Path Sum II
Given a binary tree and a sum, find all root-to-leaf paths where each path's sum equals the given sum.
For example:
Given the below binary tree and sum = 22
,
5 / \ 4 8 / / \ 11 13 4 / \ / \ 7 2 5 1
return
[ [5,4,11,2], [5,8,4,5] ]
求二叉树从根到叶子结点,结点和等于sum的所有路径。很有意思的一道题目,解法是DFS,深搜。判断根到每个叶子结点的路径和是否等于sum。具体解法有结合backtracking回溯的或者不结合两种,回溯代码如下:
class Solution(object): def pathSum(self, root, sum): """ :type root: TreeNode :type sum: int :rtype: List[List[int]] """ if not root: return [] res = [] #返回结果 path = [] #当前路径 self.helper(root, path, res, sum) return res def helper(self, node, path, res, sum): if not node: return path.append(node.val) if not node.left and not node.right: if sum == node.val: res.append(path+[]) self.helper(node.left,path,res,sum-node.val) self.helper(node.right,path,res,sum-node.val) path.pop() #如果到达叶子结点,弹出该结点的值,回到上一步的路径。
可以看到回溯方法,函数中共用path, path作为引用使用,处理完一个叶子结点,就进行弹出处理,方便后续别的路径的检查。遍历完每个结点,时间复杂度为O(n),空间复杂度为栈的高度O(logn)。
非回溯方法:
class Solution(object): def pathSum(self, root, sum): """ :type root: TreeNode :type sum: int :rtype: List[List[int]] """ if not root: return [] res = [] path = [] self.helper(root, path, res, sum) return res def helper(self, node, path, res, sum): if not node: return path = path + [node.val] if not node.left and not node.right: if sum == node.val: res.append(path) return self.helper(node.left,path,res,sum-node.val) self.helper(node.right,path,res,sum-node.val)
非回溯方法由于每个函数调用内部都做了path = path + [node.val]的操作,函数内部的path不同于传入函数内部的path,所以函数内部不能共享path,空间复杂度比较高,依然是遍历一次每个结点,时间复杂度O(n)。
posted on 2016-05-06 20:21 Sheryl Wang 阅读(138) 评论(0) 编辑 收藏 举报