第3次实践作业
目录
(1)完成Docker-compose的安装
通过命令安装
-
运行此命令以下载 Docker 合成的当前稳定版本:
sudo curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.25.5/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
-
修改权限为可执行:
sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
通过pip 安装
sudo apt-get update
# 安装pip
sudo apt-get install python-pip
# 安装docker-compose
sudo pip install docker-compose
测试安装。
$ docker-compose --version
docker-compose version 1.25.5, build 1110ad01
(2)Dockerfile编写
要求:
- LNMP/LAMP选择一种;
- 分别构建web、php应用、数据库等镜像服务,php镜像亦有提供php:-apache的变体;
- 提示:php连接数据库需要安装必要的核心扩展部件(PHP Core Extensions)安装方法可参考官方镜像介绍。
nginx Dockerfile
- Dockerfile
FROM nginx
# maintainer作者字段
LABEL maintainer="shenkay"
- nginx conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location / {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
fastcgi_pass php:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /www/$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
}
php Dockerfile
FROM php:7.4-fpm
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
libfreetype6-dev \
libjpeg62-turbo-dev \
libpng-dev \
&& docker-php-ext-configure gd --with-freetype --with-jpeg \
&& docker-php-ext-install -j$(nproc) gd \
&& docker-php-ext-install pdo_mysql
ENV MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456
- index.php
<?php phpinfo();?>
mysql Dockerfile
FROM mysql
# maintainer作者字段
LABEL maintainer="shenkay"
#设置root密码
ENV MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD 123456
# 不允许空密码登录
ENV MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD no
#创建数据库
ENV MYSQL_DATABASE docker_mysql
#为docker_mysql创建新用户
ENV MYSQL_USER=docker
ENV MYSQL_PASSWORD=123456
(3)使用Compose实现多容器运行机制
- 编写compose文件,完成上述LNMP/LAMP的微服务组合部署。
- 参考资料:Get started with Docker Compose
docker-compose.yml
version: "3"
services:
php:
image: php_image
container_name: php_container
build: ./php
environment:
MYSQL_PASSWORD: 123456
volumes:
- ./web:/www
nginx:
image: nginx_image
container_name: nginx_container
build: ./nginx
ports:
- "80:80"
links:
- php:php
volumes:
- ./web:/usr/share/nginx/html
- ./nginx/default.conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
mysql:
image: mysql_image
container_name: mysql_container
build: ./mysql
command: --default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password
ports:
- "3306:3306"
volumes:
- ./mysql_data:/var/lib/mysql
- tree
.
├── docker-compose.yml
├── mysql
│ └── Dockerfile
├── nginx
│ ├── default.conf
│ └── Dockerfile
├── php
│ └── Dockerfile
└── web
├── index.html
└── index.php
docker-compose up -d
- index.html
- index.php
(4)服务测试
要求和提示:
-
包括但不限于测试数据库连接、数据库新建、表新建、表记录的插入修改和删除是否成功(pdo或mysqli均可);
-
相关测试代码参考PHP与MySQL的教程。
-
数据库连接
<?php
$servername = "mysql";
$username = "root";
$password = $_ENV["MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD"];
try {
$conn = new PDO("mysql:host=$servername;", $username, $password);
echo "连接成功";
}
catch(PDOException $e)
{
echo $e->getMessage();
}
?>
- 数据库新建
<?php
$servername = "mysql";
$username = "root";
$password = $_ENV["MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD"];
try {
$conn = new PDO("mysql:host=$servername", $username, $password);
// 设置 PDO 错误模式为异常
$conn->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);
//$sql = "DROP DATABASE myDBPDO";
//$conn->exec($sql);
$sql = "CREATE DATABASE myDBPDO";
// 使用 exec() ,因为没有结果返回
$conn->exec($sql);
echo "数据库创建成功<br>";
}
catch(PDOException $e)
{
echo $sql . "<br>" . $e->getMessage();
}
$conn = null;
?>
- 表新建
<?php
$servername = "mysql";
$username = "root";
$password = $_ENV["MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD"];
$dbname = "myDBPDO";
try {
$conn = new PDO("mysql:host=$servername;dbname=$dbname", $username, $password);
// 设置 PDO 错误模式,用于抛出异常
$conn->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);
// 使用 sql 创建数据表
$sql = "CREATE TABLE MyGuests (
id INT(6) UNSIGNED AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
firstname VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL,
lastname VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL,
email VARCHAR(50),
reg_date TIMESTAMP
)";
// 使用 exec() ,没有结果返回
$conn->exec($sql);
echo "数据表 MyGuests 创建成功";
}
catch(PDOException $e)
{
echo $sql . "<br>" . $e->getMessage();
}
$conn = null;
?>
- 表记录
<?php
$servername = "mysql";
$username = "root";
$password = $_ENV["MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD"];
$dbname = "myDBPDO";
try {
$conn = new PDO("mysql:host=$servername;dbname=$dbname", $username, $password);
// 设置 PDO 错误模式,用于抛出异常
$conn->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);
$sql = "INSERT INTO MyGuests (firstname, lastname, email)
VALUES ('John', 'Doe', 'john@example.com')";
// 使用 exec() ,没有结果返回
$conn->exec($sql);
echo "新记录插入成功";
}
catch(PDOException $e)
{
echo $sql . "<br>" . $e->getMessage();
}
$conn = null;
?>root@ubuntu:~/docker/compose# cat web/insert.php
<?php
$servername = "mysql";
$username = "root";
$password = $_ENV["MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD"];
$dbname = "myDBPDO";
try {
$conn = new PDO("mysql:host=$servername;dbname=$dbname", $username, $password);
// 设置 PDO 错误模式,用于抛出异常
$conn->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);
$sql = "INSERT INTO MyGuests (firstname, lastname, email)
VALUES ('John', 'Doe', 'john@example.com')";
// 使用 exec() ,没有结果返回
$conn->exec($sql);
echo "新记录插入成功";
}
catch(PDOException $e)
{
echo $sql . "<br>" . $e->getMessage();
}
$conn = null;
?>
遇到的问题
- php连接docker运行的mysql,显示(HY000/2002): Connection refused
每个docker运行容器的localhost 127.0.0.1都是自己容器本身,不是mysql容器
所以 $servername 应为容器名 或 具体的地址
<?php
$servername = "mysql"; //容器名
...
?>
nginx的配置文件 nginx.conf 中也是如此
server {
...
location ~ \.php$ {
fastcgi_pass php:9000; #容器名:端口
...
}