检查一内存 On Linux x86:
-
At least 1 GB of RAM 内存至少1G
To determine the RAM size, enter the following command:
# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo
If the size of the RAM is less than the required size, then you must install more memory before continuing.
-
The following table describes the relationship between installed RAM and the configured swap space recommendation:
Note:
On Linux, the HugePages feature allocates non-swappable memory for large page tables using memory-mapped files. If you enable HugePages, then you should deduct the memory allocated to HugePages from the available RAM before calculating swap space.RAM Swap Space Between 1 GB and 2 GB 1.5 times the size of RAM Between 2 GB and 16 GB Equal to the size of RAM More than 16 GB 16 GB
On Linux x86-64:(注意用虚拟机安装的时候必须>1G 否则后面安装检测无法通过)
-
At least 4 GB of RAM
To determine the RAM size, enter the following command:
# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo
If the size of the RAM is less than the required size, then you must install more memory before continuing.
-
The following table describes the relationship between installed RAM and the configured swap space recommendation:
Note:
On Linux, the HugePages feature allocates non-swappable memory for large page tables using memory-mapped files. If you enable HugePages, then you should deduct the memory allocated to HugePages from the available RAM before calculating swap space.RAM Swap Space Between 4 GB and 8 GB 2 times the size of RAM Between 8 GB and 32 GB 1.5 times the size of RAM More than 32 GB 32 GB
/dev/shm)
and file descriptors. The size of the shared memory should be at least the greater of MEMORY_MAX_TARGET
and MEMORY_TARGET
for each Oracle instance on the computer. If MEMORY_MAX_TARGET
or MEMORY_TARGET
is set to a non zero value, and an incorrect size is assigned to the shared memory, it will result in an ORA-00845
error at startup. On Linux systems, if the operating system /dev/shm
mount size is too small for the Oracle system global area (SGA) and program global area (PGA), even then it will result in an ORA-00845
error.如果在初始化参数中设置了MEMORY_MAX_TARGET 和MEMORY_TARGET 两参数为非0 值,并且不符合系统共享内存,则ORACLE 数据库启动时,就会触发ORA-00845:MEMORY_TARGET not supported on this system 错误。
The number of file descriptors for each Oracle instance should be at least 512*
PROCESSES
. Also, the limit of descriptors for each process should be at least 512. If file descriptors are not sized correctly, you will notice ORA-27123
from various Oracle processes and potentially Linux Error EMFILE (Too many open files)
errors in non-Oracle processes.
什么是/dev/shm
它就是所谓的tmpfs,从名字可以看出是一个临时的文件系统,有人说跟ramdisk(虚拟磁盘),但不一样。使用/dev/shm的好处就是读取数据相当快,因为典型的 tmpfs 文件系统会完全驻留在 RAM 中,读写几乎可以是瞬间的。同时,要注意的是,在/dev/shm中的文件在系统重启后会被清除掉。
tmpfs默认大小一般为物理内存的一半,当然可以修改tmpfs的大小。一般在fstab上可以看到
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0
如果要将tmpfs的大小修改为4G,可以对上面的做适当的修改即可,如:
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults,size=4096M 0 0
The workaround, if you encounter the ORA-00845
error, is to increase the /dev/shm
mountpoint size. For example:
# mount -t tmpfs shmfs -o size=7g /dev/shm
/etc/fstab
similar to the following:shmfs /dev/shm tmpfs size=7g 0
# df -h /dev/shm/
检查3 /tmp
The following are the disk space requirements for installing Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2):
-
1 GB of space in the
/tmp
directoryTo determine the amount of space available in the
/tmp
directory, enter the following command:# df -h /tmp
If the free space available in the
/tmp
directory is less than what is required, then complete one of the following steps:-
Delete unnecessary files from the
/tmp
directory to meet the disk space requirement. -
Set the
TMP
andTMPDIR
environment variables when setting theoracle
user's environment.See Also:
"Configuring the oracle User's Environment" for more information about settingTMP
andTMPDIR
-
Extend the file system that contains the
/tmp
directory. If necessary, contact the system administrator for information about extending file systems.
-
-
To determine the amount of free disk space on the system, enter the following command:
# df -h
-
The following tables describe the disk space requirements for software files, and data files for each installation type on Linux x86:
Installation Type Requirement for Software Files (GB) Enterprise Edition 3.95 Standard Edition 3.88 Installation Type Disk Space for Data Files (GB) Enterprise Edition 1.7 Standard Edition 1.5 -
The following tables describe the disk space requirements for software files, and data files for each installation type on Linux x86-64:
Installation Type Requirement for Software Files (GB) Enterprise Edition 4.35 Standard Edition 3.73 Installation Type Disk Space for Data Files (GB) Enterprise Edition 1.68 Standard Edition 1.48
The following packages (or later versions) must be installed:
binutils-2.17.50.0.6-12.el5 (s390x) compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61 (s390) compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61 (s390x) gcc-4.1.2-46.el5 (s390x) gcc-c++-4.1.2-46.el5 (s390x) glibc-2.5-42(s390) glibc-2.5-42 (s390x) glibc-devel-2.5-42 (s390) glibc-devel-2.5-42 (s390x) ksh libaio-0.3.106-3.2 (s390) libaio-0.3.106-3.2 (s390x) libaio-devel-0.3.106-3.2 (s390) libaio-devel-0.3.106-3.2 (s390x) libgcc-4.1.2-46.el5 (s390) libgcc-4.1.2-46.el5 (s390x) libstdc++-4.1.2-46.el5 (s390) libstdc++-4.1.2-46.el5 (s390x) libstdc++-devel-4.1.2-46.el5 (s390x) make-3.81 sysstat-7.0.2-3.el5 (s390x) unixODBC-2.2.11 (32 bit) or later unixODBC-devel-2.2.11 (32 bit) or later |
libaio-devel-0.3.106-5.x86_64.rpm
sysstat-7.0.2-11.el5.x86_64.rpm
unixODBC-devel-2.2.11-10.el5.i386.rpm
unixODBC-devel-2.2.11-10.el5.x86_64.rpm
Kernel
Parameter |
Setting To Get
You Started |
Purpose
|
aio-max-nr
|
1048576
|
The total number of concurrent outstanding I/O requests
|
shmmni
|
4096
|
Maximum number of shared memory segments
|
shmall
|
2097152
|
Maximum total shared memory (4 Kb pages)
|
shmmax
|
4294967295
|
Maximum size of a single shared memory segment. Set to either (4GB -1) or 1/2 the size of physical memory (in bytes) whichever is lower
|
semmsl
|
250
|
Maximum number of semaphores per set
|
semmns
|
32000
|
Maximum number of semaphores
|
semopm
|
100
|
Maximum operations per semop call
|
semmni
|
128
|
Maximum number of semaphore sets
|
file-max
|
6815744
|
Maximum number of open files
|
ip_local_port_range
|
9000 - 65500
|
Range of ports to use for client connections
|
rmem_default
|
262144
|
Default TCP/IP receive window
|
rmem_max
|
4194304
|
Maximum TCP/IP receive window
|
wmem_default
|
262144
|
Maximum TCP/IP send window
|
wmem_max
|
1048576
|
Maximum TCP/IP send window
|
kernel.shmmax = 4294967295
# Controls the maximum number of shared memory segments, in pages
kernel.shmall = 2097152
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586
Changing password for user oracle.
New UNIX password:
BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
session required pam_limits.so
[root@oracle2 ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app /u01/app/oracle /u01/app/oracle/oradata
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1
ORACLE_SID=ORADB1
export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID
alias home='cd $ORACLE_HOME'
alias base='cd $ORACLE_BASE'
SQLPATH=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/sqlplus/admin
Password:
[root@oracle2 ~]# xhost +
access control disabled, clients can connect from any host
alias rman='rlwrap rman'