django1.9 + uwsgi +nginx1.9 部署（centos6.6）

django1.9 + uwsgi +nginx1.9 部署

官方介绍 https://uwsgi.readthedocs.io/en/latest/tutorials/Django_and_nginx.html

 

安装uwsgi
一、下载
uwsgi:
https://pypi.python.org/pypi/uWSGI
uwsgi参数详解：
http://uwsgi-docs.readthedocs.org/en/latest/Options.html

二、安装和测试
pip install uwsgi
uwsgi --version    #查看 uwsgi 版本

创建一个test.py文件
def application(env, start_response):
    start_response('200 OK', [('Content-Type','text/html')])
    return [b"Hello World"]

运行uwsgi --http :8001 --wsgi-file test.py

页面访问这个地址

三、配置

上图为django创建的项目和app

在django创建的esat_web项目目录下新建uwsgi.ini，添加如下配置：

[uwsgi]

# Django-related settings

socket = :8004

# the base directory (full path)
chdir = /home/eastmonitor1.0/east_web

# Django s wsgi file
module = east_web.wsgi

# process-related settings
# master
master = true

# maximum number of worker processes
processes = 4

# ... with appropriate permissions - may be needed
# chmod-socket    = 664
# clear environment on exit
vacuum          = true

daemonize = /home/eastmonitor1.0/east_web/log/uwsgi.log

pidfile = /tmp/uwsgi.pid

 常用选项：
http ： 协议类型和端口号
processes ： 开启的进程数量
workers ： 开启的进程数量，等同于processes（官网的说法是spawn the specified number ofworkers / processes）
chdir ： 指定运行目录（chdir to specified directory before apps loading）
wsgi-file ： 载入wsgi-file（load .wsgi file）
stats ： 在指定的地址上，开启状态服务（enable the stats server on the specified address）
threads ： 运行线程.。（run each worker in prethreaded mode with the specified number of threads）
master ： 允许主进程存在（enable master process）
daemonize ： 使进程在后台运行，并将日志打到指定的日志文件或者udp服务器（daemonize uWSGI）。实际上最常用的，还是把运行记录输出到一个本地文件上。
pidfile ： 指定pid文件的位置，记录主进程的pid号。
vacuum ： 当服务器退出的时候自动清理环境，删除unix socket文件和pid文件（try to remove all of the generated file/sockets）
module  east_web.wsgi ，可以这么来理解，对于east_web_uwsgi.ini文件来说，与它的平级的有一个myweb目录，这个目录下有一个wsgi.py文件。

检测配置文件uwsgi --ini uwsgi.ini

uwsgi 配置介绍 http://www.cnblogs.com/zhouej/archive/2012/03/25/2379646.html

备注：本次检测是将文件中daemonize配置项屏蔽，不然会导致屏幕无法输出检测信息。

根据pid重启uwsgi命令：uwsgi --reload /tmp/uwsgi.pid

 

Nginx安装
系统平台：CentOS release 6.6 (Final) 64位。
一、安装编译工具及库文件
yum -y install make zlib zlib-devel gcc-c++ libtool openssl openssl-devel

二、安装 PCRE
下载地址：http://www.pcre.org/
软件包版本：pcre-8.37.tar.gz
tar -zxvf pcre-8.37.tar.gz
cd pcre-8.37
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcre
make
make install
查看版本信息：pcre-config --version

三 、安装Nignx
下载地址：http://nginx.org/download/
软件包版本：nginx-1.9.9.tar.gz
tar -zxvf nginx-1.9.9.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.9.9
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-pcre=/home/software/pcre-8.37 \
--lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock
备注：--with-pcre=DIR 是设置源码目录，而不是编译安装后的目录。

make

make install

四、配置
配置nginx.conf文件
log_format值
 1.$remote_addr 与$http_x_forwarded_for 用以记录客户端的ip地址；
 2.$remote_user ：用来记录客户端用户名称；
 3.$time_local ： 用来记录访问时间与时区；
 4.$request ： 用来记录请求的url与http协议；
 5.$status ： 用来记录请求状态；成功是200，
 6.$body_bytes_s ent ：记录发送给客户端文件主体内容大小；
 7.$http_referer ：用来记录从那个页面链接访问过来的；
 8.$http_user_agent ：记录客户端浏览器的相关信息；

配置内容：

#user  nobody;
worker_processes  4;
worker_rlimit_nofile  65535;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    use epoll;
    worker_connections  65535;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
    log_format logstash '{"@timestamp":"$time_iso8601",'
                         '"host":"$server_addr",'
                         '"clientip":"$remote_addr",'
                         '"size":$body_bytes_sent,'
                         '"responsetime":$request_time,'
                         '"upstreamtime":"$upstream_response_time",'
                         '"upstreamhost":"$upstream_addr",'
                         '"http_host":"$host",'
                         '"url":"$uri",'
                         '"xff":"$http_x_forwarded_for",'
                         '"referer":"$http_referer",'
                         '"agent":"$http_user_agent",'
                         '"request":"$request"'
                         '"request_body":"$request_body"'
                         '"status":"$status"}'

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    gzip  on;
    fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
    fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
    fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
    fastcgi_buffer_size 256k;
    fastcgi_buffers 16 256k;
    fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 512k;
    fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 512k;
    
    include  extra/uwsgi.conf;
    include  extra/status.conf;
} 

vi status.conf
server {
        listen       9003;
        server_name  0.0.0.0;
        location /nginx_status { 
                stub_status on;
                access_log off;
                allow 127.0.0.1;
                deny all;
        }
}

listen 指定的是nginx代理uwsgi对外的端口号。
server_name  网上大多资料都是设置的一个网址（例，www.example.com），我这里如果设置成网址无法访问，所以，指定的到了本机默认ip。
include 必须指定为uwsgi_params；而uwsgi_pass指的本机IP的端口与east_web项目中的uwsgi.ini配置文件中的必须一直。

五、开机自启动

#! /bin/bash
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig:   - 85 15
# description:  Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
#               proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
#
# processname: nginx
# config:      /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# pidfile:     /var/run/nginx/nginx.pid

# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network

# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0

nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)

NGINX_CONF_FILE="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"

[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx

lockfile=/var/lock/nginx.lock

start() {
    [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
    [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
    echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
    daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
    retval=$?
    echo
    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
    return $retval
}

stop() {
    echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
    killproc $prog -QUIT
    retval=$?
    echo
    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
    return $retval
}

restart() {
    configtest || return $?
    stop
    sleep 1
    start
}

reload() {
    configtest || return $?
    echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
    killproc $nginx -HUP
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
}

force_reload() {
    restart
}

configtest() {
  $nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}

rh_status() {
    status $prog
}

rh_status_q() {
    rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}

case "$1" in
    start)
        rh_status_q && exit 0
        $1
        ;;
    stop)
        rh_status_q || exit 0
        $1
        ;;
    restart|configtest)
        $1
        ;;
    reload)
        rh_status_q || exit 7
        $1
        ;;
    force-reload)
        force_reload
        ;;
    status)
        rh_status
        ;;
    condrestart|try-restart)
        rh_status_q || exit 0
            ;;
    *)
        echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
        exit 2
esac

/etc/init.d/目录创建nginx，接着添加可执行权限，chmod 755 nginx
最后执行添加到开机启动的命令：
chkconfig --add nginx
chkconfig nginx on即可。

nginx部署参考https://typecodes.com/web/centos7compilenginx.html?utm_source=tuicool&utm_medium=referral

django + uwsgi +nginx参考

http://www.cnblogs.com/fnng/p/5268633.html

 

Django admin 静态文件配置

1）配置settings

STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static")

2）执行python manage.py collectstatic

输入yes

static目录下生成admin静态文件

 

 优化，解决ab压测是出现504的情况

• nginx.conf

#user  nobody;
worker_processes  4;
worker_rlimit_nofile  65535;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    use epoll;
    worker_connections  65535;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
    log_format logstash '{"@timestamp":"$time_iso8601",'
                         '"host":"$server_addr",'
                         '"clientip":"$remote_addr",'
                         '"size":$body_bytes_sent,'
                         '"responsetime":$request_time,'
                         '"upstreamtime":"$upstream_response_time",'
                         '"upstreamhost":"$upstream_addr",'
                         '"http_host":"$host",'
                         '"url":"$uri",'
                         '"xff":"$http_x_forwarded_for",'
                         '"referer":"$http_referer",'
                         '"agent":"$http_user_agent",'
                         '"request":"$request"'
                         '"request_body":"$request_body"'
                         '"status":"$status"}'

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;
   server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
   client_max_body_size 50M;
   client_body_buffer_size 64k;
   large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    gzip  on;
    fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
    fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
    fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
    fastcgi_buffer_size 256k;
    fastcgi_buffers 16 256k;
    fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 512k;
    fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 512k;
    
    include  extra/uwsgi.conf;
    include  extra/status.conf;
    include  extra/phpadmin.conf;
} 

• uwsgi.conf

server {
        listen       8003;
        server_name  0.0.0.0;
        charset UTF-8;
        location / {
                include uwsgi_params;
                uwsgi_pass 0.0.0.0:8004;
                uwsgi_read_timeout 1800;
                uwsgi_send_timeout 300;
                proxy_read_timeout 300;
        }

        #charset koi8-r;

        access_log  logs/uwsgi_access.log logstash;
        error_log logs/error.log;

        location /static {
                expires 30d;
                autoindex on;
                #add_header Cache-Control private;
                alias /home/eastmonitor5.0/east_web/static/;
        }

        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
                root   html;
        }

}