javascript及php笔记:自己动手写一个ajax异步上传文件的jquery插件

  前不久做了一个文件上传的功能页面,这次开发中我遇到了些问题,开发的时候由于时间比较紧张,因此有些细节做得并不是太仔细,所以最近几天将前面做得东西整理了下,在这里和大家 一起分享下。

  首先我介绍下我所做的功能页面,页面会同时上传两个文件,一个是数据文件,一个是签名文件,而且数据文件一般都是比较大的,上传的同时文件的数据要同步解析同步校验,最终录入到数据库里,这就导致文件上传的时间都比较长,为了得到更好的用户体验,上传文件的时候页面做一个等待的遮罩效果,这个如果用ajax异步提交就能很好的作出效果,但是标准的ajax技术可以异步上传文件吗?答案是不行,至少标准的ajax技术里没有直接用来上传文件的方法,这时同事给了我一个项目组里使用过的ajax上传文件的插件,研究了下很让我失望,这个插件只能上传一个文件同时也不支持遮罩的效果,况且代码也超级烂:作为jQuery插件,代码里面居然很少使用jQuery方法,也不知道当时同事从那里找到了这个插件。

  我现在对每一次能写js代码的机会都坚决把握,这次也不例外,我想自己写个ajax上传的jQuery插件。

  ajax上传文件原理是一种用不可见的form和iframe框架模拟ajax异步提交的方式,我在制作的插件里添加了一个用于上传文件的form和iframe,其中form也是对用户不可见的,但是它是负责文件上传的form,iframe则是接收返回数据的载体,下面我把我页面的源码和页面上传文件时候的代码贴在下面,大家可以比较下:

  源文件ajaxuploadfile.html:

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Ajax File Upload PHP</title>
</head>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-1.7.1.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.ajaxupload.1.0.js"></script>
<body>
    <form id="aupfFrm" name="aupfFrm" style="position: absolute;top:50px;left: 80px;">
        <label for="username">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;用户姓名:</label>
        <input type="text" id="username" name="username"/>
        <br/>
        <label for="userpwd">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;用户密码:</label>
        <input type="password" id="userpwd" name="userpwd"/>
        <br/>
        <label for="uploadFile">请选择文件1:</label></label>
        <input type="file" id="uploadFile1" name="uploadFile1"/>
        <br/>
        <label for="uploadFile">请选择文件2:</label></label>
        <input type="file" id="uploadFile2" name="uploadFile2"/>
        <br/>
        <br/>
        <center>
            <input type="button" id="upBtn" name="upBtn" value="BUTTON"/>
        </center>
    </form>
    <span id="showErrInfo" style="color: red"></span>
</body>
</html>
<script type="text/javascript">
    $(document).ready(function(){
        /*
        $("#upBtn").bind("click",function(){
            $.ajaxFileUpload({
                url:"php/uploadfile.php",
                loadPicUrl:"images/loading.gif",
                formElemIds:["username","userpwd","uploadFile1","uploadFile2"],
                dataType:"html",
                success:function(data){
                    $("body").html(data);
                },
                error:function(data){
                    alert(data);
                }
            });
        });
        */
        $("#upBtn").bind("click",function(){
            $.ajaxFileUpload({
                url:"php/uploadfile.php",
                loadPicUrl:"images/loading.gif",
                formElemIds:["username","userpwd","uploadFile1","uploadFile2"],
                dataType:"json",
                success:function(data){
                    $("#showErrInfo").text("");// 清空原来的提示信息
                    $("#showErrInfo").text("用户姓名:" + data.username + 
                                                ";用户密码:" + data.userpwd + 
                                                        ";请求类型:" + data.dataType + 
                                                            ";提示信息:" + data.retTipInfo);
                },
                error:function(data){
                    alert(data);
                }
            });
        });        
    });
</script>

  上传文件过程中的页面代码:

<form enctype="multipart/form-data" id="jqAjaxUploadFrom1344865748585"
name="jqAjaxUploadFrom1344865748585" method="post" action="php/uploadfile.php"
style="position: absolute; top: -1200px; left: -1200px;" target="jqAjaxUploadIframe1344865748585">
    <input type="text" name="username" id="jqUploadFile1344865748585username">
    <input type="password" name="userpwd" id="jqUploadFile1344865748585userpwd">
    <input type="file" name="uploadFile1" id="jqUploadFile1344865748585uploadFile1">
    <input type="file" name="uploadFile2" id="jqUploadFile1344865748585uploadFile2">
    <input type="hidden" name="dataTp" id="dataTp" value="json">
</form>
<iframe name="jqAjaxUploadIframe1344865748585" id="jqAjaxUploadIframe1344865748585"
style="position: absolute; top: -1000px; left: -1000px;" src="php/uploadfile.php">
</iframe>
<html>
    
    <head>
        <meta content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" http-equiv="Content-Type">
        <title>
            Ajax File Upload PHP
        </title>
        <script src="js/jquery-1.7.1.js" type="text/javascript">
        </script>
        <script src="js/jquery.ajaxupload.1.0.js" type="text/javascript">
        </script>
    </head>
    
    <body>
        <form style="position: absolute;top:50px;left: 80px;" name="aupfFrm" id="aupfFrm">
            <label for="username">
                &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;用户姓名:
            </label>
            <input type="text" name="username" id="username">
            <br>
            <label for="userpwd">
                &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;用户密码:
            </label>
            <input type="password" name="userpwd" id="userpwd">
            <br>
            <label for="uploadFile">
                请选择文件1:
            </label>
            <input type="file" name="uploadFile1" id="uploadFile1">
            <br>
            <label for="uploadFile">
                请选择文件2:
            </label>
            <input type="file" name="uploadFile2" id="uploadFile2">
            <br>
            <br>
            <center>
                <input type="button" value="BUTTON" name="upBtn" id="upBtn">
            </center>
        </form>
        <span style="color: red" id="showErrInfo">
        </span>
        <script type="text/javascript">
            $(document).ready(function() {
                /*
        $("#upBtn").bind("click",function(){
            $.ajaxFileUpload({
                url:"php/uploadfile.php",
                loadPicUrl:"images/loading.gif",
                formElemIds:["username","userpwd","uploadFile1","uploadFile2"],
                dataType:"html",
                success:function(data){
                    $("body").html(data);
                },
                error:function(data){
                    alert(data);
                }
            });
        });
        */
                $("#upBtn").bind("click",
                function() {
                    $.ajaxFileUpload({
                        url: "php/uploadfile.php",
                        loadPicUrl: "images/loading.gif",
                        formElemIds: ["username", "userpwd", "uploadFile1", "uploadFile2"],
                        dataType: "json",
                        success: function(data) {
                            $("#showErrInfo").text(""); // 清空原来的提示信息
                            $("#showErrInfo").text("用户姓名:" + data.username + ";用户密码:" + data.userpwd + ";请求类型:" + data.dataType + ";提示信息:" + data.retTipInfo);
                        },
                        error: function(data) {
                            alert(data);
                        }
                    });
                });
            });
        </script>
        <div id="up_overlay" style="display: block; height: 100%; width: 100%; left: 0px; top: 0px; position: fixed; z-index: 999; background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); opacity: 0.59;">
        </div>
        <img id="loadimg" style="left: 0px; top: 0px; margin-left: 280px; margin-top: 150px; position: fixed; z-index: 999; display: block;"
        src="images/loading.gif">
        <form enctype="multipart/form-data" id="jqAjaxUploadFrom1344865748585"
        name="jqAjaxUploadFrom1344865748585" method="post" action="php/uploadfile.php"
        style="position: absolute; top: -1200px; left: -1200px;" target="jqAjaxUploadIframe1344865748585">
            <input type="text" name="username" id="jqUploadFile1344865748585username">
            <input type="password" name="userpwd" id="jqUploadFile1344865748585userpwd">
            <input type="file" name="uploadFile1" id="jqUploadFile1344865748585uploadFile1">
            <input type="file" name="uploadFile2" id="jqUploadFile1344865748585uploadFile2">
            <input type="hidden" name="dataTp" id="dataTp" value="json">
        </form>
        <iframe name="jqAjaxUploadIframe1344865748585" id="jqAjaxUploadIframe1344865748585"
        style="position: absolute; top: -1000px; left: -1000px;" src="php/uploadfile.php">
        </iframe>
    </body>

</html>

  其中form代码:

        <form enctype="multipart/form-data" id="jqAjaxUploadFrom1344865748585"
        name="jqAjaxUploadFrom1344865748585" method="post" action="php/uploadfile.php"
        style="position: absolute; top: -1200px; left: -1200px;" target="jqAjaxUploadIframe1344865748585">
            <input type="text" name="username" id="jqUploadFile1344865748585username">
            <input type="password" name="userpwd" id="jqUploadFile1344865748585userpwd">
            <input type="file" name="uploadFile1" id="jqUploadFile1344865748585uploadFile1">
            <input type="file" name="uploadFile2" id="jqUploadFile1344865748585uploadFile2">
            <input type="hidden" name="dataTp" id="dataTp" value="json">
        </form>

  iframe代码:

        <iframe name="jqAjaxUploadIframe1344865748585" id="jqAjaxUploadIframe1344865748585"
        style="position: absolute; top: -1000px; left: -1000px;" src="php/uploadfile.php">
        </iframe>

  遮罩的代码:

        <div id="up_overlay" style="display: block; height: 100%; width: 100%; left: 0px; top: 0px; position: fixed; z-index: 999; background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); opacity: 0.59;">
        </div>
        <img id="loadimg" style="left: 0px; top: 0px; margin-left: 280px; margin-top: 150px; position: fixed; z-index: 999; display: block;"
        src="images/loading.gif">

  调用方式:

        $("#upBtn").bind("click",function(){
            $.ajaxFileUpload({
                url:"php/uploadfile.php",
                loadPicUrl:"images/loading.gif",
                formElemIds:["username","userpwd","uploadFile1","uploadFile2"],
                dataType:"json",
                success:function(data){
                    $("#showErrInfo").text("");// 清空原来的提示信息
                    $("#showErrInfo").text("用户姓名:" + data.username + 
                                                ";用户密码:" + data.userpwd + 
                                                        ";请求类型:" + data.dataType + 
                                                            ";提示信息:" + data.retTipInfo);
                },
                error:function(data){
                    alert(data);
                }
            });
        });    

  

参数介绍:
url:请求路径;
loadPicUrl:遮罩效果的等待图片;
formElemIds:提交到服务端的form元素的id值,注意一定要是个数组,如果那个字段的id没有写到数组里,那么它的数据也不会提交到服务端;
dataType:指定返回值的数据类型,我计划写html,json,xml和script,现在实现了html和script,其他两种也很简单,以后有空再补充;
success:文件上传成功的回调函数;
error:文件上传失败的回调函数。

 

下面就是我程序的源码了:

首先还是目录结果,如图:

javascript代码(jquery.ajaxupload.1.0.js):

View Code
// 制作jQuery插件 author:xiajun  add 2012-08-13 ajax多文件上传
;(function($){
    $.extend({
        createUploadIframe:function(id,url){// 创建用于文件上传的iframe
            var upIframeId = "jqAjaxUploadIframe" + id;
            var jqIfrmObj = $('<iframe id="' + upIframeId + '" name="' + upIframeId + '" />');
            
            // iframe的位置
            jqIfrmObj.css('position','absolute');
            jqIfrmObj.css('top','-1000px');
            jqIfrmObj.css('left','-1000px');
            jqIfrmObj.attr('src',url);
            
            $('body').append(jqIfrmObj);
            return jqIfrmObj;
        },
        createUploadForm:function(timeId,fileElems,dataType){// 创建用于上传文件的form
            var upFormId = "jqAjaxUploadFrom" + timeId;
            var jqFormObj = $('<form  action="" method="POST" name="' + upFormId + '" id="' + upFormId + '" enctype="multipart/form-data"></form>');
            
            for (var i = 0,len = fileElems.length;i < len;i++){
                var fileElemObj = fileElems[i],
                    fileId = 'jqUploadFile' + timeId + fileElemObj,
                    oldElem = $('#' + fileElemObj),
                    newElem = $(oldElem).clone();
                    
                $(oldElem).attr('id',fileId);
                $(oldElem).before(newElem);
                $(oldElem).appendTo(jqFormObj);
            }
            
            // 数据返回类型
            var dataTpIpt = $("<input type='hidden' id='dataTp' name = 'dataTp'/>");
            dataTpIpt.val(dataType);
            jqFormObj.append(dataTpIpt);
            
            $(jqFormObj).css('position', 'absolute');
            $(jqFormObj).css('top', '-1200px');
            $(jqFormObj).css('left', '-1200px');
            $(jqFormObj).appendTo('body');    
            
            return jqFormObj;        
        },
        createOverLay:function(){// 创建遮罩效果 
            var overLayDiv = $("<div></div>");
            overLayDiv.attr("id","up_overlay");
            overLayDiv.css("display","block");
            overLayDiv.css("height","100%");
            overLayDiv.css("width","100%");
            overLayDiv.css("left","0px");
            overLayDiv.css("top","0px");
            overLayDiv.css("position","fixed");
            overLayDiv.css("z-index","999");
            overLayDiv.css("background-color","#000000");
            overLayDiv.css("opacity","0.59");
            overLayDiv.css("filter","Alpha(opacity=50)");
            $("body").append(overLayDiv);
        },
        createLoadingPic:function(loadPicUrl){// 创建正在加载的图片
            var oLoadingPic = $("<img></img>");
            oLoadingPic.attr("id","loadimg");
            oLoadingPic.css("left","0px");
            oLoadingPic.css("top","0px");
            oLoadingPic.css("margin-left","280px");
            oLoadingPic.css("margin-top","150px");
            oLoadingPic.css("position","fixed");
            oLoadingPic.css("z-index","999");
            oLoadingPic.css("display","block");
            
            oLoadingPic.attr("src",loadPicUrl);
            
            $("body").append(oLoadingPic);
        },
        ajaxFileUpload:function(oJson){// 文件上传方法
            // 遮罩效果 start
            jQuery.createOverLay();
            jQuery.createLoadingPic(oJson.loadPicUrl);
            // 遮罩效果 end
            
            // 创建用于上传文件的iframe和form start
            var timeId = new Date().getTime();
            var upfForm = jQuery.createUploadForm(timeId,oJson.formElemIds,oJson.dataType);
                upfIframe = jQuery.createUploadIframe(timeId,oJson.url),
                upfFormId = "jqAjaxUploadFrom" + timeId,
                upfIframeId = "jqAjaxUploadIframe" + timeId;
            // 创建用于上传文件的iframe和form end
                
            // 上传文件的回调函数 start
            var xml = {};
            var uploadFileCallback = function(){
                var cbUpfIfrm = $("#" + upfIframeId);
                try{
                    xml = cbUpfIfrm.contents().find("body");
                    
                    var sErrFlag = $.trim(cbUpfIfrm.contents().find("body").find("input[id='errFlag']").val()),
                        sTipInfo = $.trim(cbUpfIfrm.contents().find("body").find("input[id='errInfo']").val());
                    
                    if (sErrFlag == 'false'){
                        if (oJson.error){
                            oJson.error(sTipInfo);    
                        }
                    }else if (sErrFlag == 'true'){
                        var retData = jQuery.uploadRetHttpData(xml,oJson.dataType);
                        
                        if (oJson.success){
                            $("#up_overlay").remove();
                            $("#loadimg").remove();
                            oJson.success(retData);    
                        }                        
                    }
                    
                    $(cbUpfIfrm).unbind();
                    
                    setTimeout(function(){
                        $(upfIframe).remove();
                        $(upfForm).remove();
                    },100);                    
                            
                    xml = null;        
                }catch(e){
                    alert("Callback error1:" + e);    
                }

            }
            // 上传文件的回调函数 end
            
            try{
                var ajaxUpfForm = $("#" + upfFormId);
                ajaxUpfForm.attr("action",oJson.url);
                ajaxUpfForm.attr("method","post");
                ajaxUpfForm.attr("target",upfIframeId);
                
                if (ajaxUpfForm.attr("encoding")){
                    ajaxUpfForm.attr("encoding","multipart/form-data");
                }else{
                    ajaxUpfForm.attr("enctype","multipart/form-data");    
                }
                
                ajaxUpfForm.submit();
            }catch(e){
                alert("ajaxFileUpload Error:" + e);
            }
            
            $("#" + upfIframeId).bind("load",uploadFileCallback);
            
            return {abort: function () {}};    
        },
        uploadRetHttpData:function(resp,type){// 上传返回的数据
            switch (type) {
                case 'html':
                    return resp.find("div[id='resultData']").html();
                    break;
                case 'xml':
                    alert("to do ....");// 以后再写
                    break;
                case 'json':
                    return eval("(" + resp.find("div[id='resultData']").text() + ")");
                    break;
                case 'script':
                    alert("to do ....");// 以后再写
                    break;
                default:
                    break;
            }
        }
    });
})(jQuery);

  服务端我使用的是php,我的工作语言是java,今天使用php也是第一次尝试另一种服务端语言,这个决定也不是临时的,我打算以后自我学习所写的代码都将会是脚本语言,最近一段时间是php,等php熟练后就是python,我的计划是学会四门脚本语言,另外两种是nodeJs和ruby了。

  使用php写代码的感觉就是爽,比java方便多了,做网站就应该用php这样的脚本语言。

下面是我服务端源码(uploadfile.php):

<?php
    //sleep(234);
    
    /**
     * 上传错误处理函数
     * Enter description here ...
     * @param $errCode
     */
    function parseFileErr($fileNm,$errCode){
        setOperateFlag('false');
        switch ($errCode) {
            case 1:
                echo $fileNm . ":文件大小超过了PHP.ini中的文件限制!";
                break;
            case 2:
                echo $fileNm . ":文件大小超过了浏览器限制!";
                break;
            case 3:
                echo $fileNm . ":文件部分被上传!";
                break;
            case 4:
                echo $fileNm . ":没有找到要上传的文件!";
                break;
            case 5:
                echo $fileNm . ":服务器临时文件夹丢失,请重新上传!";
                break;
            case 6:
                echo $fileNm . ":文件写入到临时文件夹出错!";
                break;            
            default:
                echo $fileNm . ":文件上传错误!!";
                break;
        }
    }
    
    /**
     * 设置操作状态 true表示成功 false 表示失败
     * Enter description here ...
     * @param $flag
     */
    function setOperateFlag($flag,$tipInfo){
        echo "<input type='hidden' id='errFlag' name='errFlag' value='" . $flag . "' />";
        echo "<input type='hidden' id='errInfo' name='errInfo' value='" . $tipInfo . "' />";
    }
    
    /**
     * 校验文件的类型和大小
     * Enter description here ...
     * @param $upFileTp
     * @param $upFileSize
     */
    function checkFileTypeAndSize($upFileTp,$upFileSize){
        if ($upFileSize < 28480){
            return true;
        }else{
            return false;
        }
    }
    
    /**
     * 判断上传文件是否存在
     * Enter description here ...
     * @param $upFileNm
     */
    function checkFileExists($upFileNm){
        if (file_exists($upFileNm)){
            return "tp0_" . $upFileNm;// 已存在文件改名字保存
        }else{
            return $upFileNm;
        }
    }
    
    /**
     * 返回数据
     * Enter description here ...
     */
    function resultDataFtn(){
        $reqUserNm = $_REQUEST["username"];
        $reqUserPwd = $_REQUEST["userpwd"];
        $reqDataTp = $_REQUEST["dataTp"];
        echo "<div id='resultData'>";
        if ($reqDataTp == 'html'){
            echo "<h1 style='color:red'>PHP Ajax 多文件上传 成功</h1>";
        }elseif ($reqDataTp == 'json'){
            $jsonArr = array("username"=> $reqUserNm,
                             "userpwd" => $reqUserPwd,
                             "dataType" => $reqDataTp,
                             "retTipInfo" => "PHP Ajax 多文件上传 成功");
            echo json_encode($jsonArr);
        }
        echo "</div>";
    }
    
    // 上传文件1
    $upFile01Name = $_FILES['uploadFile1']['name'];
    $upFile01Size = $_FILES['uploadFile1']['size'];
    $upFile01TmpNm = $_FILES['uploadFile1']['tmp_name'];
    $upFile01Type = $_FILES['uploadFile1']['type'];
    $upFile01Err = $_FILES['uploadFile1']['error'];
    
    // 上传文件2
    $upFile02Name = $_FILES['uploadFile2']['name'];
    $upFile02Size = $_FILES['uploadFile2']['size'];
    $upFile02TmpNm = $_FILES['uploadFile2']['tmp_name'];
    $upFile02Type = $_FILES['uploadFile2']['type'];    
    $upFile02Err = $_FILES['uploadFile2']['error'];
    
    if ($upFile01Name == '' || $upFile02Name == ''){
        setOperateFlag('false',"请上传文件!");
        //echo "<script>alert('请上传文件!');</script>";
    }else{
        if ($upFile01Err > 0 || $upFile02Err > 0){
            //$upFile01Err > 0 ? parseFileErr($upFile01Name, $upFile01Err) : "";
            //$upFile02Err > 0 ? parseFileErr($upFile02Name, $upFile02Err) : "";
            setOperateFlag('false',"上传失败!");
        }else{
            if (!checkFileTypeAndSize($upFile01Type, $upFile01Size) || !checkFileTypeAndSize($upFile02Type, $upFile02Size)){    
                setOperateFlag('false','上传的文件过大!');
                //echo "<script>alert('上传的文件过大!');</script>";
            }else{
                setOperateFlag('true',"成功");
                move_uploaded_file($upFile01TmpNm, checkFileExists($upFile01Name));
                move_uploaded_file($upFile02TmpNm, checkFileExists($upFile02Name));
                resultDataFtn();// 结果数据处理
            }
        }
    }
?>

  这个插件写的很匆忙,问题肯定很多,特别是服务端和客户端有些逻辑有一定耦合,我估计某些童鞋想把插件迁移到其他的服务端上会有点麻烦,等有时间我会进一步改进自己的代码。

 

  源代码下载路径:
  https://files.cnblogs.com/sharpxiajun/ajaxfileupload1.0.zip

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

posted @ 2012-08-13 22:32  夏天的森林  阅读(9279)  评论(4编辑  收藏  举报