ;否则command必须设置成绝对执行目录 directory=/tmp ;掩码:--- -w- -w-, 转换后rwx r-x w-x umask=022 ;优先级,值越高,最后启动,最先被关闭,默认值999 priority=999 ;如果是true,当supervisor启动时,程序将会自动启动 autostart=true ;*自动重启 autorestart=true ;启动延时执行,默认1秒 startsecs=10 ;启动尝试次数,默认3次 startretries=3 ;当退出码是0,2时,执行重启,默认值0,2 exitcodes=0,2 ;停止信号,默认TERM ;中断:INT(类似于Ctrl+C)(kill -INT pid),退出后会将写文件或日志(推荐) ;终止:TERM(kill -TERM pid) ;挂起:HUP(kill -HUP pid),注意与Ctrl+Z/kill -stop pid不同 ;从容停止:QUIT(kill -QUIT pid) ;KILL, USR1, USR2其他见命令(kill -l),说明1 stopsignal=TERM stopwaitsecs=10 ;*以root用户执行 user=root ;重定向 redirect_stderr=false stdout_logfile=/a/path stdout_logfile_maxbytes=1MB stdout_logfile_backups=10 stdout_capture_maxbytes=1MB stderr_logfile=/a/path stderr_logfile_maxbytes=1MB stderr_logfile_backups=10 stderr_capture_maxbytes=1MB
(inet_http_server)配置说明
[inet_http_server] ; inet (TCP) server disabled by default port=*:9001 ; (ip_address:port specifier, *:port for all iface) ;username=wangjian ; (default is no username (open server)) ;password=123456 ; (default is no password (open server))
启动与关闭
启动supervisord
supervisord -c /etc/supervisord.conf
关闭supervisord
supervisorctl shutdown
重新载入配置
supervisorctl reload
进程管理
Supervisord安装完成后有两个可用的命令行supervisord和supervisorctl
命令使用解释如下：
- supervisord， 初始启动Supervisord，启动、管理配置中设置的进程。
- supervisorctl stop programxxx， 停止某一个进程(programxxx)，programxxx为[program:chatdemon]里配置的值，这个示例就是chatdemon。
- supervisorctl start programxxx， 启动某个进程
- supervisorctl restart programxxx，重启某个进程
- supervisorctl stop groupworker: ，重启所有属于名为groupworker这个分组的进程(start,restart同理)
- supervisorctl stop all， 停止全部进程，注：start、restart、stop都不会载入最新的配置文件。
- supervisorctl reload， 载入最新的配置文件，停止原有进程并按新的配置启动、管理所有进程。
- supervisorctl update， 根据最新的配置文件，启动新配置或有改动的进程，配置没有改动的进程不会受影响而重启。
页面管理
访问 http://127.0.0.1:9001/
参考博文：
https://my.oschina.net/crooner/blog/395069?utm_source=tuicool&utm_medium=referral
http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-26000296-id-4759916.html
